摘要:

ABSTRACT—The perceptions of their parents by patients diagnosed avoidant personality disorder (DSM‐III) and matched normal subjects were compared. The overprotection hypothesis proposed by Parker was not found to predict the perceptions of patients diagnosed avoidant personality disorder. Social introversion in patients was found to be related to perceptions of their parents as shaming, guilt‐engendering and intol

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb02999.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured in relative terms with Tc99m‐hexamethylpropylerieamineoxim and single photon emission computed tomography in 11 patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The patients suffered from major depressive disorder (n= 8) or schizoaffective disorders (n= 3). rCBF was measured under general anesthesia 3 days prior to the ECT treatment and coinciding with the ECT stimulation. ECT caused a redistribution of the tracers uptake. The uptake became more pronounced in frontal parts of the brain and in the basal ganglia than in posterior parts of the cortex, and the thalamus. This selective effect of ECT on rCBF may be related to catecholaminergic projections to anterior parts of the br

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb03000.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Cerebral blood flow was measured in relative terms with Tc99in‐hexamethylpropyleneamineoxim (HMPAO) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in 28 female schizophrenic patients (20 acute and 8 chronic) classified according to DSM‐III. Eleven normals served as controls. The acute patients were classified according to positive and negative symptoms. Patients with predominantly positive symptoms showed by and large normal and homogeneous cerebral isotope uptake. Those with negative symptoms, and the chronic patients, showed inhomogeneous tracer uptake with multiple regions of hypoperfusion in slices 4–6 cm above the orbitomeatal line. The findings support in principle the notion that schizophrenia with negative or chronic symptoms does not affect the whole brain homogeneously. Brain imaging with Tc99m‐HMPAO and SPECT might be used to distinguish various types of schi

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb03001.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Admissions for mania have risen significantly in Edinburgh since 1970. Differencing was used to remove time trends; this showed that the rise was not accounted for by diagnosis change (from schizophrenia or personality disorder) or by lithium prescription. The contribution of non‐specific factors such as admission policy and the experience of trainee psychiatrists deserves evaluation. If this rise continues there will be significant resource implications for the fut

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb03002.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—The pattern of utilization of mental health services in south Verona (Italy) and in Groningen (the Netherlands) was studied. The local psychiatric case registers were used to select patients aged 15 years or more who had at least one contact in 1982 and no contacts in the previous 365 days. Each patient was followed for 36 months after the first contact in 1982. The 2 cohorts differed in size (373 in south Verona and 590 in Groningen), age, diagnosis and pattern of care, whereas the sex distribution was similar. The cohort in Groningen was characterized by a higher number of elderly people, suffering from organic psychoses. Drug dependence prevailed in south Verona, while alcohol dependence was predominant in Groningen. The pattern of care was classified according to 2 basic measures, the gross duration of care and the net duration of care. In south Verona single consulters were almost 3 times more common than in Groningen, In general, patients in Groningen tended to depend more on the mental health services. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the extent to which the pattern of care was predicted by the sociode‐mographical and clinical characteristics of the patients. Only the site where the contacts were made (south Verona or Groningen) and the diagnosis were significantly associated with the pattern of c

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb03003.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—A total of 317 elderly subjects randomly selected among people living in the community in 1 urban and 2 rural areas were studied by means of a semistructured clinical interview, the Social Adjustment Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory. An emerging trend was demonstrated towards a higher rate of prevalence of depression among females and urban residents. Widowhood, absence of a confidant, poor education and financial difficulties (only among urban elderly people) were significantly correlated with rates of depression. Physical impairments and diseases were also associated with depression, independently of whether subjects lived alone. The findings are discussed using a psychosocial frame of referenc

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb03004.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Regional spin lattice relaxation times (T1) measured during nuclear magnetic resonance imagine of the brain were compared in patients with Alzheimer's disease, multi‐infarct dementia, alcoholic dementia, Korsakoff's psychosis and control subjects. Regional differences were found between all patient groups compared with controls and within patient groups, with the exception of the comparison between Korsakoff's psychosis and alcoholic dementia. Correlations between regional T1change and cognitive lest scores were also found, with particular emphasis between visuospatial deficits and parietal T1. The possible role of T1measures in the pathophysiology of these disorders is discus

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb03005.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Mental disability, variables associated with it and predictors of mental disability in late life were studied in 716 men from eastern and southwestern Finland in connection with the 25‐year follow‐up of the east‐west study, which formed the Finnish part of the seven‐countries study. The examinations were carried out in autumn 1984, when the men were 65–84 years of age. According to a 10‐item mental status questionnaire, 95% of the men had normal mental capacities. There were no differences between the 2 areas. Old age, low educational level, low functional capacity, low body mass index, low serum cholesterol, low diastolic blood pressure, low alcohol or coffee consumption, low hemoglobin, low serum calcium, low serum triiodothyronine, high scores on the Zung Self‐rating Depression Scale, and presence of transient ischemia or stroke were associated with mental disability in 1984. In the prospective analysis, low forced vital capacity, low forced expiratory volume in 0.75 s and high blood pressure in middle age predicted mental disabi

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb03006.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—This article describes a community psychiatric survey of a random sample (n= 291) of Greek Cypriot immigrants living in London. Over three quarters of the immigrants were first generation. Information from the subject and from hospital case records were used to date previous episodes of psychiatric disorder. Datable episodes had occurred in 52 subjects. There was no evidence that the risk of breakdown was increased in the immediate aftermath of immigration. For 34 subjects who experienced their first illness after migration, the mean interval was 15 years. In only 9% did breakdown occur within 2 years of migration. The age‐specific incidence of psychiatric disorder was the same as that seen in a native British sample. Although there were differences in the age of onset of first‐ and second‐generation subjects, this was in the opposite direction to that expected if immigration appreciably provoked br

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb03007.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Serum dopamine‐β‐hydroxylase (DBH) activity was determined in male adult psychiatric patients (n‐ 280) and age‐matched male healthy controls (n= 100). Patients included in the study had no history of previous or current exposure to psychoactive drugs and were diagnosed according to Research Diagnostic Criteria. A significant decrease in serum DBH activity was noted in patients with psychotic major depressive disorder (n= 50) as compared with controls. In acute schizophrenics (n= 100), nonpsychotic major depressives (n = 45) and patients with manic disorder (n= 85), mean DBH activity did not differ significantly from the cont

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb03008.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY