This paper reports the results of a study of organic milk production in Germany, based on a sample of 268 organic dairy farms with 7,990 cows. The average milk yield of these farms was 4,941 kg per cow per lactation. The organic cows on average were only 5.7 years old, and were milked for only 3.2 years. Concentrate feeding was moderate (average of 580 kg per cow per year). The diets consisted mainly of silages, hay, and fodder beets. On 60% of the sample farms, the cows were housed in tie stalls and 26% were confined all year round. The order of importance of herd health problems was the same as in conventional agriculture: mastitis, fertility disorders, and hoof diseases were the main problems (in descending order). Metabolic disorders, such as acetonaemia and milk fever were less frequent. Most commonly, diseases were treated by a mixture of methods, including conventional veterinary medicine (53%), homeopathy (27%), and other alternative methods, such as herb medicine and home remedies (20%).