ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1982.tb00305.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper reviews the major innovations in approach to psychiatric diagnosis incorporated into DSM‐III. These include the classification of mental disorders according to shared descriptive clinical features, the use of specified diagnostic criteria for making psychiatric diagnoses, and the multiaxial system of patient evaluation. It describes the principal revisions of diagnostic concepts in DSMIII from several areas of classification, such as Schizophrenia and Affective Disorders, that account for some of the differences between DSM‐III and ICD‐9. The rationale for the changes in approach and in basic diagnostic concepts at the time of DSM‐III's publication is presented. More recent evidence concerning the validity of newly‐conceptualized categories is also included.SummaryTo summarize, the differences in diagnostic categories that exist between DSM‐III and ICD‐9 may not be as extensive as would appear at first glance. Those that do exist are more with respect to diagnostic concepts that underlie the classification than between the rubrics themselves. One task now is to assess the extent of differences that would have an effect on statistical comparisons between the United States and other countries, and to answer the question can DSM‐III categories and codes be easily and reliably translated into the corresponding ICD‐9 code? But beyond statistical evaluations, the conceptual differences in major areas such as Schizophrenia and Affective Disorders should be assessed for their validity. Our hope is that the innovations in approach incorporated in DSM‐III and the revisions in diagnostic concepts will prove helpful in making psychiatric diagnosis a more rational and clinicall

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1982.tb00306.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A clinical study comprising psychiatric, psychological and neurological examination of 29 patients suffering from long‐term psychosis and severe epilepsy was performed. Only five patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia. They differed from the rest of the patients by being less organic and having infrequent laterality to the left of their epileptogenic focus. They were regarded as genuine schizophrenics, while the pathogenesis of the remaining sample was considered multifactorial, including both organic and psycho‐social cau

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1982.tb00307.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two groups of elderly chronic schizophrenic patients, one with and one without tardive dyskinesia (TD), were studied. In addition to estimation of the neuroleptic‐like radioreceptor activity (RRA) of the serum, serum concentrations of thioridazine (THD) and its major metabolites, THD‐2‐sulfoxide, THD‐2‐sulfone and THD‐5‐oxide, were measured with high performance liquid chromatography. Blood samples were collected at two different occasions when the patients were considered to be in a pharmacological “steady state”. The concentrations of THD and its metabolites, as well as RRA values, were similar at both occasions. In general, THD‐2‐sulfoxide and THD‐5‐oxide were present in higher concentrations than the parent compounds, and the serum concentrations of THD, its metabolites and the RRA values were positively correlated with the administered daily dose of THD. However, no significant difference in serum levels of THD, its metabolites, or RRA values existed between the patients with and without TD. These data suggest that pharmacodynamic rather than pharmacokinetic differences may be more important in producing high risk for TD in patients on long

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1982.tb00308.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two groups of schizophrenic patients with diametrically opposed illness outcomes were compared, 14 months after discharge, with respect to 21 parameters. The first group comprised patients who relapsed and were readmitted into hospital and the second group comprised patients who achieved satisfactory occupational rehabilitation in the community. Satisfactory occupational rehabilitation was positively associated and relapse was negatively associated with the following parameters: compliance to maintenance pharmacotherapy, satisfactory work record, compulsory admission into hospital, living apart from parents or spouse after discharge, illness precipitated by stressful events, longer duration of hospitalization and more advanced age at onset of illness. The authors express the view that awareness of the parameters influencing short‐term social outcome might contribute to a more efficient management of schizophrenic patient

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1982.tb00309.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Eleven patients with a psychosis in connection with cannabis abuse admitted to two mental hospitals during 1 year were examined. Patients with a preexistent psychosis or a mixed abuse were excluded. The patients were divided into three groups: acute, sub‐acute and chronic. The features of the disease were essentially similar in all patients, with a mixture of affective and schizophrenia‐like symptoms, confusion and a pronounced aggressiveness. The course as a rule wasself‐limitingleaving no residual symptoms. There was almost no heredity of severe mental disease. The symptoms were very similar to those seen in cycloid psychosis, and a possible relationship between the two diseases is discussed. As regards the widespread abuse of cannabis we conclude that psychosis is a rare complication but that in unclear psychotic states it is recommended to actively search for a cannabis psyc

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1982.tb00310.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The rates of admissions in 1976–78 to all hospitals in Western Australia, both psychiatric and non‐psychiatric, of patients with a primary psychiatric diagnosis were analysed specifically for country of birth and whether they lived in Perth or in country areas. Eastern European migrants had the highest hospitalization rates, and Southern European migrants the lowest. Rates for schizophrenia were high in the Eastern Europeans, and for alcoholism low in Southern European and Asian females and high in Northern European males. The United Kingdom migrants were most like the Australian born in regards to admission rates, diagnostic composition, and in the distribution of hospitalization patterns between psychiatrists and non‐psychiatrists. Women, especially Southern European, in the country areas are at special risk to be admitted for neurosis/personality dis

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1982.tb00311.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Some investigators have indicated the clinical usefulness of EEG monitoring during treatment with lithium‐neuroleptic combination. Nine patients who were maintained on this combined therapy, were investigated with EEG. The authors report their negative finding

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1982.tb00312.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1982.tb00313.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY