摘要:

Children of women whose applications for legal abortion in 1960 had been refused were compared with the next children born in the same delivery wards, whose mothers were of similar age, parity and social class. 133 pairs thus matched were studied concerning the incidence of complications during pregnancy, delivery and puerperium.There were no statistically significant differences during either pregnancy, delivery or puerperium.The conclusion is that children of unwanted pregnancies do not run a greater risk of damage during delivery than the controls and the hypothesis of a negative influence due to an initially unwanted pregnancy was not supported.

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb00628.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Children of women whose applications for legal abortion in 1960 had been refused were compared with the next same‐sexed children born in the same delivery wards, whose mothers were of similar age, parity and social class. The postnatal somatic and psycho‐social development in 90 pairs thus matched was followed up to 15 years of age using school grades, the school health card and the register of the social welfare authorities.The initially unwanted children had a more insecure childhood with more cases of divorce. They performed worse at school and displayed more psychosomatic symptoms, they were more often registered with the social welfare authorities and in need of psychiatric treatment. When the 48 pairs that were formally equivalent as to having lived with their biological parents were compared the difference in school achievement remained. The result may be seen as support of the hypothesis of a negative prenatal influe

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb00629.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of the study was to investigate the possible effect of a single dose of ACTH4–10(30 mg subcutaneously) on memory as measured with a test battery appropriate for the study of “consolidation”.Twenty depressive inpatients participated in the intraindividual double‐blind cross‐over comparison between ACTH4–10and placebo in connection with the second and third treatment in the ECT series. ACTH4–10(or placebo) was administered subcutaneously 30 min after unilateral ECT. Memory functions were examined 90 min before and 150 min after the administration of the drug.A similar design was used in a study of 20 inpatients with neurotic depression not treated with ECT.The results of both studies give no evidence of a positive influence of a single dose of ACTH4–10on consolidation of memory. Possible sources of erro

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb00630.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of the investigation was to find whether a single dose of ACTH4–10could alleviate the retrograde dysmnesic effects of unilateral ECT and improve retrieval.Twenty depressive inpatients participated in the study, which was a double‐blind intraindividual cross‐over comparison between ACTH4–10(30 mg subcutaneously) and placebo. The drug was administered 150 min after learning and 90 min after the second or third ECT unilateral treatment. Retrieval was tested 30 min after the administration of the drug.An identical design was used in 20 unmedicated healthy female subjects.The results of both studies give no support to the hypothesis that a single dose of ACTH4–10facilitates memory

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb00631.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Suicide mortality in the 5 years 1969–73 in 11 countries is examined in relation to the methods used. Some countries have substantially high suicide rates for each method, others have increased mortality for certain specific methods. In this latter group it is suggested that some of the variations in total suicide mortality can be explained by variations in either the availability or the acceptability of certain specific instruments for causing death, particularly domestic gas, firearms and hangin

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb00632.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

240 young doctors undergoing a residency programme in a medical school in India were individually interviewed for pattern and extent of drug abuse. Drug abuse was operationally defined as “Indulgence in a drug with a frequency of at least once a month without medical prescription”. Of the doctors 30.4% were categorised as drug abusers currently, 14.2% had used one or the other drug in the past, and 17.9% had never used any drug. A significantly higher level of abuse was observed among male doctors (37.1%) than female doctors (2.2%). Alcohol was most commonly abused (17.9%). Minor tranquilizers were abused by 17.5%. None of the doctors was abusing any substances on a daily basis. No hard drugs were abused. Common reasons for alcohol intake were for the sake of company and curiosity. Minor tranquilizers and amphetamines were taken for their pharmacological effe

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb00633.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Isocarboxazide has been used as long‐term treatment for a selected group of 20 depressive patients, of whom some 90% (17/19) were non‐responders to treatment with tricyclic antidepressants. At the follow‐up the median duration of illness was 162 months, and the median duration of treatment was 42 months. Side‐effects and interactions were moderate thus legitimating a treatment procedure on which all the patients of the material responded better than on any other antidepressive treatment.Treatment with monoamine‐oxidase‐inhibitors, like isocarboxazide, should not be left untried in the case of therapy‐resista

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb00634.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Psychogenic needs according toMurraywere measured by means of the Cesarec‐Marke Personality Schedule on representative samples of men and women taking part in a health control in Gothenburg, Sweden. Means, standard deviations, stanine scores and a comparison with results from 50‐year‐old men and women and with 16‐year‐old boys and girls with regard to sex differences are presented. Men in all three agegroups scored higher than women on achievement and dominance, and women in all three age‐groups scored higher than men on nurturance and sociability. Seventy‐year‐old men and women scored lower than the 50‐year‐olds on exhibition and higher on order and acquiescence. The difference between the sexes was smaller in 70‐year‐olds than in 50‐year‐olds with regard to nurturance. The standard deviations were generally smaller in 70‐year‐olds than in 50‐year‐olds. Four out of the 11 subscales had distributions t

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb00635.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The three personality dimensions validity, solidity and stability according toSjöbringwere measured by means of the MNT scales in representative samples of 70‐year‐old men and women taking part in a health control survey in Gothenburg, Sweden. Means, standard deviations, stanine scores and a comparison with results from other Swedish studies pertaining to representative samples of middle‐aged men and women and 16‐year‐old boys and girls are presented. Seventy‐year‐old men scored higher than 70‐year‐old women on validity, as did men in all other age‐groups. The difference could, to some extent, be related to the lower prevalence of neurosis and personality deviations in men. There was no difference between the sexes in the 70‐year‐olds nor in the middle‐aged people with regard to solidity and stability. Sixteen‐year‐old boys scored higher on stability than 16‐year‐old girls. Seventy‐year‐olds of both sexes scored lower on validity than 45‐year‐olds of both sexes, and 70‐year‐old men scored higher on stability than 45‐year‐old men. The size of the differences of personality dimensions between the sexes was similar in 70‐year‐olds and 45‐year‐olds, and the standard deviations of the personality dimensions were

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb00636.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The pattern of changes in brain‐specific proteins mainly related to the synapses were studied in rats given electroconvulsive stimuli (ECS). One group was studied after three ECS per week for 4 weeks, another was further allowed a recovery period of 12 weeks. The experimental animals were compared with adequate controls. Brain‐specific proteins were analyzed using crossed immunoelectro‐phoresis. The changes in the protein pattern after 4 weeks of ECS differed in the regions studied and are interpreted as follows: in the hypothalamus the amount of synapses seem to have increased, in the forebrain synaptic remodelling is under way and in the occipital cortex a delay in the neuronal development has been induced. The results further indicate an overall increased preparedness to meet the glycolytic demands accompanying seizure. Following 12 weeks of recovery a partial reversion of the induced changes was observed. The implication of the findings in relation to newer concepts of the working action of electroconvulsive therapy is disc

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb00637.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY