20 women, age 23–49, with culture-confirmed vaginal trichomoniasis were treated on 3 consecutive nights with 5 g of 2% tioconazole vaginal cream, a new imidazole antifungal agent. 4 days following the last administration, 14 patients (70%) had a negative culture for Trichomonas vaginalis. 1 month after entering the study, no relapses were observed and 16 (80%) had negative cultures; only one relapse was noted on long-term (60-day) follow-up. Typical signs and symptoms were severe or moderately severe at baseline in nearly all patients. At 30-day and 60-day follow-up, they were either absent or mild in the patients reporting any symptoms. A burning sensation in 2 patients was the only reported side effect. In separate global evaluations by the physician and the patients, the overall clinical effect was considered satisfactory in all but 1 patient. These results indicate that tioconazole is safe and effective in a short-course treatment of vaginal infection caused by T. vaginalis