JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY, OCTOBER 1986, VOL. 1 155R ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY UPDATE REFERENCES The address given in a reference is that of the first named author and is not necessarily the same for any co-author. 861 8 61 461. 462. 8611463. 8611 464. 8611465. 8611 466. 8611467. 8611 468. 8611469. 86/ 1470, 8611471. Krull, I. S., Panaro, K. W., Trace analysis and speciation for methylated organotins by HPLC - hydride genera- tion - direct current plasma emission spectroscopy (HPLC - HY - DCP), Appl. Spectrosc., 1985, 39, 960. (Barnett Inst., Northeast. Univ., Boston, MA 02115, USA). Yan, D. R., Stumpp, E., Schwedt, G., Comparison of ion chromatography and atomic absorption spectrometry for metal ion analysis in wine and fruit juices, Fresenius Z . Anal. Chem., 1985, 322, 474.(Central South Coll. Min. Metall., Changsha, China). Algeo, J. D., Heine, D. R., Phillips, H. A., Hoek, F. B. G., Schneider, M. R., Freelin, J. M., Denton, M. 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M., Bendicho, C., Martinez, C., Determination of B in vegetal matter by AAS using direct atomisation of methyl borate as volatile phase, At. Spectrosc., 1985, 6, 152. (Dept. Anal. Chem., Sci. Fac., Univ.Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain). Slavin, W., Carnrick, G. R., A survey of applications of the stabilised temperature platform furnace and Zeeman correction, At. Spectrosc., 1985, 6, 157. (Perkin-Elmer Corp., 761 Main Ave., Norwalk, CT 06859, USA). 88003-0004, USA). 8611472. Blust, R., Van der Linden, A., Decleir, W., Microwave- aided dissolution of a biological matrix in AAS sample cups prior to graphite furnace analysis, At. Spectrosc., 1985,6,163. (Lab. for Biochem. and Gen. Zoology, Univ. Antwerp (RUCA), Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Ant- werp, Belgium). Roy, N. K., Das, A.-K., Ganguli, C. K., Determination of Sn in rocks and minerals by chelate extraction AAS, At. Spectrosc., 1985, 6, 166. (Chem. Lab., Geol. Survey of India, 27 J. L. Nehru Rd., Calcutta 700016, India).8611473. Papers 861C1474-86IC1602 were presented at the 1986 Pittsburgh Conference and Exposition on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Atlantic City, NJ, USA, 10th-14th March, 1986. 861C1474. Taylor, H. E., Inductively coupled plasma mass spec- trometry for the quantitative analysis of natural waters, (US Geol. Survey, 5293 Ward Rd., MS 407, Arvada, CO 80002, USA). 861C1475. Paulsen, P. J., Applications of ICP-MS to isotope dilution analysis of standard reference materials, (Inorganic Anal. Res. Div., Cent. Anal. Chem., National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA). 86/C1476. Hausler, D. W., Applications of ICP-MS in a petroleum laboratory, (Phillips Petroleum Co., Phillips Res. Cent., Bartlesville, OK 74004, USA). 86lC1477. Fassel, V.A., ICP-MS: past, present, future, (Ames Lab.-USDOE and Dept. Chem., Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 5001 1, USA). 861C1478. Houk, R. S., Fundamental principles of and instrumenta- tion for ICP-MS, (Ames Lab.-USDOE and Dept. 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R., Instrumental factors influencing the analytical performance of ICP-MS, (SCIEX, 55 Glen Cameron Rd., Unit 202, Thornhill, ON L3T 1P2, Canada). 861C1484. Quan, E. S. K., Liversage, R., Boorn, A. W., Gillson, G. R., Progress in elemental and isotopic analyses by ICP- MS, (SCIEX, 55 Glen Cameron Rd., Unit 202, Thornhill, ON L3T 1P2, Canada).156R JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY, OCTOBER 1986, VOL. 1 86/C 1485.Douglas, D. J., Quan, E. S. K., A comparison of peak hopping and multi-channel scaling modes of data acquisi- tion for isotope ratio determinations by ICP-MS, (SCIEX, 55 Glen Cameron Rd., Unit 202, Thornhill, ON L3T 1P2, Canada). 86lC1486. Wilson, D. A., Vickers, G. H., Mitchell, J. C., Rayson, G. D., Hieftje, G. M., Hofler, K. J., Precision isotope-ratio determinations on a new ICP-MS system, (Dept. Chem., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA). 861C1487. Faske, A. J . , Browner, R. F., Liquid chromatography and flow injection coupling for ICP-MS, using a monodisperse aerosol generation interface (MAGIC-LC - ICP - MS), (Sch. Chem., Georgia Inst. Technol., Atlanta, GA 30332, USA). 86/C1488. Vickers, G. H., Wilson, D. A., Hieftje, G. M., Hofler, K. J., The effect of plasma-generator frequency on induc- tively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, (Dept.Chem., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA). 86lC1489. Hutton, R. C., Cantle, J. E., Kelley, D. E., An examina- tion of apparent matrix effects in ICP-MS analysis, (VG Instruments Inc., 300 Broad St., Stamford, CT 06901, USA). 861C1490. Wohlers, C. C., Schleicher, R. G., Sainz, M. A., Nygaard, 86/C 86/C D. D., Reduction of interferences in inductively coupled plasma electrothermal vaporisation analysis (ICP-EVA), (Allied Analytical Systems, 590 Lincoln St., Waltham, MA 02254, USA). 491. Ono, A,, Chiba, K., Saeki, M., Fundamental studies on direct analysis of molten iron with inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry, (R & D Lab.-I, Nippon Steel Corp., 1618 Ida, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211, Japan).492. Schmertmann, S. M., Long, S. E., Browner, R. F., Fundamental studies of a graphite rod electrothermal vaporisation device for sample introduction in inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, (Sch. Chem., Georgia Inst. Technol., Atlanta, GA 30332, USA). 86/C1493. Barnes, R. M., Bakowska, E., Chen, Z. C., Chung, Y. S., Horvath, Z. Z., Kargacin, M., Wang, X., Sample prepara- tion and presentation in inductively coupled plasma spectrochemistry, (Univ. Massachusetts, Dept. Chem., GRC Towers, Amherst, MA 01003-0035, USA). 86/C 86/C 494. Hieftje, G. M., Fundamental investigations and instrumen- tal developments in ICP spectrochemistry, (Dept. Chem., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA). 495. Patel, B. M., Winefordner, J.D., Spectral characteristics of a glow discharge atomisation source for atomic fluores- cence spectrometry, (Dept. Chem., Univ. Florida, Gainesville, FL 3261 1, USA). 86/C1496. Goulter, J. E., Durrant, K., Cooley, B. W., The applica- tion of glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy to the elemental depth profiling of coated steels, (Applied Research Laboratories Inc., 9545 Wentworth St., Sun- land, CA 91040, USA). 86/C1497. Winefordner, J. D., Fluorescence measurements in ICP, (Dept. Chem., Univ. Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA). 86/C1498. Marcus, R. K., Harrison, W. W., Hollow cathode plume atomic emission analysis of compacted samples, (Dept . Chem., Univ. Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA). 86/C1499. Horlick, G., Tan, S. H., Vaughan, M.A., Lam, J., Shao, Y ., The analytical characteristics and capabilities of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, (Dept . Chem., Univ. Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada). 86/C1500. Lovett, R. J., Analyte transport in an ICP, (Dept. Chem., North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND 58105, USA). 86/C1501. Lysakowski, R. S., Jr., Dessy, R. E., Long, G. L., Laser-induced fluorescence in a microwave induced plas- ma-LIF-MIP, (Dept. Chem., Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061. USA). 86/C1502. Perkins, L. D., Lysakowski, R. S., Jr., Long, G. L., The application of atomic fluorescence spectrometry to GC- MIP determinations, (Dept. Chem., Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA). 86/C1503. Goldberg, J., Carney, K., Allston, R., Imploding thin film atom cells for the direct analysis of solids, (Univ.Vermont, Dept. Chem., Burlington, VT 05405, USA). 86/C1504. Atkins, J. W., Smith, P. B., The analysis of complex alloyed steels using a glow discharge lamp optical emission spectrometer, (Hilger Analytical Ltd., Westwood, Mar- gate, Kent, UK). 86/C1505. Pearson, K. H., Schermaier, A. J., Tytko, S. A., Assess- ment of levels of metal contamination from blood collec- tion tubes, (Dept. Chem., Cleveland State Univ., Cleve- land, OH 44115, USA). 86K1506. Rayson, G. D., Parisi, A. F., Hieftje, G. M., Spatial and temporal investigation of atomisation and molecular recombination mechanisms within a power modulated ICP, (Dept. Chem., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 86/C1507.Marshall, K. A., Hieftje, G. M., Determination of electron concentrations and energies in an ICP via multi-channel Thomson scattering, (Dept. Chem., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405-4001, USA). 86/C1508. Batie, W. C., Sellek, D. A., ICP-economic factors-a 40 MHz, low-flow, low-power plasma, (Labtest Equipment Co., 11828 La Grange Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA). 861C1509. Walker, Z. H., Blades, M. W., Level population measure- ments on analyte atom and ion excited states in the inductively coupled plasma, (Dept. Chem., 2036 Main Mall, Univ. British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Y6, Canada). 86/C1510. Hubert, J., Tra, H. V., Baudais, F. L., Detection of atomic emission in the ultraviolet using a Fourier transform spectrophotometer, (Chem. Dept., Univ. Montreal, PO Box 6828, Station A, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada).86lC1511. Fogg, T. R., Li, K. P., Hilderbrand, K., 3 Dimensional emission profiles of an ICP, (Science Applications Interna- tional Corp., 476 Prospect St., La Jolla, CA 92038, USA). 86/C1512. Hites, B., Mitchell, J., Parisi, A. F., Rayson, G. D., Hieftje, G. M., An integrated tool for studying 2-dimen- sional transient images of various spectroscopic sources, (Dept. Chem., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405- 4001, USA). 47405-4001, USA). I 86lC1513. Monnig, C. A,, Marshall, K. A., Rayson, G. D., Hieftje, G. M., Spatially resolved studies of the inductively coupled plasma via tomographic reconstructions-I. Theory, (Dept. Chem., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405- 4001, USA). 861C1514. Marshall, K.A., Monnig, C. A., Rayson, G. D., Hieft-ie, G. 86/C 86/C M., Studies of the inductively coupled plasma via iomo- graphic reconstruction-11. Experimental system, (Dept. Chem., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405-4001, USA). 515. Blades, M. W., Burton, L. L., Computer simulation of ICP spectra-a new tool for the study of excitation, emission and line overlap, (Dept. Chem., 2036 Main Mall, Univ. British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Y6, Canada). 516. Voth-Beach, L. M., The determination of trace elements in biological samples by atomic absorption techniques, (Varian Instrument Group, AARC, 205 W. Touhy Ave., Park Ridge, IL 60068, USA).JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY. OCTOBER 1986, VOL. 1 157R 86/C1517. Seward, D. R., O’Haver, T. C., Harnly, J.M., High-speed data acquisition for atomic spectroscopy using a minicom- puter, (Chem. Dept., Univ. Maryland, College Park. MD 20742, USA). 86/C1518. Churella, D. J., Gilbert, T. R., Determination of trace elements in used lubricating oils by graphite filament plasma emission spectrosyopy, (Dept. Chem., North- eastern Univ., Boston, MA\02115, USA). 86/C1519. Ivancic, W. A., Grieser, D. R., Corliss, J. M., Barnes, R. H., Optical spectroscopic studies in a pulse combustion furnace, (Battelle, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA). 86iC1520. Gilbert, T. R., Sandoval, J., Yurko, R. J., Direct determination of trace elements in viscous fluids by ARC emission spectroscopy using a novel rotating disk elec- trode, (Dept. Chem., Northeastern Univ., Boston, MA 02115, USA).86/C1521. Kerkhoff, J., Genna, J. L., Burr, R., Analysis of seleniu- m(1V) and selenium(V1) with a continuous flow induc- tively coupled plasma emission spectrometer system, (Alcoa Technical Center, Alcoa Center, PA 15069, USA). 86C1.522. Faske, A. J., Browner, R. F., Performance of a monodis- perse aerosol generator (MAG) in ICP-OES, (Sch. Chem., Georgia Inst. Techno]. , Atlanta, GA 30332, USA). 86iC1523. Algeo, J. D., Childers, C. M., Goulter, J. E., Radey, T. K., Rentner, J. R., Routh, M. W., Satogami, S., Tasker, D. B., Tikkanen, M. W., Wilhelrn, J. R., ICP-Fourier transform spectrometry: analytical tool or scientific curiosity?, (Applied Research Laboratories, Inc., 9545 Wentworth St., Sunland. CA 91040, USA). 86/C1524. Olesik, J. W., Olesik, S. V., Supercritical fluid-based sample introduction for inductively coupled plasma atomic spectroscopy, (Dept.Chem., Venable and Kenan Labora- tories, Univ. North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA). 86/C1525. Gentry, J. S., Boss, C. B., Investigations on analyte transport in a direct current plasma, (Dept. Chem., North Carolina State Univ., Box 8204. Raleigh, NC 276958204, USA). 86/C1526. Winn, D. H., Koropchak, J. A., Thermospray sample introduction for atomic spectrometry, (Dept. Chem. Biochem., Southern Illinois Univ., Carbondale, IL 62901, USA). 86/C1527. Borst, J. E., Goulter, J. E., Tasker, D. B., Characterisa- tion and application of a new ultrasonic nebuliser for the ICP, (Applied Research Laboratories Inc., 9545 Went- worth St., Sunland, CA 91040, USA). 86/C1528.Miller, J. R., Long, S. E., Browner, R. F., In search of the 86iC 86/C optimum droplet- size for inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry, (Sch. Chem., Georgia Inst. Tech- nol., Atlanta. GA 30332, USA). 529. Legere, G., Burgener, P., Optimisation of aerosol baffle and chamber when used with the Legere nebuliser, (Technical Service Lab., 1301 Fewster Drive, Mississauga, Ontario L4W 1A2, Canada). 530. Dokiya, Y., Yoshirnura, E., Toda, S., Determination of alkaline earth metals in rain samples by ICP emission spectrometry, (Meteorol. Res. Inst., Nagamine, Yatabe, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan). 86/C1531. Pfeil, D. L., Schleicher, R. G., Smith, S. B., Jr., Computer control of graphite furnace atomic absorption parameters, (Allied Analytical Systems, 590 Lincoln St., Waltham, MA 02154, USA).86C1532. Tarter, J. G., Maketon, S., Ion chromatography with indirect atomic spectrophotometric detection, (Dept. Chem., North Texas State Univ., Denton, TX 762034068, USA). 86X1.533. Sainz, M. A., Schleicher, R. G., Belmore, R. J., Beaty, J. S., Smith, S. B., Jr., In situ molten metal analysis, (Allied Analytical Systems, 590 Lincoln St., Waltham, MA 02154, USA). 86iC1.534. Edwards, A. G., Boss, C. B., An investigation of the signal enhancing mechanisms in tandem flame spectrometry, (North Carolina State Univ., Dept. Chem., Box 8204, Raleigh, NC 276958204, USA). 86/C1535. Satzger, R. D., Fricke, F. L., Caruso, J. A., Elemental analysis with a quadrupole mass spectrometer using a moderate power microwave induced plasma as an ion source, (Elemental Analysis Res.Cent., FDA, 1141 Central Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45202, USA). 861C1536. Benedetti, M. F., Kersabiec de, A. M., Trace elements determination in geological samples using ICP source spectrometry, (Laboratoire de GCochimie et MCtallogCnie (UA CNRS 196), Universitk Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France). 86/C1537. Miller-Ihli, N. J., Comparison of ashing techniques for the preparation of biological samples for AAS, (Nutrient Composition Lab., BHNRC, Agricultural Res. Service, US Dept. of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA). 861C1538. McCreary, T. W., Yoon, R., Long, G. L., The effect or organic gases on molecular formation reactions in the DCP, (Dept. Chem., Virginia Polytechnic Inst., State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA).86/C1539. Lysakowski, R. S., Jr., Dessy, R. E., An improved microwave induced nitrogen plasma at 1 atmosphere, (Dept. Chem., Virginia Polytechnic Inst., State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA). 86/C1540. Delles, F. M., Brodie, K. G., Application of a centralised control graphite furnace AA spectrophotometer to the measurement of trace metals in foods, (Varian Instrument Group, AARC, 205 W. Touhy Ave., Park Ridge, IL 60068, USA). 86/C1541. Kane, J. S., McClain, R., Graphite furnace atomic absorption determination of trace elements in massive sulphides, (US Geological Survey, Reston, VA 22092, USA). 86/C1542. Schlemmer, G., Welz, B., Determination of selenium in biological materials using graphite furnace AAS with Zeeman-effect background correction, (Dept .Applied Research, Bodenseewerk Perkin-Elmer & Co. GmbH, D-7770 Uberlingen, FRG). 86/C1543. Carnrick, G. R., Barnett, W. B., Slavin, W., Factors affecting graphite furnace characteristic mass, (Perkin- Elmer Corp., 901 Ethan Allen Highway, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA). 86/C1544. Monnig, C. A., Hieftje, G. M., Coherent forward scatter- ing of laser radiation from a graphite tube atomiser, (Dept. Chem., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, Indiana 47405-4001, USA). 86/C1545. Holcornbe, J. A., Black, S. S., Riddle, M. R., Monte Carlo simulation of processes in graphite furnace atomisation, (Dept. Chem., Univ. Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA). 86iC1.546. Harnly, J. M., Peak parameters as diagnostics for carbon furnace AAS, (US Dept. Agriculture, Agricultural Res.Service, Beltsville Human Nutrition Res. Center, Nutrient Composition Lab., Building 161, BARC-E, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA). 86X1.547. Schlemmer, G., Welz, B., Tube materials for electrother- mal atomisation - lifetime and analytical performance, (Dept. Applied Research, Bodenseewerk Perkin-Elmer & Co. GmbH, D-7770 Uberlingen, FRG). 86iC1548. Droessler, M. S., Holcombe, J. A., Spectral interferences and chemical interactions associated with selenium deter- minations by GFAA, (Dept. Chem., Univ. of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA).158R JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY, OCTOBER 1986, VOL. 1 86/C1549. Pitluck, M. R., Haworth, D. T., Pollard, B. D., Metal - fulvic acid stability constant determinations by flow-injec- tion analysis atomic absorption spectroscopy, (Chem.Dept., Marquette Univ., 535 N. 14th St., Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA). 86/C1550. Kane, J. S., Dorrzapf, A. F., Jr., Crandell, W., Analysis of hydrothermal sulphide deposits using inductively coupled argon plasma atomic emission spectrometry, (US Geolog- ical Survey, Reston, VA 22092, USA). 86/C1551. Patel, B. K., Single laboratory evaluation of inductively coupled plasma optical emission method 6010, (Lockheed Engineering and Management Services Co., Las Vegas, NV 89109, USA). 86/C1552. Tikkanen, M. W., Algeo, J. D., Goulter, J. E., Routh, M. W., New analytical strategies using a practical inductively coupled plasma Fourier transform spectrometer, (Applied Research Laboratories Inc., 9545 Wentworth St., Sun- land, CA 91040, USA).86/C1553. Rubright, L. A,, Centrella, K. R., Analysis of antimonial battery alloys by DCP, (General Battery Corp., Technical Center, PO Box 1262, Reading, PA 19603, USA). 86/C1554. Rutstrom, D. J., Flinchbaugh, D. A,, Determination of overlay and alloy layer compositions of A1 - Zn coatings, (Corporate Technology, Bethlehem Steel Corp., Beth- lehem, PA 18017, USA). 86/C1555. Dalton, J. I., A general fusion - ICP method for the analysis of bauxites, bayer muds and related materials, (Reynolds Metals Co., Richmond, VA 23261, USA). 86/C1556. Weiss, A. D., Boss, C. B., Study of interferences in tandem flame spectroscopy, (Dept. Chem., North Carolina State Univ., Box 8204, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204, USA). 861C1557. Murphy, L. C., Stux, R. L., Lieghty, D. A., Application of Smith - Hieftje background correction to flame AAS, (Allied Analytical Systems, 590 Lincoln St., Waltham, MA 02254, USA).861C1558. Davis, L. A., Krupa, R. J., Winefordner, J. D., Laser excited coherent forward scattering atomic spectrometry, (Dept. Chem., Univ. Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA). 86/C1559. Nygaard, D. D., Schleicher, R. G., Murphy, L. C., Sotera, J. J., Analysis or organic solvents by ICP emission spectrometry, (Allied Analytical Systems, 590 Lincoln St., Waltham, MA 02254, USA). 86/C1560. Lancione, R. L., Evans, S. J., Optimisation of ICP atomic fluorescence spectrometry for the determination of metals in organic solvents, (Baird Corp., Bedford, MA 01730, USA). 86/C1561. Keane, J. M., Fry, R. C., Red and near-infrared photo- diode array atomic emission spectrograph for the simul- taneous determination of C, H, N, 0, F, CI, Br, I and S in gas chromatographic effluent, (Dept.Chem., Willard Hall, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506, USA). 86/C1562. Susil, H. M., Janiszewski, F. W., Maskery, D., Maggs, S. R., A rapid and highly versatile procedure for analysis of metallurgical samples using sodium peroxide fusion and ICP-AES, (INCO Ltd., Central Process Technology, Copper Cliff, Ontario POM 1N0, Canada). 86lC1563. Krupa, R. J., Smith, B. W., Winefordner, J. D., Burner design and applications of laminar, high temperature diffusion flames for atomic spectrometry, (Dept. Chem., Univ. Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA). 86lC 86/C 564. Liddell, P. R., Athanasopoulos, N., Grey, R. G., The effect of background correction speed on the accuracy of AAS measurements, (GBC Scientific Equipment Pty.Ltd., 22 Brooklyn Ave., Dandenong, Victoria 3175, Australia). 565. Graves, G. A., Mincey, D. W., A comparison of Zeeman and Smith - Hieftje background correction systems, (Dept. Chem., Youngstown State Univ., Youngstown, OH 44555, USA). 86/C1566. Pearce, M. J., Edwards, A. G., Boss, C. B., Measurement of rise velocities in premix laminar flames by electrostatic aerosol modulation, (Dept. Chem., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA). 86/C1567. Barnett, W. B., Tomasiewicz, S. P., Hager, D. G., User interface design for atomic absorption instruments, (Per- kin-Elmer Corp., 901 Ethan Allen Highway, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA). 86/C1568. O’Haver, T. C., Kindervater, J., Calibration in conti- nuum-source AA by curve-fitting the transmission profile, (Dept.Chem., Univ. Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA). 86/C1569. Halicz, L., Brenner, I. B., Slurry injection inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (SIICP- AES) for analysis of geological materials-quantitative appraisal of interference effects, (Geochem. Div., Geolog- ical Survey of Israel, 30 Malkhe Israel St., Jerusalem 95501, Israel). 86/C1570. Pacey, G. E., Straka, M. R., Gord, J. R., Dual phase gas diffusion flow injection analysis: hydride generation atomic absorption spectroscopy, (Dept. Chem., Miami Univ., Oxford, OH 45056, USA). 86/C1571. Park, D. A., Parsons, M. L., Evaluation of ICP-AES for the analysis of Ga and GaAs, (Dept. Chem., Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ 85287, USA).86/C1572. Shrader, D. E., Moore, J., Hoobin, D., A new approach towards analytical data handling in low-cost AA, (Varian Instrument Group, AARC, 205 W. Touhy Ave., Park Ridge, IL 60068, USA). 86/C1573. Klueppel, R. J., Spencer, J. L., Plankey, F. W., An on-line air plasma spectrometer for process control, (Baird Corp., 125 Middlesex Turnpike, Bedford, MA 01730, USA). 86/C1574. De Menna, G. J., Marasco, J. P., The speciation and structure elucidation of transition metal complexes by liquid chromatography - DC plasma, (Beckman Instru- ments, Inc., 45 Belmont Drive, Somerset, NJ 08873, USA). 86/C1575. Chan, S.-K., Montaser, A., Analytical performance of an annular helium inductively coupled plasma generated in a low gas flow torch, (Dept.Chem., The George Washing- ton Univ., Washington, DC 20052, USA). 86/C1576. Bolton, J. S., Long, G. L., The effect of organic gases on atomic signals in ICP-AFS, (Dept. Chem., Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA). 86/C1577. Pruszkowski, E., Yates, D. A., Ediger, R. D., Anderau, C., Optimisation of automated instrumentation for trace metal determination in oil, (Perkin-Elmer Corp., 901 Ethan Allen Highway, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA). 86/C1578. Buckley, B. T., Boss, C. B., Modification of a Jarrell-Ash FLA-100 graphite furnace for use as a vaporisation source in plasma emission spectroscopy, (Dept. Chem., North Carolina State Univ., Box 8204, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204, USA). 86/C1579. Urasa, I. T., Ferede, F., Onyari, J. M., Determination of arsenic, phosphorus and selenium using ion chromato- graphy - direct current plasma spectrometry, (Chem.Dept., Hampton Univ., Hampton, VA 23668, USA). 86IC1580. Bilhorn, R. B., Denton, M. B., Charge injection device detection in atomic emission analysis, (Dept. Chem., Univ. Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA). 86/C1581. Angelis, C. T., Automated arsenic analysis using hydride generation and atomic absorption, (US Borax Research Corp., 412 Crescent Way, Anaheim, CA 92801, USA). 86/C1582. Druon, C., Automatic sampling instrumentation in ICP spectroscopy, (Gilson Medical Electronics, SA, 72 rue Gambetta, 95400 Villiers le Bel, France). 86/C1583. Dowds, E. A., Grant, G. C., Determination of trace elements in weathered flyash, (College of William and Mary, Research Campus, 12070 Jefferson Ave., Newport News, VA 23606, USA).JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY.OCTOBER 1986. VOL. 1 159R 861C1584. Hassett, D. J., Hassett, D. F., The analysis of fly ash by atomic absorption spectroscopy using non-optimum instrument conditions, (Univ. North Dakota, Engineering Experiment Station, Box 8103, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA). 86/C1585. Supp, G. R., Background effects in the determination of acid soluble lead in magnesium aluminium silicate by atomic absorption spectroscopy, (R. T. Vanderbilt Co. Inc., PO Box 5150, Norwalk, CT 06856, USA). 86/C1586. Pathiratne, K. A. S., Lovett, R. J., Isotope differentiation using atomic absorption spectrometry, (Dept. Chem., North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND 58105, USA). 86/C1587.Saunders, C. W., Pleban, P. A., Investigation of nickel as a matrix-modifier in the atomic absorption analysis of tin, (Dept. Chem. Sci., Old Dominion Univ., Norfolk, VA 23508, USA). 861C1588. Holcombe, J. A., McNally, J., The dependence of analy- tical peak shapes in GFAA on microscopic character of the deposited sample, (Dept. Chem., Univ. Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA). 861C1589. Voellkopf, U., Radziuk, B., Computer-assisted optimisa- tion of flame AAS performance characteristics, (Bodenseewerk Perkin-Elmer & Co. GmbH, D-7770 Uberlingen, FRG). 861C1590. Chow, B. C., Miroff, G. C., Determination of trace mercury in blood and erythrocyte by cold vapour atomic absorption spectroscopy (CVAAS), (Consultant, 19309 Poinsetta Court, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA).861C1591. Brown, P. G., Workman, J. M., Caruso, J. A., Determina- tion of electron density in a moderate-power argon MIP, (Dept. Chem., Univ. Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA). 86/C1592. Kidani, Y., Inagaki, K., Hirose, J., Noji, M., Indirect determination of antitumor platinum complex by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, (Fac. Pharmaceutical Sci., Nagoya City Univ., 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467, Japan). 86/C1593. Selby, M., Galante, L. J., Rezaaiyaan, R., Hieftje, G. M., Microwave-induced plasma detectors for chromato- graphy: the surfatron takes on the Beenakker cavity, (Dept. Chem., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405- 4001, USA). 861C1594. Joshi, B. M., Letourneau, V. A., Shah, R. S., Comparison between Zeeman effect and double-beam background correction methods for graphite furnace AA determina- tion of EPA priority pollutants, (Lockheed Engineering and Management Services Co.Inc., PO Box 15027, Las Vegas, NV 89114, USA). 86K1595. Luk, K. K., Boss, C. B., Thermal vaporisation from filaments for sample introduction in MIP, (Dept. Chem., North Carolina State Univ., Box 8204, Raleigh, NC 86/C1596. Selby, M., Rezaaiyaan, R., Hieftje, G. M., Spatial emis- sion properties of a surfatron-sustained plasma, (Dept . Chem., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405-4001, USA). 861C1597. Perpall, H. J., Uden, P. C., Hagen, D. F., Marhevka, J. S., Elemental analysis of solids by direct sampling microwave induced plasma emission spectrometry, (Dept. Chem., Lederle GRC Towers, Univ. Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA).861C1598. Workman, J. M., Brown, P. G., Caruso, J. A., Electron number density determinations in a novel laminar-flow microwave-induced plasma, (Dept. Chem., Univ. Cincin- nati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA). 861C1599. Harada, Y., Koga, T., Teragaki, T., Muto, H., Ito, T., Desk top ICP-AES, (Scientific Instruments Div., Oyama Plant SEIKO I&E, 36-1, Takenosita, Oyama-Cho, Sunto- Gun, Shizuoka 410-13, Japan). 27695-8204, USA). 861C1600. Bartelt, J., Hieftje, G. M., A helium direct current capillary arc and microarc atomiser for atomic emission spectroscopy, (Dept. Chem., Indiana Univ., Blooming- ton, IN 47405-4001, USA). 861C1601. Burns, B. A., Boss, C. B., Efficiency in a microwave plasma: where does the power go?, (Dept. Chem., North Carolina State Univ., Box 8204, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204, USA).86/C1602. Bauer, C. F., Speciation of trace carbonate minerals by evolved gas analysis using microwave plasma, (Dept. Chem., Univ. New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA). 8611603. 861 1604. 86/1605. 861 1 606. 86/ 1607. 8611608. 861 86/ 609. 610. 861161 1 . 861 161 2. 8611623. 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Chem., The George Washington Univ., Washington, DC 20052, USA). LaFrenier, K. E., Rice, G. W., Fassel, V. A., Flow injection analysis with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy: critical comparison of conventional pneumatic, ultrasonic and direct injection nebulisation, Spectrochim.Acta, Part B , 1985, 40, 1495. (Ames Lab.- USDOE and Dept. Chem., Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 5001 1, USA). Gray, A. L., The ICP as an ion source-rigins, achieve- ments and prospects, Spectrochim. Acta, Part B , 1985,40, 1525. (Dept . Chem . , Univ . Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH, UK). McDonald, D. C., Sullivan, J. V., Tobin, R. C., Reduction of ground state atom concentration in a boosted output discharge lamp, Spectrochim. Acta, Part B , 1985,40,1599. (CSIRO, Div. Chemical Physics, PO Box 160, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia). Skogerboe, R. K., Butcher, G. B., Aerosol ionic redistri- bution: the ionisation repression effect revisited, Spectro- chim. Acta, Part B , 1985, 40, 1631. 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Chem., Carleton Univ., Ottawa, Ontario KlS 5B6, Canada).861 861 160R 8611614. 8611 615. 8611616. 8611 617. 8611 618. 8611 61 9. 8611 620. 8611621. 622. 623. 8611624. 8611625. 8611626. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY, OCTOBER 1986, VOL. 1 Littlejohn, D., Duncan, I. S., Hendry, J. B. M., Marshall, J., Ottaway, J. M., Comparison of uncoated, pyro-coated and totally pyrolytic graphite tubes for the HGA-500 electrothermal atomiser, Spectrochim. Acta, Part B , 1985, 40, 1677. (Dept. Pure and Applied Chem., Univ. Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral St., Glasgow G1 lXL, UK). Barnett, W. B., Bohler, W., Carnrick, G. R., Slavin, W., Signal processing and detection limits for graphite furnace atomic absorption with Zeeman background correction, Spectrochim.Acta, Part B , 1985,40, 1689. (Perkin-Elmer Corp., 901 Ethan Allen Highway, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA). MacDonald, R. W., O’Brien, M. 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Smith, F., Cousins, B., Bozic, J., Flora, W., The acid dissolution of sulphide mineral samples under pressure in a microwave oven, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1985, 177, 243. (Chem. Dept., Laurentian Univ., Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada). Grognard, M., Piolon, M., Acid pre-treatment - fusion method for determination of thallium in city waste incineration fly ash by Zeeman atomic absorption spec- trometry, At. Spectrosc., 1985, 6 , 142. (Municipal Lab., Stadhuis, 8400 Ostende, Belgium). Alvarado, J., Campos, F., Ottaway, J.M., Determination of trace levels of calcium in steels by carbon furnace atomic absorption and atomic emission spectrometry, Talanta, 1986, 33, 61. (Chem. Dept., Simon Bolivar Univ., Apartado 80659, Caracas 1080, Venezuela). Kallmann, S., Analysis of sweeps. The cuprous sulphide collecting system, Talanta, 1986, 33, 75. (Ledoux & Co., 359 Alfred Ave., Teaneck, NJ 07666, USA). 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Chem., Willard Hall, Kamas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506, USA). 8611 627. 8611628. 861 1629. 8611630. 8611631. 8611632. 861 1633. 8611634. 8611635. 861 861 636. 637. 8611638. Luffer, D.R., Salin, E. D., Rapid throughput nebuliser - spray chamber system for inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, Anal. Chem., 1986, 58, 654. (Dept. Chem., McGill Univ., 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2K6, Canada). Craney, C. L., Swartout, K., Smith, F. W., 111, West, C. D., Improvement of trace aluminium determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry using phosphoric acid, Anal. Chem., 1986,58,656. (Dept. Chem., Occidental Coll., Los Angeles, CA 90041, USA). Radojevic, M., Allen, A., Rapsomanikis, S., Harrison, R. M., Propylation technique for the simultaneous determi- nation of tetraalkyllead and ionic alkyllead species by gas chromatography - atomic absorption spectrometry, Anal. Chem., 1986, 58, 658. (Dept.Chem., Univ. Essex, Colchester, Essex C04 3SQ, UK). Halicz, L., Russell, G. M., Simultaneous determination, by hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, of arsenic, antimony, selenium and tellurium in silicate rocks containing the noble metals and in sulphide ores, Analyst, 1986, 111, 15. (Geological Survey of Israel, 30 Malkhe Israel St., Jerusalem, Israel). Barron, D. C., Haynes, B. W., Determination of gallium in phosphorus flue dust and other materials by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, Analyst, 1986, 111,19. (US Dept. Interior, Bureau of Mines, 4900 Lasalle Rd., Avondale, MD 20782, USA). Timperley, M. H., Priscu, J. C., Determination of nitrogen-15 by optical emission spectrometry using an atomic absorption spectrometer, Analyst, 1986, 111, 23.(Taupo Res. Lab., Div. Marine and Freshwater Sci., Dept. Scientific and Industrial Res., PO Box 415, Taupo, New Zealand). Burguera, M., Burguera, J. L., Flow injection - hydride generation system for the determination of arsenic by molecular emission cavity analysis, Analyst, 1986, 111, 171. (Departamento de Quimica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Apartado Postal 542, Merida 5101-A, Venezuela). Davies, J. A., Jefferies, A. C., Size distribution of particulate matter in exhaust gases in inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, Analyst, 1986, 111, 221. (Anal. Chem. Branch, Chem. and Explosives Div., MOD(PE), AWRE, Aldermaston, Berkshire RG7 4PR, UK). Walton, S. J., Sequential determination of arsenic, anti- mony and bismuth in low-alloy steels by hydride genera- tion inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spec- trometry, Analyst, 1986, 111, 225.(Applied Research Laboratories, Wingate Rd. Luton, Bedfordshire LU4 8PU, UK). Gal, I., Halicz, L., Determination of rock-forming ele- ments in the presence of large amounts of uranium and zirconium using inductively coupled plasma atomic emis- sion spectrometry, Analyst, 1986, 111, 227. (Geological Survey of Israel, 30 Malkhe Israel St., Jerusalem 95501, Israel). Branch, C. H., Hutchison, I)., Comparison between isobutyl methyl ketone and diisobutyl ketone for the solvent extraction of gold and its determination in geolog- ical materials using atomic absorption spectrometry, Analyst, 1986, 111, 231.(British Geological Survey, 64 Gray’s Inn Rd., London WClX 8NG, UK). Abdillahi, M. M., Snook, R. D., Determination of bromide using a helium microwave induced plasma with bromine generation and electrothermal vaporisation for sample introduction, Analyst, 1986, 111, 265. (Dept. Chem., Imperial College of Sci. Technol., London SW7 2AY, UK).JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY, OCTOBER 1986, VOL. 1 161R 8611 639, 861 1640. 86/1641. 861 1642. 8611643. 8611644. 861 1645. 861 1646. 8611 647. 861 861 648. 649. 8611 650. Dittrich, K., Mandry, R., Investigations into the improve- ment of the analytical application of the hydride technique in atomic absorption spectrometry by matrix modification and graphite furnace atomisation. Part I. Analytical results, Analyst, 1986, 111,269.(Karl-Marx-Univ., Chem. Section, Analytical Centre, Talstrasse 35, 7010 Leipzig, GDR). Dittrich, K., Mandry, R., Investigations into the improve- ment of the analytical application of the hydride technique in atomic absorption spectrometry by matrix modification and graphite furnace atomisation. Part 11. Matrix interfer- ences in the gaseous phase of hydride atomic absorption spectrometry, Analyst, 1986, 111,277. (Karl-Marx-Univ., Chem. Section, Analytical Centre, Talstrasse 35, 7010 Leipzig, GDR). Parisis, N. E., Heyndrickx, A., Method for improving the sensitivity and reproducibility of hydride-forming ele- ments by atomic absorption spectrometry, Analyst, 1986, 111,281. (Dept. Toxicology, State Univ. Gent, Hospitaal- straat 13, 9000 Ghent, Belgium).Falk, H., Hoffmann, E., Ludke, C., Ottaway, J. M., Littlejohn, D., Studies on the determination of cadmium in blood by furnace atomic non-thermal excitation spec- trometry, Analyst, 1986,111,285. (Central Inst. for Optics and Spectroscopy, Acad. of Sci. GDR, Rudower Chaussee 5 , 1199 Berlin, GDR). Le Houillier, R., De Blois, C., Alkyl cyanide medium for the determination of precious metals by atomic absorption spectrometry, Analyst, 1986, 111, 291. (Ministere de 1’Energie et des Ressources, Centre de Recherches Miner- ales, 2700 Rue Einstein, Sainte-Foy, Qukbec G1P 3W8, Canada). Iwamoto, E., Inoike, Y., Yamamoto, Y., Hayashi, Y., Interferences of antimony(V) in the differentiation of antimony(II1) from antimony(V) by extraction with ammonium tetramethylenedithiocarbamate using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, Analyst, 1986, 111, 295.(Dept. Chem., Fac. Sci., Hiroshima Univ., Hiroshima 730, Japan). Krull, I. S., Bushee, D. S., Schleicher, R. G., Smith, S. B., Jr., Determination in inorganic and organomercury com- pounds by high-performance liquid chromatography - inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry with cold vapour generation, Analyst, 1986, 111, 345. (Barnett Inst. Chemical Anal. and Dept. Chem., Northeastern Univ., 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA). Puri, B. K., Gupta, A. K., Katyal, M., Satake, M., AA determination of cadmium and lead complexes adsorbed on naphthalene, Znt. Lab., 1985, NovJDec., 60. (Dept. Chem., Indian Inst. Technol., New Delhi, India). Marshall, J., Baxter, D.C., Carroll, J., Cook, S., Corr, S. P., Giri, S. K., Durie, D., Littlejohn, D., Ottaway, J. M., Stephen, S. C., Wright, S., The probe furnace in atomic spectrometry, Anal. Proc., 1985,22,371. (Dept. Pure and Applied Chem., Univ. Strathclyde, Cathedral St., Glas- gow G1 IXL, UK). Littlejohn, D., Stephen, S. C., Ottaway, J. M., Slurry sample introduction procedures for the analysis of food- stuffs by electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption spectroscopy, Anal. Proc., 1985,22,376. (Dept. Pure and Applied Chem., Univ. Strathclyde, Cathedral St., Glas- gow G1 lXL, UK). Hill, S., Ebdon, L., Jones, P., Novel approaches to directly coupled high-performance liquid chromatography - flame atomic absorption spectrometry for trace metal speciation, Anal. Proc., 1986, 23, 6.(Dept. Environmental Sci., Plymouth Polytechnic, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK). Johnson, D., Headridge, J. B., McLeod, C. W., Jackson, K. W., Roberts, J. A., Direct determination of chromium in gallium arsenide by electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption spectrometry with Smith - Hieftje background correction, Anal. Proc., 1986, 23, 8. (Dept. Chem., Univ. Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF. UK). 861 165 1. 8611652. 8611653 8611 654. 8611655. 861 1656. 861 1 65 7. 8611 658. 8611 659. 8611 660. 8611661. 8611662. 861 1663. 8611664. Clarke, P. A., McLeod, C. W., Mowthorpe, D. J., Lee, D. J., Direct determination of volatile trace elements in nickel-base alloys by electrothermal vaporisation ICP atomic emission spectrometry, Anal. Proc., 1986, 23, 15. (Dept. Chem., Sheffield City Polytechnic, Pond St., Sheffield S1 lWB, UK).McCabe, S., Ottaway, J. M., Novel method for the determination of arsenic, antimony and selenium in single-cell protein (Pruteen), Anal. Proc., 1986, 23, 16. (Dept. Pure and Applied Chem., Univ. Strathclyde, Cathedral St., Glasgow G1 IXL, UK). Hall, D. H., Littlejohn, D., Ottaway, J. M., O’Haver, T. C., Software-controlled system for automatic background correction in inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, Anal. Proc., 1986, 23, 18. (Dept. of Pure and Applied Chem., Univ. Strathclyde, Cathedral St., Glasgow G1 lXL, UK). Bysouth, S. R., Tyson, J. F., Comparison of curve-fitting algorithms for atomic absorption spectrophotometry, Anal. Proc., 1986, 23, 21. (Dept. Chem., Loughborough Univ. Technol., Loughborough, Leicestershire LEI 1 3TU, UK).Haumann, J., Leipertz, A., Giant-pulsed laser Raman oxygen measurements in a pre-mixed laminar methane - air flame, Appl. Opt., 1985, 24, 4509. (Ruhr-Universitat- Bochum, Institut fur Thermo- und Fluiddynamik, Postfach 102 148, D-4630 Bochum 1, FRG). Kunze, H.-J., Experimental check of local thermodynamic equilibrium in discharges, Appl. Opt., 1986, 25, 13. (Ruhr-Universitat, Institut fur Experimentalphysik V, Postfach 102148, 4630 Bochum 1, FRG). Goldsmith, J. E. M., Laurendeau, N. M., Two-photon- excited fluorescence measurements of OH concentration in a hydrogen - oxygen flame, Appl. Opt., 1986, 25, 276. (Sandia Natl. Labs., Combustion Res. Fac., Livermore, CA 94550, USA). Scrivner, S. M., Taylor, T.W., Sorensen, C. M., Merklin, J. F., Soot particle size distribution measurements in a pre-mixed flame using photon correlation spectroscopy, Appl. Opt., 1986, 25, 291. (Kansas State Univ., Manhat- tan, KS 66506, USA). Edner, H., Sunesson, A., Svanberg, S., Uneus, L., Wallin, S., Differential optical absorption spectroscopy system used for atmospheric mercury monitoring, Appl. Opt., 1986,25,403. (Lund Inst. of Technol., Physics Dept., PO Box 118, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden). Mannik, L., Brown, S. K., Laser Doppler velocimetry of particles in a plasma torch, Appl. Opt., 1986, 25, 649. (Ontario Hydro Res. Div., 800 Kipling Ave., Toronto, Ontario M8Z 5S4, Canada). Takubo, Y., Okamoto, T., Yamamoto, M., Laser spectro- scopic measurement of quenching and doublet mixing rates of the Na(3P3,,,,,,) doublet in a propane - air flame, Appl.Opt., 1986, 25, 740. (Tokyo Univ. Agriculture and Technol., Dept. Appl. Phys., Koganei, Tokyo 184, Japan). Cottereau, M. J., Single-shot laser-saturated fluorescence measurements: a new method, Appl. Opt., 1986,25,744. (UniversitC de Rouen, Laboratoire de Thermodynamique UA CNRS 230, BP 67, 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France). Fung, K. H., Lin, H.-B., Trace gas detection by laser intracavity photothermal spectroscopy, Appl. Opt., 1986, 25, 749. (Brookhaven Natl. Lab., Dept. Appl. Sci., Environ. Chem. Div., Upton, NY 11973, USA). Schrenk, W. G., Historical development of flame excita- tion sources for analytical spectroscopy, Appl. Specfrosc., 1986,40, xix. (Dept. 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