Temperature-Dependent Functional Response of the ParasitoidCephalonomia waterstoni(Gahan) (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) Attacking Rusty Grain Beetle Larvae (Coleoptera: Cucujidae)
作者:
P. W. Flinn,
期刊:
Environmental Entomology
(OUP Available online 1991)
卷期:
Volume 20,
issue 3
页码: 872-876
ISSN:0046-225X
年代: 1991
DOI:10.1093/ee/20.3.872
出版商: Oxford University Press
关键词: Insecta;biological control;Cryptolestes ferrugineus;functional response
数据来源: OUP
摘要:
The effects of host density and temperature on the functional response of the bethylid parasitoidCephalonomia waterstoni(Gahan) attacking fourth-instar rusty grain beetle,Cryptolestes ferrugineus(Stephens) were examined. Five temperatures and six host densities were used. A type II functional response model was fit separately to each temperature. The maximum attack rate ranged from 7.5 larvae/12 h at 25°C, to 2.9 larvae/12 h at 38°C. Handling time and instantaneous search rate varied with temperature. A new functional response equation was developed in which handling time is a quadratic function of temperature. This equation explained 83% of the variation in attack rate. Although instantaneous search rate was also affected by temperature, it was sufficient to make only handling time a function of temperature because the two parameters were highly correlated.
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