Effects of frost during grain filling on wheat yield and grain structure
作者:
M. G. Cromey,
D. S. C. Wright,
H. J. Boddington,
期刊:
New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science
(Taylor Available online 1998)
卷期:
Volume 26,
issue 4
页码: 279-290
ISSN:0114-0671
年代: 1998
DOI:10.1080/01140671.1998.9514065
出版商: Taylor & Francis Group
关键词: wheat;Triticum aestivum;frost;scanning electron microscopy;anatomy;yield;spike;grain
数据来源: Taylor
摘要:
A late frost occurred in the Southland region of New Zealand in November 1995 when many winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) crops were at early grain fill, and resulted in a large number of insurance claims for frost damage. In this study, frost damage was characterised. Spikes in affected crops were sharply tapered from a point half to two‐thirds from their bases. Grains were as much as 80% lighter in upper parts of affected spikes. Overall yield losses as a result of frost of between 13 and 33% were calculated in affected crops. Grains were sectioned and examined with a scanning electron microscope. Whereas in healthy grains, the layers making up the pericarp and testa were compressed, in frosted grains these layers comprised loosely compressed and unstructured networks of cells. The aleurone layer was less ordered in frosted than in normal grains, and was not always readily distinguished from the starchy endosperm. Rehydration of frosted grains was accompanied by expansion of pericarp and testa cells, whereas little cell expansion occurred in normal grains. Blisters were common in frosted grains, where the outer layers were detached from the remainder of the pericarp.
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