Low‐temperature rubber: Emulsion polymerization in a salt antifreeze system
作者:
W. M. St. John,
C. A. Uraneck,
C. F. Fryling,
期刊:
Journal of Polymer Science
(WILEY Available online 1951)
卷期:
Volume 7,
issue 2‐3
页码: 159-173
ISSN:0022-3832
年代: 1951
DOI:10.1002/pol.1951.120070206
出版商: Interscience Publishers, Inc.
数据来源: WILEY
摘要:
AbstractButadiene‐styrene copolymers have been prepared at subfreezing temperatures by means of redox recipes employing inorganic salts as freezing point depressants. Specific salt‐emulsifier combinations are required for optimum rates of polymerizations. With a sufficient amount of the inorganic salt to lower the freezing point of water 10°C., the sodium chloride–potassium caprylate combination resulted in a 60% conversion in 4.6 hours, the calcium chloride–sodium hexyl sulfate combination resulted in a 41% conversion in 24 hours, and the calcium chloride–alkyl aryl polyether alcohol combination resulted in a 58% conversion in 18.5 hours.Low molecular weight mercaptans such astert‐butyl mercaptan can be employed as practical modifiers for this recipe.Certain of the physical properties of the salt antifreeze copolymers prepared at −10°C. are superior to those of copolymers prepared at the same temperature by means of conventional recipes. The ease of processing and the heat‐aged properties are exceptional. One copolymer after 24 hours of aging at 100°C. withstood 118,000 flexures before a puncture increased to one inch in length at 99°C. The superiority of the product is attributed to the precipitation of the copolymer during the course of
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