摘要:

ABSTRACT–Trends in completed suicide by method were analysed for Belgium between 1968–972 and 1978–1981, using the information reported on death certificates. Around 1980, hanging was the most preferred method of suicide in both sexes, followed by firearms in males and poisoning by solid and liquid substances in females. Between 1970 and 1980, rates for all but one method (domestic gas) increased. The largest changes among men were seen for firearms and for poisoning, accounting respectively for 43% and 33% of the overall increase. For women, 48% of the rise was attributable to poisoning and 24% to drowning. The choice of method was seen to be influenced by age: hanging and drowning were the preferred methods for older people, whereas poisoning was the most popular among younger adults. The male‐female ratio decreased for firearms and was reversed for poisoning and drowning. These findings are compared with trends in other industrialized countries, and the possibilities for suicide prevention by reducing the firearms and poisoning rates are di

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10246.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–Four decades of suicide mortality data for England and Wales were analysed within an age‐period‐cohort framework. Marked differences in results were found by sex. The analysis of the male data showed that the risk of suicide increased with age until men were in their mid‐fifties (after allowing for period and cohort effects), and that suicide risk declined for males born from 1876 to 1915, but had increased over 4‐fold for certain later‐born cohorts. Female suicide risk was found to decline with later nativity (after adjusting for age and period effects). The identification of period effects in terms of known changes in the carbon monoxide (CO) content of domestic gas successfully accounted for temporal variation in male suicide risk, but fitted less well to the data

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10247.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–A comparison af suicide rates among soldiers and civilians in the Nordic countries during the 8‐year period 1977–1984 revealed that suicides among soldiers were more frequent in Norway than in Sweden and Finland. An in‐depth study of the suicides of Norwegian soldiers during the same time period points to selection procedures and distance from home to the soldier's duty camp as possible causal factors. The suicides were frequently precipitated by an acute crisis. Preventive measures are di

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10248.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–A total of 49 psychiatric inpatient suicides were compared with 53 former psychiatric inpatients who had committed suicide within one year after their discharge. Significant differences were found in the diagnostic distribution of both groups, especially the predominance of schizophrenics among inpatient suicides, and of alcoholics and drug abusers among suicides of former inpatients. Furthermore, some other important differences between the groups emerged that bore practical implications. In different diagnostic groups suicide occurs for different reasons and based on different psychosocial backgrounds. In the investigation of suicide in psychiatric patients, homogeneity of the population studied in terms of patient status should be strived fo

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10249.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–An examination of recent suicide and homicide rates in the United States and South Africa showed quite similar patterns, with whites having higher rates of suicide and nonwhites having higher rates of homicide. In recent years, suicide rates for white males have risen in South Africa while remaining stable in the United States. In contrast, homicide rates have risen for nonwhites in South Afric

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10250.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–A study of the states of the United States showed that suicide rates using car exhaust were lower in states that had lower rates of car ownership, a greater proportion of the population living in non‐urban areas and that were further north. The implications of these results for a public health approach to suicide prevention are discus

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10251.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–In a study of suicide from 1980 through 1985 in Jordan, there were 219 suicides with an annual suicide rate of 2.1 per 100,000. The peak suicide rate was found to be among the age group 15–34 years. Nearly two‐thirds of males that committed suicide were single, which was not the case with suicides among females. Over half of males that committed suicide were either unemployed and/or unskilled manual workers and over two‐thirds of females that committed suicide were either housewives and/or students. Nearly two‐thirds of the total population that committed suicide had previous psychiatric treatment. Violent methods of suicide were most frequently used. Some of the results were observed for the first time and the role of sociocultural factors is discussed. Suggestions are made to explore the role of religion in combattin

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10252.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–English as the language of publication for articles on suicide in the medical literature increased from 58% of articles in 1966 to 79% in 1986. This increase occurred at the expense of all languages. These changes parallel those for the language of publication of articles on mental disorders and all medical subject

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10253.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–This study examined standardized mortality ratios (SMR) among the patients who had undergone psychiatric hospitalization in Israel in 1978. The size of the sample (83,175 person‐years) allowed us to calculate simultaneously SMR by age, sex, diagnosis and cause of death. The global SMR was 2.3 and decreased with age. Excess mortality was found in patients from all diagnostic groups for death from both natural and unnatural causes. Excess mortality from cancer was found only among patients aged under 40. The SMR for death by suicide was lower than that reported in the literature. The highest excess mortality was due to respiratory and infectious diseases in all groups and especially among young alcoholics and drug addicts (SMR = 273). This points to the importance of an ongoing follow‐up of the physical health of psychiatric pat

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10254.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–The number of persons taken into psychiatric hospital care during 1982 in France was estimated using data on length of stay and analysing these by the person‐year method. The number of observed deaths was compared by sex and age group with the number of deaths expected if the mortality in the general French population in 1982 were applied to the numbers of inpatients of the same sex and age group. The result of this comparison was that the mortality in mentally ill inpatients was found to be 3 times higher than that in the general population. This higher rate is further accentuated in younger age groups, especially women. This excess mortality has been observed with respect to natural causes of death as well as to unnatural causes, i.e. injury and suicide. Deaths from diseases of the circulatory system are overrepresented. As is true in the general population, these diseases account for the greatest number of deaths. Excess mortality is also high from diseases of the respiratory system. There is a high excess mortality due to signs, symptoms and ill‐defined conditions, especially among women. Only in the case of neoplasms is there no excess mortality. Finally, excess mortality is found for deaths by injury and poisoning, especially for women, and suicides, particularly among men. Nevertheless, up to the age of 34, the female suicide rate is higher than that o

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10255.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY