Evidence for Quaternary environmental changes in southern Africa has been obtained from palynologic, geomorphologic, and pedologic studies. It appears that in the Vaal and Orange drainage of the interior (26–30°S) colder periods with heavier precipitation alternated with wamer and drier periods, broadly synchronous with glacial and nonglacial trends in high latitudes of the northern hemisphere. By contrast, pedogenesis in the coastal regions (32–34°30′S) corresponded with warmer climates, whereas colder phases were relatively dry.