Atropine pharmacokinetics are affected by moderate hemorrhage and hypothyroidism
作者:
ROBERT SMALLRIDGE,
BART CHERNOW,
STEVEN TEICH,
CAROL KINZER,
CAROLYN UMSTOTT,
GLEN GEELHOED,
CHARLES III,
期刊:
Critical Care Medicine
(OVID Available online 1989)
卷期:
Volume 17,
issue 12
页码: 1254-1257
ISSN:0090-3493
年代: 1989
出版商: OVID
数据来源: OVID
摘要:
Atropine is used both to treat a variety of clinical disorders and as an antidote to cholinesterase poisoning. While various conditions affect the physiologic responses to atropine, little is known of the pharmacokinetics of this drug except under resting conditions. Pharmacokinetic studies were performed in mongrel dogs under two experimental conditions, moderate hemorrhage and hypothyroidism, to determine whether im absorption and elimination of atropine (0.05 mg/kg body weight) were affected by changes in hemodynamic or metabolic status. Using a randomized, crossover experimental design, it was found that during hypovolemia the mean volume of distribution was reduced by 22% (2.50 ± 0.62 vs. 3.21 ± 0.63 L/kg), with no changes in peak serum level, total atropine availability, elimination half-life, or whole-body clearance. Hypothyroidism was associated with a significant increase in peak serum atropine concentration (26.4 ± 3.9 vs. 20.6 ± 4.9 ng/ml) and drug bioavailability (48.5 ± 8.8 vs. 30.0 ± 10.7 ng/ml-h), while the clearance was reduced by 39% (426 ± 34 vs. 696 ± 187 ng/ml-min). These results suggest that atropine kinetics are not altered appreciably during moderate hemorrhage. In hypothyroidism, alterations in atropine pharmacokinetics may warrant modification of drug dose and frequency of administration.
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