摘要:

The present paper reviews the life event research specific to schizophrenia with the goal of assessing the extent to which recent empirical studies have implicated life stress variables as precipitants of acute episodes of the disorder (i.e. the “triggering” hypothesis). Different methodological strategies used in life events research are reviewed along with the substantive findings from quasi‐experimental and controlled studies of schizophrenic patients. It is concluded that stressful life events have been found to be part of the pool of factors associated with the onset of acute schizophrenic episodes, but evidence is still lacking to indicate that this association is a necessary or direct one. Recommendations are made regarding the types of future studies required to fill the gaps in the existing liter

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1981.tb00765.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Twenty‐four senile dementia patients in the age range 65–85 years were subjected to a new sensitive tryptophan loading test: Dopa‐Tryptophan loading (“Dop‐Try loading”) in order to determine whether Try malabsorption occurs in senile dementia and if so how frequent this is. For comparison the same loading test was performed on 23 subjects in the same age grouping but with normal mental function. The differences in Try absorption were statistically analyzed and this revealed that absorption was less effective in the senile dementia group.Four patients with Try malabsorption were treated with 3 G 1‐Try + 50 mg d1‐5‐hydroxytryptophan (5‐HTP) per day orally for 20–30 days and four patients with normal absorption were treated in the same way. The Dop‐Try loading test was repeated after this treatment. Two patients showed improved absorption and coincident mental improvement, while one showed decreased absorption and mental deterioration. One died during the course of the treatment. None of the four patients with normal absorption showed mental improvement after the treatment. This pilot study suggests that increase in Try absorption following the Try treatment is a necessary condition for improvement in the mental state. The study is being continued with lar

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1981.tb00766.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recent trends in psychiatric hospitals have re‐established the need for semi‐secure, well‐staffed acute wards. Such a ward is described and 400 consecutive admissions over a 34‐month period reviewed. Using 13 beds all the acute patients requiring security and intensive treatment are managed from a total catchment area of 600,000. A wide range of referral agencies and diagnostic categories are encountered. Staff in the general psychiatric hospital where the ward is situated are satisfied with the service. A small group of chronically‐disturbed patients require separate f

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1981.tb00767.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An investigation material consisting of 120 persons who were born after refusal of an application for therapeutic abortion, with the same number of controls, has previously been followed up by the writers to the age of 21 years. This follow‐up study has now been extended to completion of the 35th year. It is found that in social‐psychiatric respects the index cases as a group are still somewhat worse situated than the control cases. However, the differences have to a certain extent levelled out and during the later part of the observation period no statistically significant differences can be demonstrated for any single varia

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1981.tb00768.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Faroe Islands are a group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean between Norway and Iceland inhabited by about 42,000 people. They are considered a nation with home rule within the Danish Kingdom. A Psychiatric Department was not established on the islands until 1969. Before this, psychiatric patients were referred to the local General Hospital and about half of the patients in each diagnostic group were sent on to the Psychiatric Hospital in Nykøbing on Zealand, Denmark. Since the establishment of the department, admissions have increased in all diagnostic groups, especially in the group of senile psychoses. The total increase amounts to 2.4 times the admission rates of psychiatric cases to the General Hospital and 4.4 times the admission rates to the Psychiatric Hospital in Nykøbing in the last years prior to the start of the local service. The outpatient department has grown steadily, the patients attending are distributed in diagnostic groups similar to Danish outpatient department

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1981.tb00769.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A double blind study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of a single bedtime dose of chlorpromazine (300 mg) with divided doses of the same drug (100 mg, thrice daily). Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Nurses' Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation (NOSIE) were administered to 80 acutely psychotic patients who took part in the study. Thirty‐one patients in the experimental and 29 in the control group completed this 3‐week trial. It was observed that there were no statistically significant differences between the two modes of treatment. Drowsiness was seen more often in the single bedtime schedule. Postural hypotension was observed in both patient groups. The implications of single night‐time medication in psychotics is disc

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1981.tb00770.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The authors compared platelet monoamine oxidase activity in schizophrenic patients and normal controls. A significant reductkm in the enzyme activity was found in the male schizophrenic patients but not in the females. No differences were detected among the subgroups of schizophrenia. Sources of bias and the possible mechanism for the findings are discussed.

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1981.tb00771.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Books reviewed in this article:Black, P.(ed.): Brain dysfunction in children.Lemperière, T.,&A.Féline: Abrégé de psychiatrie de Padu

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1981.tb00772.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1981.tb00773.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY