Abstract:These studies were performed to investigate the effects of MeHg on testicular function inMacaca fascicularismonkeys. In anin vivostudy involving oral treatment of adult malesMacaca fascicularismonkeys with MeHg for 20 weeks, changes in spermatozoal production, motility and morphology and in serum testosterone were followed before, during and after treatment. MeHg treatment significantly decreased% motile spermatozoa and scores for sperm speed and forward progression and increased % abnormal sperm tail forms, at sub‐neurotoxic levels. The MeHg‐induced increase in semen abnormalities was not accompanied by any significant changes in serum levels of testosterone. No consistent histological abnormalities were detected in testicular biopsies from the treated animals at the end of the treatment period. A good recovery pattern was observed for the MeHg effects on sperm motility while this was unclear for the effects on sperm morphol