摘要:

This article presents data on the prevalence of depression and the profile of depressive symptoms in 2 groups of people aged 65 and over: 1070 living in Liverpool, United Kingdom, and 1080 living in Zaragoza, Spain. Similar prevalence figures were found for women (Liverpool first): 14.2%vs14.8% and, for men, 7.2%vs6.2%. No age differences were found. The figures are lower than those found using similar methods in London and New York, but higher than those from Iceland. The article also compares the profile of depressive symptoms between Liverpool and Zaragoza and explains these by reference to social and cultural differences.

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03389.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this survey, 274 patients were sent a questionnaire concerning satisfaction with psychiatric treatment and the ward 1 month after their discharge from hospital. Fifty‐two percent of the patients responded. Answers to the 56 items of patient satisfaction were analyzed in relation to patient diagnoses and treatment given. Patients who were diagnosed as suffering from affective disorders or from reactive psychoses were more satisfied than patients with schizophrenia or paranoia or with transitory adjustment reactions. Patients who had no personality disorder diagnosis and patients with character neurosis were more satisfied than patients with antisocial or borderline personality disorders. Patients on antidepressant medication were much more satisfied than other patients. The results of the study are discussed with regard to the need of further research in this area and to quality assuranc

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03390.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The receptor binding profile of levomepromazine (LMP) in human brain was compared with that of clozapine (CLOZ) and chlorpromazine (CPZ). LMP showed significantly greater binding affinity for both α‐1 and serotonin‐2 binding sites than either CLOZ or CPZ, and significantly greater binding to α‐2 sites than CPZ. A potent pharmacological effect at these receptor sites may explain the beneficial effect of LMP on psychotic symptoms and akathisia in treatment‐resistant schizophrenia recently described in 2 open studies. LMP requires further appraisal as a potentially useful neuroleptic in the management of treatment‐resistant sc

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03391.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The prolactin and thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) responses to protirelin and the prolactin and cortisol responses to d‐fenfluramine were measured in 8 outpatients with DSM‐III‐R obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD). The results were compared to those in 8 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. The responses to d‐fenfluramine were significantly attenuated in the OCD patients, but there was no significant difference between the responses to protirelin in OCD patients and healthy controls. The data suggest that, in OCD, blunting of prolactin responses to the serotonin‐releasing agent d‐fenfluramine is due to a central abnormality and not due to

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03392.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fifty‐eight normal‐weight DSM‐III‐R bulimia nervosa patients were compared with 27 normal controls on measures of bulimia nervosa, depression, impulsivity, obsessionality and impulse control (dyscontrol) behaviours. Patients scored higher than controls on all these measures. Almost half the patient cohort met Lacey's multi‐impulsive bulimia criteria. When bulimic symptoms were controlled for in an analysis of covariance, multi‐impulsive bulimics did not score significantly differently to non‐impulsive bulimics on psychometric measures of impulsivity, obsessionality and depression. The concept of impulsivity is critically reviewed and newer concepts linking obsessionality and impulsivity

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03393.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thirty‐one of 50 patients satisfying the NINCDS‐ADRDA criteria of probable or possible Alzheimer's disease showed psychotic features during a 2‐year observation period. Paranoid delusions were reported in 23 patients, delusional misidentification in 17, visual hallucinations in 16 and auditory hallucinations in 8. All of the 7 patients who died within the observation period had suffered from psychotic features even before the preterminal phase of illness. A faster progression of illness towards more severe stages of dementia was associated with paranoid delusions and hallucinations but not with delusional misidentification. We could not prove a significant influence of age, age of onset, cognitive performance, ventricular enlargement or the severity of quantitative electroencephalographic changes at initial examination on the course of illness. This may indicate that specific psychotic features and their potential organic substrate exert an effect on the progression of illness and on survival in Alzheimer's disease, which is not related to gross brain atrophy and generalized neurophysiological ch

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03394.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We investigated the marriage rates, the reproductive rates and the marital reproductivity of schizophrenic outpatients in Japan. A total of 553 patients with DSM‐III‐R‐diagnosed schizophrenia at the Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan were compared with age‐ and sex‐matched outpatients at surgical clinics of the same hospital. Our findings indicate that the reproductivity of schizophrenics is reduced, even though the sample consists of outpatient population and modern operational diagnostic criteria have been used. The marriage rate and reproductive rate of the schizophrenics were reduced, especially in men. The number of married men was significantly less than that of married women and the reduced marital reproductivity was found in women but not men. These findings indicate that the reduced reproductivity of men is accounted for largely by a reduced rate of marriage, and that in women is accounted for partly by lower rate of reproductivity within

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03395.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

All borderline patients admitted at a day hospital during a 6‐year period were followed up with a postal questionnaire after 3–10 years. Patients who had chosen to leave the treatment within 4 months were analyzed as a separate group, and these drop‐outs and the remaining patients were compared with a group of well‐adjusted people who were assumed to represent the functional norm. The patients who remained in treatment were clearly posited at a level of functioning between the norm and the drop‐outs, although the variation among them was quite large. Depending on the stringency and content of the criterion of clinical significance, 25–75% of the patients remaining in treatment fell within the range of the norm group versus 20–50% of the drop‐outs. The patients who had benefited most since termination had differed favorably from the other patients already at admission to treatment, but not as much as had the drop‐outs. The drop‐outs, however, at admission also had more ambivalent or negative attitude

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03396.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cerebral blood flow was investigated during alcohol withdrawal in 15 male alcoholics by single photon emission computerized tomography with99mTc‐HMPAO and compared with the results of a second study 3 weeks later when all symptoms of withdrawal had disappeared and when the patients had been free of medication for at least 1 week. Slice images were reconstructed parallel to the orbitomeatal plane, and tracer activity was analyzed in 8 regions of interest per hemisphere. During alcohol withdrawal a special pattern of cerebral blood flow distribution could be observed. Relative perfusion was elevated in both inferior temporal regions, whereas it was reduced in the superior temporal region of both hemispheres. The changes of cerebral blood flow distribution did not correlate with neuropsychological findings nor with the severity of withdrawal syndrom

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03397.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Trained raters from the Liverpool Continuing Health in the Community study interviewed 1070 people over the age of 65 in 1982–1983 using the Geriatric Mental State (GMS) examination. Three years later the cohort was re‐interviewed, this time by psychiatrists trained in the GMS, who used the GMS and the History and Aetiology Schedule (HAS). The cohort had fallen in size to 875, because of mortality; 701 were re‐interviewed. The cohort was followed up again 6 years after the first interview by trained nurse raters using the GMS (A3) and the Mini‐Mental State Examination. Cases of mental disorder identified by the computer diagnostic program AGECAT were re‐interviewed by psychiatrists along with a number of controls using the GMS and the HAS on the remaining 450 individuals. Observational behavioural ratings from the GMS and summary sheets were analysed along with AGECAT diagnoses and data on medication gained at the 3 assessments. The community prevalence of tardive dyskinesia and other movement disorders in elderly people over a 6‐year follow‐up appears to be very low (the community prevalence of tardive dyskinesia being 0.22% and akathisia 1.57%). is usually associated with organic mental disorder (and consequently higher mortality) and is furthermore not usually associated with antipsychot

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03398.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY