Structural as well as spectroscopic problems in condensed matter have been investigated by neutron scattering techniques which have proved to be a valuable method for the investigation of chemical problems. Most investigations were performed on crystalline solids, but more and more studies on amorphous material, solutions and adsorbed gases on surfaces are reported. The present article presents examples of structure determination, phase transitions, electron and magnetization densities, together with studies of molecular vibration and other results from neutron spectroscopy.