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The pathogenesis and biochemistry of amyloidosis

 

作者: Alan S. Cohen,   Lawreen Heller Connors,  

 

期刊: The Journal of Pathology  (WILEY Available online 1987)
卷期: Volume 151, issue 1  

页码: 1-10

 

ISSN:0022-3417

 

年代: 1987

 

DOI:10.1002/path.1711510102

 

出版商: John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.

 

关键词: Amyloid;amyloidosis

 

数据来源: WILEY

 

摘要:

AbstractThe transformation of serum proteins into Congo red‐sensitive fibrillar material is requisite for the onset and progression of amyloid disease. All the mechanisms which lead to the disease itself have not been elucidated, but our knowledge has increased significantly. It is apparent that in all types of amyloid fibrils, three common features are displayed by the major protein constituents. These are that the fibril protein has (1) a serum precursor, (2) a high degree of anti‐parallel beta‐sheet conformation and (3) a distinctive ultrastructure on electron microscopy. In the AL and AA forms of amyloidosis, the putative precursors appear to undergo limited degradation to form the protein component of amyloid fibrils. It has been suggested that there may be certain primary structural characteristics inherent in precursor molecules which make them amyloidogenic, thus predisposing them to amyloid fibril formation.33This would include certain subtypes of immunoglobulin light chains, possibly kappa I and lambda VI, in the AL type of amyloidosis and one of the polymorphic SAA species, SAA2, which has been identified as the predominating isotype found in AA amyloid fibrils.32,33,110In AH amyloidosis, the mechanism of amyloid fibril formation appears to be simply a concentration phenomenon where elevated concentrations of B2‐M are not handled normally and amyloid deposition is the result. Amyloidogenesis in the hereditary form of systemic amyloidosis may involve other factors in addition to the presence of a variant precursor prealbumin as indicated by the delayed onset of the disease. It is evident that the elucidation of the mechanism(s) which governs the onset and progression of the amyloidoses will allow future regulation and treatment of these all too often complex di

 

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