摘要:

ABSTRACTProlactin (PRL) response to a single dose of intravenous haloperidol (0.5 mg) was measured as a marker of tuberoinfundibular dopamine (TIDA) activity in 24 neuroleptic‐free, male, psychotic patients. The PRL responses were then correlated with psychotic symptoms measured with Andreasen's Scales for the Assessment of Positive and Negative Symptoms (SAPS, SANS). Correlation analyses revealed a significant inverse relationship between PRL response and the severity of delusional symptoms. There was no significant correlation between the symptoms of hallucinations, formal thought disorder, or global negative symptoms and PRL response to haloperidol, nor were there any significant correlations between basal PRL and symptom severity. These results suggest that among the positive and negative symptoms associated with psychoses, only delusions may be associated with TIDA overactivit

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb01383.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe clinical and research significance of reduced imipramine binding has remained unclear despite considerable investigation. This study used an assay of demonstrated reliability to investigate the clinical correlates of imipramine binding to platelets in 63 depressed and 33 nondepressed psychiatric patients and 40 healthy control subjects. Both patient groups had Bmaxvalues significantly lower than those of the healthy controls. Unequivocal associations between binding parameters and individual symptoms or groups of symptoms were not established, but a negative correlation between Kdand the number of adverse life events experienced in the preceding 6 months was apparent. These findings provide no support for the view that reduced binding is a trait marker for susceptibility to depression and cast doubt on its specificity as a state marker for the syndrome of depression.

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb01384.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTwenty‐five DSM‐III‐diagnosed schizophrenics and 37 normal and age‐matched controls were examined using an oddball paradigm for the generation of P300 and smooth eye‐pursuit tasks. Results were compared between groups and related to clinical characteristics, including a family history of psychiatric illness. Group differences were found for P300 amplitudes, latencies and eye‐tracking. A family history of psychiatric illness was associated with normal eye‐tracking in patients. Small P300 amplitudes alone and in combination with long P300 latencies were associated with a family histor

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb01385.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTCoping efforts to subjectively experienced basic disorders were investigated by self‐report in 60 chronic schizophrenics in Japan, and the relationships to clinical and demographic variables, intelligence, personality, and attitude toward their illness were analyzed. Self‐reports on coping efforts were obtained for more than half of all subjectively experienced basic disorders, and the predominant technique was reported to be the approach oriented towards problem‐solving. Within each coping style, the behavioral change, divertive problem‐solving approach correlated negatively with hospitalization and symptoms, and the struggle, problem‐solving efforts without any effective results correlated positively with symptoms. Suggestions regarding integration of these self‐efforts into psychosocial treatment of schizophrenia ar

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb01386.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the risk factors of alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence, as defined by DSM‐III criteria, in 11,004 Chinese subjects in the Taiwan community. Risk factors were analyzed using chi‐square and multivariate logistic regression statistics. The logistic regression shows that the risk factors of alcohol dependence include male, having had childhood or adulthood behavior problems; of alcohol abuse include male, having had childhood or adulthood behavior problems, non‐metropolitan community, age cohort, job‐holder. The etiological models proposed are biological for Chinese alcohol dependence and interactional for Chinese alcoho

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb01387.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIn anorexia nervosa (AN), abnormalities are present in the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis, but the prolactin (PRL) response to dexamethasone suppression test (DST) has not yet been studied. In order to study the interrelationships between the various endocrine abnormalities, we investigated the responses of PRL and cortisol to DST (1 mg of dexamethasone at 2300) in AN patients. The subjects were 12 female inpatients with AN and 8 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. The percentage suppression and absolute change in PRL levels before and after dexamethasone administration were significantly different in the 2 groups. In the control group PRL levels suppressed to 36.5 ± 3.7% of basal, while AN levels declined to 79.4 ± 8.9% of basal. When the percentage suppression of PRL was compared between patients with and without cortisol suppression, the mean PRL level was 68.9 ± 7.8% of the basal level for the cortisol‐suppressed patients and 100.4 ± 19.1% for the nonsuppressed patients. Hence in both groups, the percentage PRL suppression was significantly reduced compared with the control group, and indeed nonexistent in cortisol‐nonsuppressed patients. The finding that there was less PRL suppression in the cortisol‐suppressed patients than in the controls suggests that, in AN, there may be an abnormality in PRL secretion not related to the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis. Further work is needed to distinguish between the PRL response to stress and potential hyp

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb01388.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe internal consistency and factor structure of the Chinese Health Questionnaire (CHQ) were investigated in 2 samples in Taiwan, one from 3 communities (n= 1023) and the other from consecutive attenders for health screening in a general hospital (n= 386). Cronbach's alpha coefficients were calculated to be 0.84 and 0.83 for the 12‐item and 0.90 and 0.92 for the 30‐item CHQ version. Four factors similarly extracted for the CHQ‐30 in both samples include somatic symptoms, anxiety and worrying, social dysfunction, and depression and poor family relationship. The implications of these findings were discussed from a cross‐cultural pers

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb01389.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe celibacy and fertility rates of 186 patients with major affective disorders were analysed as a function of the presence or absence of histories of mood congruent delusions or suicidal behaviour in the depressive phases of the disease. Both delusional and suicidal histories were irrelevant to celibacy rates. On the contrary, delusional depressives had a reduced incidence of cases with 2 or more children and suicide attempters had both a lower frequency of high‐fertility cases and a smaller mean number of children than nonattempters. The differences were apparently not attributable to the length of the fertile period of life spent in illnes

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb01390.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTEighty‐six survivors of the Holocaust from a nonclinical population were interviewed to examine the recent mental state, coping and adjustment of elderly Holocaust survivors. Most of the interviewees suffered after the war and are still suffering from the results of persecution. Death camp survivors suffer more than survivors who were subjected to other forms of Nazi persecution. Despite the mental suffering, Holocaust survivors succeeded to cope and to adjust. They are successful at work and in society. They managed to raise warm families. They behaved and still behave as if fulfilling a testament to those who perishe

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb01391.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTwo cases of Charles Bonnet syndrome are presented, one of which responded to carbamazepine.

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb01392.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY