The efficacy of IV versus SC administration of Glucantime® (100 mg/kg of body weight/day) was studied in 41 dogs with leishmaniasis without serious renal insufficiency. Remission was obtained in 35 dogs (85.4%) after 3 to 6 weeks of treatment but there was a relapse within 1 year in 26 dogs (74.3%). The median period of remission was 6 months. Cross‐over therapy resulted in remission in 17 of 20 dogs. The percentage of remission after initial and cross‐over therapy, the median relapse free period, and survival did not differ significantly between the two groups. There were very few complications and most were of minor clinical importance. Thrombophlebitis developed in one dog after IV injection. In dogs with leishmaniasis without serious renal insufficiency, there is a 75% probability of survival for more than 4 years following treatment with Glucantime®for 3 to 6 weeks, with additional treatment when relapses occur.