At least fivePenthocratesspp. (Lep: Limacodidae) are recognized from the Philippines. The larvae of these moths attack coconut and oil palms and during outbreaks can cause considerable economic damage. Previously, the true identity of these pests had not been realized. The biology of the known species is described with notes on natural parasitism (byApantelessp.,Aroplectrus dimerus. Nesolynxsp.,Paraphylaxsp.,Goryphussp. andEupelmussp.). Details of a number of outbreaks on coconuts in the Philippines are summarized and control measures discussed.