摘要:

The efficacy of moclobemide (300–450 mg7sol;day) was compared with fluoxetine (20–40 mg/day) in a double‐blind, multicentre study in 209 patients with new episodes of depression selected from 612 consecutive depressed patients representative of those consulting psychiatric services in Finland. Antidepressant efficacy was assessed with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Montgomery‐Åsberg Depression Rating Scale and Clinical Global Impression (CGI). The Medical Outcome Study Short‐form General Health Survey (SF‐20) and 15D Measure of Quality of Life were used to measure effectiveness in terms of health‐related quality of life. Efficacy was evident with both drug treatments, with 67% in the moclobemide group and 57% in the fluoxetine group having a reduction in HDRS of more than 50%. Similarly, 77% of the patients in the moclobemide group and 67% in the fluoxetine group were assessed on the CGI as much better or very much better after 6 weeks of treatment. The most commonly reported adverse events were nausea, other gastrointestinal symptoms, nervousness, dizziness and sleep disorders. Nausea was significantly more common in the fluoxetine group and was found especially in women. Premature terminations of treatment were 18% in the moclobemide and 21% in the fluoxetine group. A significant change for the better in quality of life was found in both treatment groups, even at week 2 but especially after 6 weeks of treatment. Improvement was not only seen in dimensions measuring depression or mental health but also in ot

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01530.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The objective of the study was to evaluate the presence of psychopathology in fibromyalgia patients compared with a control group of other rheumatologic patients with pain. Forty‐nine fibromyalgia patients and 33 control patients were interviewed blinded, using standardized psychometric scales. Pain was scored on a visual analogue scale. Fibromyalgia patients scored significantly higher than the controls on the Bech‐Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale, the Atypical Depression Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. On the Newcastle Depression Scale there was no difference. In both groups a correlation was found between pain score and psychometric scoring. The fibromyalgia patients scored significantly higher on pain than the controls. After correcting for this difference, the fibromyalgia patients still scored higher on anxiety and depress

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01531.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Food selection and macro nutrient content were evaluated in a group of bulimic subjects, both during the nonpurged intake and the bingeing. Dietary data was assessed by single 24‐hour recall. As expected, energy distribution and food selection differed markedly between the nonpurged diet and the binges. The main differences were related to an inverse relationship in the order of macro nutrients, fat being the dominant and protein the least important source of macro nutrients during binge eating. The nutrient content during binges admittedly had a preponderance for fat. Nevertheless, the primary choice of food items during binges was carbohydrates, which was shown both by a greater quantity and by the subjects’ own desi

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01532.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fifty‐seven inpatients with major depression (DSM‐III‐R) entered a 12‐week study comparing paroxetine and imipramine. Trends (not reaching statistical significance) in favour of paroxetine were seen on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the Montgomery‐Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). The UKU Side Effect Rating Scale showed a significant difference in favour of paroxetine on reduced salivation. Global evaluation of side effect symptoms showed that significantly more paroxetine patients had no side effects, both in the investigators’ and the patients’ opinion. These results are in line with previous findings of paroxetine being an effective and well tolerated

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01533.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The recent possible neurodevelopmental etiology of schizophrenia makes the neurotrophin‐3 (NT‐3) gene an interesting candidate locus. We studied the allelic distributions of dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the NT‐3 gene locus in 70 patients with schizophrenia and in 70 controls. A highly significant difference between the two groups was observed at the allele A3. Even Bonferroni's correction was used, the difference was still significant. Individuals with homozygous or heterozygous for the allele A3 had a 2.4‐fold increased risk of schizophrenia. Determination of NT‐3 genotype may help to identify those at greater risk of schizophrenia. Furthermore, this finding supports evidence implicating neurodevelopmental deficit in the pathogenesis of this

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01534.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Prediction of outcome after behavioural psychotherapy was determined in 178 outpatients with obsessive‐compulsive disorder. For women (n= 103), factors significantly associated with good outcome included paid employment at time of assessment, having a co‐therapist and low initial ratings on global phobia, work and home activity impairment and the compulsion checklist. In men, the only factor to approach statistical significance as a predictor of outcome was solitary abode, associated with “less improved”

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01535.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Seventy Japanese DSM‐III‐R schizophrenic patients were assessed for 30 clinical symptoms using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) of Kay et al. Principal component analysis was applied to the full item set of this scale and disclosed 5 orthogonal independent symptom groups: negative, hostile/excited, thought‐disordered, delusional/hallucinatory and depressive components. Our results provided further support of the contention that more than 2 (i.e., positive and negative) dimensions are required to account for structures of the schizophrenic sym

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01536.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The ability of the Young Adult Self‐Report (YASR), the Symptom Checklist (SCL‐90) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ‐28) to predict maladjustment across a 2‐year time‐span was assessed in a general population sample of 528 18‐ to 22‐year‐olds. Referral for mental health services and need for professional help were predicted by total problem scores of the YASR, the GHQ‐28 and the SCL‐90 and by the internalizing scale of the YASR. Furthermore, the internalizing scale predicted suicide attempts or suicidal ideation, whereas the externalizing scale predicted police contacts. The YASR delinquent behavior syndrome was the only significant predictor of alcohol abuse. The findings supported the validity of the YASR as an instrument for the assessment of psychopathol

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01537.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Plasma melatonin, cortisol and prolactin (PRL) levels were measured over a 24‐h period in 13 drug‐free patients with obsessive‐compulsive disorder and in matched healthy subjects. The circadian profiles of melatonin and PRL were altered in patients; the circadian rhythm of cortisol was preserved, although at a higher level compared with normal controls. These changes were significantly related to the severity of the obsessive‐compulsive symptoms. Further studies need to clarify the state‐ or trait‐dependent character of these ab

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01538.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

As a part of a larger study, 75 consecutive patients with conduct disorder (48% men, median age 15, range: 6–19 years) were followed up after 18–21 years (mean: 19) with a clinical interview using DSM‐III criteria. At follow‐up, 47% had no Axis I disorder, 24% an anxiety disorder, 25% a substance abuse disorder and only one a psychotic disorder. Thirty‐three percent fulfilled the criteria of an antisocial personality disorder. An additional anxiety disorder at the time of the primary examination was a strong predictor of a poor outcome, as was also criminal offences. The study shows the severe prognosis of conduct disorder and the importance of this disorder as an antecedent to substance abuse. However, since nearly half of these patients developed into a healthy state during the 20‐year follow‐up period, work should be continued to develop better treatment for t

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01539.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY