摘要:

Attempted suicide and suicide have been investigated among 2,619 patients suffering from duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and ulcer dyspepsia without ulcer demonstrable by x‐ray. There was no difference in the percentage of attempted suicides and suicides among the three ulcer groups or between the sexes. Within well‐defined periods, there was a statistically significant greater excess of attempted suicides among patients operated on than among unoperated patients.The distribution according to psychiatric diagnosis was very similar to the one observed among persons in general in Copenhagen attempting suicide.The number of patients committing suicide exceeded the expected number significantly, for men as well as for women, but there was no difference between patients operated on and unoperated patients. The psychiatric diagnoses of those committing suicide were predominantly neuroses and psychopa

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1975.tb11088.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Among 1,780 male persons with duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and ulcer dyspepsia without ulcer demonstrable by x‐ray, 737 (21 %) had been convicted of law offences. There were no differences among the three ulcer groups with regard to the frequencies of the different crimes or the percentage of persons in each of the groups. The percentage of persons admitted to a psychiatric department was higher among those convicted than in the material in general. The dominating psychiatric diagnosis among those convicted was psychopathy. Among patients operated on, the percentage of convicted persons was significantly higher than among those not operated on. Among 168 persons convicted for offences committed while under the influence of alcohol, the percentage of heavy drinkers was higher than in the material in general. Only 3.1 % of 771 women had been convicted for an offence. The observed frequencies of law breakers among the patients in the three ulcer group did not exceed the frequencies in the general populatio

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1975.tb11089.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recent studies in psychophysiology and neurophysiology strongly indicate that there is an overstimulation of the brain in schizophrenia. However, the relationship between overstimulation and schizophrenic symptoms is largely unknown. Neuropathological, anatomical and biochemical data support the conclusion that the schizophrenic syndrome represents a malfunctioning involving at least the neostriatal‐thalamus system, perhaps due to an imbalance between dopamine and noradrenalin

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1975.tb11090.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The present study is a methodological examination in which the social and psychic background factors of 100 tuberculous patients, aged 20 to 45 years, were explored using psychiatric interview and psychological tests (MMPI, Rorschach, and Wartegg). The purpose of the study was to analyse the effect of social background factors on the psychiatric and psychological examination. With the help of correlation coefficients and three‐factor factor analysis, the variable indicating the social class of the subject could be proved to correlate significantly to the projective test variables (Rorschach, Wartegg). No such correlation between the social group variable and those obtained in the psychiatric interview or the MMPI test could be demonstrated. On the basis of the projective tests, subjects in the lower social classes were considered more disturbed. It can be supposed that the background factors characteristic of lower social classes would contribute to the unfamiliar test situation, causing reactions disturbing the test performance. This suggests that the mentioned tests should be used with caution in the evaluation of personality disturbance

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1975.tb11091.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A double‐blind comparison of fluphenazine decanoate and flupenthixol decanoate in 40 consecutive admissions showed no difference in anti‐psychotic effect or extrapyramidal side effects after 56 days. However, the trial identified a different effect of the drugs on mood. Flupenthixol decanoate had an elating effect that was most marked during the week following injection. Fluphenazine decanoate tended to lower mood. The results would suggest that in acute schizophrenia, fluphenazine decanoate would be the more appropriate drug in elated or acutely disturbed patients, but that in patients with a lowered mood or a history of depression, flupenthixol decanoate would be the more appropriate drug. It was emphasised that these mood changes were observed in patients with acute schizophrenia and that extrapolation from these results to maintenance therapy of chronic relapsing schizophrenia should only be made with caution. The results suggest that 40 mg of flupenthixol decanoate is approximately equal to 25 mg of fluphenazine decanoate. Analyses of covariance showed a significant positive correlation between the incidence of extrapyramidal side effects and duration of illn

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1975.tb11092.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A strategy is presented for biological psychosis research with neuroleptics acting as a point of crystallisation like antidepressants do in biological depression research.The neuroleptics chlorpromazine, haloperidol and oxypertine were studied, and it was found that they influence central catecholamine (CA) metabolism in man. An increased central dopamine (DA) turnover was found to occur in psychotic disorders, mostly in the form of motor agitation.As the first of a planned series of studies, chlorpromazine with presumed ability to reduce both DA‐ergic and noradrenaline (NA)‐ergic transmission and oxypertine as a more selective blocker of NA‐ergic transmission were selected for comparison. The overall therapeutic effect of oxypertine was inferior to that of chlorpromazine, whereas oxypertine proved more effective in cases where loss of initiative was predominant. On the other hand, chlorpromazine exerted a more marked influence on extrapyramidal motor functions than oxypertine. In chronic psychotic disorders with inertia, oxypertine thus seems to be a neuroleptic which is strong enough to prevent exacerbation of delusions and hallucinations while at the same time increasing the level of motivation. These findings were in accordance with our predictions.The comparative study is illustrative of the practical significance of the research approach in this study: The biochemical action profile of a neuroleptic seems to be a more reliable indicator of its clinical action than does its chemical stru

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1975.tb11093.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a cross‐over study, 24 mmol of lithium sulphate was given as a single dose in slow release tablets to 30 healthy volunteers fasting and after a standardised meal. Comparisons were also made with lithium citrate in slow release tablets and placebo. Postprandial administration of lithium gave practically no side effects, while lithium on an empty stomach gave diarrhoea in about 20 % of the subjects.The absorption was measured by determination of the amount of lithium excreted in the urine in a group of ten subjects. Lithium was completely absorbed when given after food, but when given on an empty stomach the absorption was lower in some subjects, apparently due to rapid gastrointestinal passage in connection with diarrhoea. Lithium should therefore preferably be administered after meal

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1975.tb11094.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ninety‐seven young non‐psychotic men with intravenous opiate abuse, who had been admitted to a psychiatric hospital, were seen at follow‐up 3 years after admission. All were traced. At follow‐up, 19 % were abstinent, 9 % had died, whereas the remainder were still addicted. Those who had become abstinent had done so around the age of 20 and/or before they had been addicted to opiate for 3–4 years, almost regardless of the time at which their total drug abuse ha

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1975.tb11095.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY