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Electrical and mechanical characterization of chemical vapor deposition of tungsten on sputter‐deposited TiN layers

 

作者: S. ‐L. Zhang,   R. Palmans,   C. S. Petersson,   K. Maex,  

 

期刊: Journal of Applied Physics  (AIP Available online 1995)
卷期: Volume 78, issue 12  

页码: 7313-7322

 

ISSN:0021-8979

 

年代: 1995

 

DOI:10.1063/1.360379

 

出版商: AIP

 

数据来源: AIP

 

摘要:

Tungsten (W) films are deposited from tungsten hexafluoride on sputter‐deposited TiN adhesion layers in a cold‐wall chemical vapor deposition reactor. The film resistivity of the W films is found to be thickness dependent. It decreases monotonically with increasing film thickness. Typical resistivity values of 40‐nm‐thick W films are about 19.3–23.4 &mgr;&OHgr; cm, depending on the structure of the underlying TiN layer used. The resistivity of a 980‐nm‐thick W film is 9.8 &mgr;&OHgr; cm. Oxygen and fluorine impurities, as well as structural difference in the W films are found to be the major causes for the resistivity variations. Lowering impurity level and/or increasing W crystallite size can decrease film resistivity. The stress of all the W films is found to be tensile, independent of the structure of the TiN layers. However, the absolute value of the stress is intimately associated with the structure of the TiN layers. The stress values can differ by a factor of more than 2 for the 40‐nm‐thick W films deposited on the different underlying TiN layers. The amplitude of stress also monotonically decreases with increasing film thickness. Consequently, the difference in stress induced by the difference in the underlying TiN layers gradually disappears as the film thickness increases. A strong correlation between the stress and the film texture is found. ©1995 American Institute of Physics.

 

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