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Olanzapine as Alternative Therapy for Patients With Haloperidol-Induced Extrapyramidal ...
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Olanzapine as Alternative Therapy for Patients With Haloperidol-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms: Results of a Multicenter, Collaborative Trial in Latin America
作者:
Jorge Costa e Silva,
Nelson Alvarez,
Guido Mazzotti,
Wagner Gattaz,
Jorge Ospina,
Veronica Larach,
Sergio Starkstein,
Daniel Oliva,
Lynne Cousins,
Mauricio Tohen,
Cindy Taylor,
Jeff Wang,
Pierre Tran,
期刊:
Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology
(OVID Available online 2001)
卷期:
Volume 21,
issue 4
页码: 375-381
ISSN:0271-0749
年代: 2001
出版商: OVID
数据来源: OVID
摘要:
Conventional antipsychotic agents can induce extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) that may be alleviated by switching patients to novel agents such as olanzapine. Patients with schizophrenia and related disorders (ICD-10) who were taking haloperidol (N = 94; mean dose = 12.7 mg/day) and had EPS (Simpson-Angus Scale [SAS] > 3) were directly switched to 6 weeks of open-label olanzapine treatment (mean dose = 11.4 mg/day). There were significant mean improvements (p<0.001 for all measurements) from baseline to endpoint on the SAS (−9.69 ± 5.33; percentage change, 87.2%), the Barnes Akathisia Scale (−1.00 ± 1.19; percentage change, 82.5%), and the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (−1.48 ± 2.89; percentage change, 81.1%), and anticholinergic use decreased from 47.9% to 12.8% (mean baseline to endpoint change: −1.52 ± 1.91-mg equivalents of benztropine;p< 0.001). Significant mean baseline to endpoint improvements (p< 0.001 for all measurements) were observed on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS; −25.28 ± 18.67; percentage change, 30.3%), the PANSS-extracted Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (0–6 scale, −13.41 ± 10.16; percent-age change, 54.4%), and the Clinical Global Impressions Severity scale (−1.16 ± 1.19; percentage change, 26.4%). Spontaneously reported treatment-emergent adverse events with a greater than 5% incidence were somnolence (16.0%), increased appetite (14.9%), weight gain (11.7%), headache (8.5%), anxiety (7.4%), dizziness (6.4%), and insomnia (5.3%). Criteria for a successful switch were met by 90.5% of patients. Psychotic symptom exacerbation was experienced by 30.9% of patients at any time during the study and by 11.7% of patients at endpoint. Results suggest that a direct switch to olanzapine is a therapeutic option when patients with haloperidol-induced EPS are unable to tolerate a more gradual switch.
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