Prevalence of Myopia among 12- to 13-Year-Old Schoolchildren in Northern Mexico
作者:
GERARDO VILLARREAL,
JOSEFIN OHLSSON,
HUMBERTO CAVAZOS,
MATHS ABRAHAMSSON,
and JESUS MOHAMED,
期刊:
Optometry and Vision Science
(OVID Available online 2003)
卷期:
Volume 80,
issue 5
页码: 369-373
ISSN:1040-5488
年代: 2003
出版商: OVID
关键词: refractive error;myopia;prevalence;child;adolescence;Mexico;epidemiology;eyeglasses
数据来源: OVID
摘要:
Purpose.The aim of this article was to report the prevalence of refractive errors, mainly myopia, among 12- to 13-year-old children in a metropolitan setting in Mexico.Methods.A total of 1035 schoolchildren were examined in a field study in Monterrey, Mexico. The examination included best-corrected visual acuity and refraction during cycloplegia. A sample of the children was sent to a pediatric eye clinic and underwent cycloplegic refraction with an autorefractor.Results.We found a prevalence of myopia (≥−0.5 D SE) of 44%, whereas bilateral myopia was present in 37% of the children. In the total sample, high myopia (≥−5D) was found in 1.4%. The prevalence of myopia was significantly higher in girls. Only 20% of children with bilateral myopia used prescription glasses; 8% had prescribed glasses, but did not use them. Hyperopia (≥+1 D) was present in 6.0% of the total population, and astigmatism (≥−1.5 D) was present in 9.5%.Conclusions.The prevalence of myopia among 12- to 13-year-old children in Mexico is high. The majority of cases are low grade, and a large number of the myopic children do not have, or do not use, prescription glasses.
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