摘要:

dextroPropranolol was found to share the properties of the racemate in facilitating habituation of the electrodermal orienting reflex in schizophrenic patients. This effect appeared independent of influences on levels of skin conductance and non‐specific responses. Chlorpromazine did not normalise orienting activity.If the findings from open clinical studies that D‐propranolol has anti‐psychotic properties are confirmed, the fact thatdextropropranolol has only minimal cardiovascular effects may give it important advantages as an anti‐psychotic agent. Controlled clinical studies to prove its therapeutic action and neurobiological studies to determine its central mechanisms of action are wa

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb00272.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Patients over 15 years of age from Turku hospitalized for psychosis for the first time during the years 1949–50, 1959–60 or 1969–70 were investigated.The incidence of hospitalized psychoses (per 100,000 inhabitants) was 115, 136 and 160, respectively. The increase in incidence was greater in women than in men. The incidence remained approximately the same in patients aged 30 to 59, but increased in the younger and older groups. The incidence of functional psychoses increased; in schizophrenia, however, it declined, while in paranoid and affective psychoses it increased. In organic psychoses, the admission frequency of psychoses of old age rose in the 1950's, but declined in some measure in the 1960's.The incidence of psychosis increased for single persons. The ratio of the incidence between single and married persons rose in men, whereas in women it fell. This was particularly pronounced in schizophrenics. The incidence of psychosis was highest in unskilled laborers. The overrepresentation of schizophrenia and paranoid psychoses seemed to have become more pronounced in this occupational

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb00273.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Behavioural measurements of time experience and phenomenologi‐cal self‐ratings of mood‐variations (Beecher's Mood Scale) have been carried out at night and on the following morning in a group of lithium‐treated patients, in a group of psychiatric patients not given lithium, and in an untreated group of healthy subjects.In all the groups investigated the internal “clock” was slower in the morning than in the night. The results indicated that the internal “clock” in lithium‐treated patients was slower than in the two other groups, but only at night.Mood variations from night to morning were observed in all three groups. The group of lithium‐treated patients had fewer complaints as to self‐report of mood‐variations compare

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb00274.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Results of the present study provide evidence of: 1) a positive association between bipolar affective disorder and blood type O and a corresponding negative association between the former and blood type A, 2) a positive association between unipolar affective disorder and blood type O, and 3) a positive association between involutional depression and blood type A and a corresponding negative association between the former and blood types B and O.Sex does not appear to modify the ABO blood types' distribution in patients with bipolar, unipolar affective disorder, or involutional depression, and the same holds for early‐ or late‐onset of the illness in patients with bipolar or unipolar affective disorder.Findings in the present study do not support the validity of the bipolar‐unipolar distinction of affective disorders, and provide evidence in favour of the view that involutional depression is a genetically distinct nosological e

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb00275.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Even though lithium has been established as an effective agent in the management of primary affective disorders, not ail manic‐depressive patients respond favourably to lithium therapy. There‐fore we attempted to delineate lithium responders from non‐responders in a group of 54 manic‐depressive patients on the basis of an assessment which included 64 variables and the results showed that only two thirds were pure responders. Females, patients with prior manic episodes, onset of the illness initially with a manie episode, and premorbid psychothymic personality were ail indicators of favourable long‐term lithium response. Patients with retarded depression, severe anxiety, thought disorder and those with higher scores on the Psychopathic Deviate and Paranoia scales of the MMPI were poor lithium responders. It should be noted, however, that only a few of the differences between responders and non‐responders were statistically signifleant. Our study suggests a number of predictive variables for the identification of lithium

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb00276.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thirty‐eight in‐patients with endogenous‐ and 20 in‐patients with non‐endogenous depression, took part in a multi‐Centre 3‐week double‐blind trial where patients were randomly allocated to treatment with either 6 g L‐tryptophan or 150 mg imipramine daily. Item analysis of Hamilton ratings, before the investigation and weekly during the trial period demonstrated few statistically different mean scores on individual items between the two treatment groups. After 3 weeks' treatment a statistically significant item mean reduction on the 0.1 % level was found in the item Agitation in favour of imipramine‐treated, and in the item Work and Activities in favour of L‐tryptophan‐treated endogenously depressed patients. After 3 weeks' treatment a statistically significant item mean reduction on the 5 % level was found in the item Suicide in favour of imipramine‐treated non‐endogenously depressed patients.The present study has shown that, after 3 weeks' treatment, imi‐pramine and L‐tryptophan has decreased the mean score on individual items

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb00277.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Changes in the suicide rate in Sweden have been studied over the period 1749–1975. It has risen from about 2 per 100,000 inhabitants at the middle of the 18th century to about 20 per 100,000 during the period 1971–1975. Thus a more than tenfold increase is evident. From the non‐standardized figures a real and substantial increase can be demonstrated which becomes even more apparent after standardization. This increase is independent of variations in the age composition of the population. The increase has occurred in the younger age groups: between the ages of 20 and 35 years, i.e. during the most active years of life, suicide is the leading cause of death today. An account of legislative measures for suicide prevention during this period is also presented. There is considerable support for the assumption that the low suicide rate registered in Sweden up to the beginning of the 19th century was an effect of the powerful influence of religion over the popul

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb00278.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book Reviewed in this article:Wolfenstein, M.: Children's humor. A psychological analysis.Stern, R.: Behavioural techniques. A therapist's manual.

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb00279.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb00280.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY