摘要:

ABSTRACTA multivariate statistical instrument is presented, which combines the life table with regression analysis: the Cox proportional hazards regression model. It is suitable for analyzing longitudinal clinical data, and to find predictors of different outcomes in psychiatric research such as death, relapse or cure. All patient information can be used, since the time to the outcome event is included in the model. Treatments can be compared, and prognostic indices created.

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb06279.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe authors applied the DSM III diagnosis to 500 patients seen at a Consultation‐Liaison psychiatric service. Compared with similar American studies there was a lower frequency of adjustment and somatoform disorders and a higher proportion of drug abuse cases. Several possible reasons for these differences are mentioned. Although the use of DSM III has clear advantages in a General Hospital context, important difficulties were found: the use of some diagnostic criteria, the absence of a code to relate Axes I and III, the poor systemisation of scores in social Axes IV and V and the lack of a specific category for attempted suicide are but a few of the difficulties encountered. Finally, some modifications of DSM III are suggested in order to improve its clinical usefulnes

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb06280.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIn a prospective study of 54 patients with acute psychiatric disorders, elevated absolute concentrations of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM and complement factor C3were found in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in seven (P<0.001), eight (P<0.01) and in four patients, respectively, and in serum in seven, 19 and 17 patients (P<0.001 in all), respectively, quantified by automated immunoprecipitin nephelometry in unconcentrated CSF and serum and compared with neurological controls with peripheral neurological symptoms. Elevation of the IgG‐index was observed in seven patients (P<0.001) and CSF/S albumin ratio in four patients (P<0.05). The presence of oligoclonal IgG bands was found in 22 patiens (P<0.001). The results suggest that viral infections, inflammatory and autoimmune processes may have significance in the etiopathogenesis of acute psychiatric disorder

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb06281.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTWe studied bipolar (ever manic;n: = 297) primary unipolar (never secondary;n: = 328), and secondary unipolar (n: = 241) RDC major affective disorder patients in the NIMH — CRB Collaborative Study of the Psychobiology of Depression — Clinical. We examined rates of immigration, for patients and their parents, in these three diagnostic groups. Primary patients had a twofold increase in the odds in favor of immigration, compared to secondary patients. The difference persisted when proband age was statistically controlled, and could not be accounted for by any difference in sex ratios between groups. Previous findings of an increased rate of immigration in bipolar patients could not be replica

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb06282.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis study involves 324 new cases referred to the Psychiatric Department of King Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, over a period of 6 months. Men outnumbered women, which is in contrast to most Western studies. There was a preponderance in the younger age groups. The interaction of cultural factors and the rapid urbanization of the Saudi society may to some extent explain the pattern.

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb06283.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe identification of α1antitrypsin deficiency (ATD) by neonatal screening was hypothesized to have had negative long‐term effects on the mother‐child relationship. This hypothesis was tested by studying selected aspects of mother‐child interaction in a structured task situation in the home, and comparing 53 cases with clinically healthy 5–7‐year‐old children with ATD versus 52 control cases with children without ATD. The mothers in the two groups did not differ notably from each other. However, as compared with controls, ATD‐children were found to evidence considerably more problematic behavior in interacting with their mothers (being e.g. inappropriately childish, silly, precocious, inhibited, tense, irritated). The findings were interpreted as supporting the hypothesis of a negative long‐term effect of identifying

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb06284.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA reliability study was carried out to compare the short Manchester Scale (MS) to the longer Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), to see if similar items scored the same aspect of pathology and to find the sources of error. The raters were a psychiatrist and a psychologist cum medical student; they had recently arrived in Britain, came from different cultures and had not used the scale previously. Comparisons between the scales were made by interviewing the patients separately and together using either one or both scales. The items on the MS showed a higher interrater reliability as compared to the BPRS, both with independent and simultaneous ratings. Items based on observation only correlated poorly as compared to items based on verbal report. Lower between‐scale correlations for delusions and affect were observed even where the same rater used the two scales, suggesting that the scales have different meanings for these items. The MS is a suitable alternative to the BPRS for quantifying schizophrenic symptom

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb06285.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTEighty out‐patients with neurotic disorders were studied in an integrated treatment model combining psychotherapy and psychotropics in a “conjoint marital therapy” setting. The spouses, who seemed a healthy group, were used as reporters, as controls and as participants in the psychotherapy. The pharmacological trial was a double‐blind, cross‐over study, comparing bromazepam and thioridazine after a placebo period. Bromazepam was more effective in controlling different anxiety symptoms and demonstrated more potent activating properties than thioridazine. Hostility symptoms, however, responded better to thioridazine. These findings were confirmed by ratings performed by patients, spouses and the investigator. Differences in drug preference and drop‐out rate showed the same tendency. Nine weeks’ continuous treatment did not change the differences found in the cross‐over study. No pharmacological rebound symptoms were observed after drug withdrawal. The personality of the spouses was related to the outcome in the patients. Moreover, there was an obvious positive interaction between the psychotherapy given and the

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb06286.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTChanges in plasma levels of estradiol and progesterone and their temporal relationship with changes in mood and behavior were studied along the menstrual cycle in 17 normal women with a wide range of severity and types of premenstrual changes (PMC). Emphasizing changes in hormonal levels over time as well as their rates of change, selective clinical features of premenstrual changes were found to be positively associated with peak levels of progesterone, its rate of decrease over time, and the ratio between the rates of decrease‐over‐time of progesterone and estradiol levels. A time‐lag of 4–7 days between changes in plasma levels of progesterone and changes in clinical features was also found. Rate of change of estradiol was somewhat associated with clinical PMC. It is suggested that the association between gonadal hormones, other biological changes, and mood should be further studied as a diversified, dynamic, time‐relate

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb06287.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTMedico‐legal investigation into causes of unexpected death of five persons who suffered from eating disorders did not give distinct pathoanatomical explanations. The analysis disclosed a number of risk factors whose interplay may have resulted in a circulatory catastrophy. These factors were of organisational and ideological character: simultaneous treatment at different departments, lack of contact with psychiatrists, or unclear criteria for admission to hospital; or somatic: circulatory and electrocardiographic S‐T and T wave abnormalities, hypopotassemia and hypoglycemia, as well as anergy of the emaciated patient which may have led to symptoms of bronchopneumonia being overlooked. Morphological investigation revealed heart atrophy as well as recent lesions such as haemorrhages, fragmentation and contraction bands of the myofibres. In two extremely emaciated patients there was a disproportion between the size of the mitral valves and the atrophic ventricular wall, an appearance similar to “floppy valves”. In one instance an erroneously inserted gastric tube contributed to vomiting, hypopotassemia and sudde

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb06288.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY