Acoustic tomography is a promising method for monitoring atmospheric wind and temperature fields. It may be possible to achieve better spatial and temporal resolution than offered by existing technologies. In this paper, three different schemes, all based upon travel‐time measurements, are proposed and analyzed: a horizontal array for determining structure of boundary‐layer thermals and gravity waves; a vertical array for high‐resolution monitoring of the mean surface‐layer profiles; and a long baseline array for studying the evolution of stable boundary layers. The schemes are evaluated in terms of resolution capability, practicality, and interest in atmospheric science. Some preliminary results from experimental and numerical studies of the horizontal array are given. The numerical studies use wind and temperature fields generated by a large‐eddy simulation (LES) model.