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Egg and Larval Parasitism of the Grape Berry Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Three Grape Habitats in New York

 

作者: A. J. Seaman,   J. P. Nyrop,   T. J. Dennehy,  

 

期刊: Environmental Entomology  (OUP Available online 1990)
卷期: Volume 19, issue 3  

页码: 764-770

 

ISSN:0046-225X

 

年代: 1990

 

DOI:10.1093/ee/19.3.764

 

出版商: Oxford University Press

 

关键词: Insecta;biological control;Endopiza viteana;parasitoids

 

数据来源: OUP

 

摘要:

To describe parasitoids of grape berry moth,Endopiza viteanaClemens, infested grapes were collected during two seasons in three grape habitats: wild grapes (the native host), organically managed commercial vineyards, and conventionally managed commercial vineyards. Three species of egg and larval parasitoids were prominent among the (eight) species collected.Trichogramma pretiosumRiley, an egg parasitoid, was collected only during the second season whenE. viteanapopulations were high and was responsible for a large proportion of parasitoid-induced mortality that season. The larval parasitoidsGlypta muticaCushman andApanteles polychrosidisViereck caused low levels of mortality during both seasons. All of the major parasitoid species were collected in each habitat type. Neither levels of parasitism nor the number of parasitoid species collected were consistently higher in the more diverse wild grape habitat compared with the two grape monocultures, although on average, levels of parasitism were slightly higher in the wild grape habitat.G. muticawas responsible for a higher proportion of the overall parasitism in the wild than in the cultivated habitats, whereasA. polychrosidiswas responsible for a higher proportion of the parasitism in the cultivated habitats. The proportion of overall parasitism contributed byT. pretiosumwas equivalent across habitats. GatedE. viteanacohorts were used to estimate generational mortality in the egg and larval stages. Parasitoids were responsible for 12–42% mortality in three cohorts. Total mortality for the egg and larval stages was between 63 and 72%. The parasitoid complex and resulting level of parasitism at individual sites are influenced by factors independent of those we used to define the habitat types. No generalizations can be made about the expected species composition or level of parasitism in any of the habitats examined.

 

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