ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb05316.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A novel class of antidepressants is emerging with considerable therapeutic potential: reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase type A (RIMA). Moclobemide (Aurorix®) is a representative RIMA. It is a fully and rapidly reversible inhibitor of MAO‐A with a correspondingly intermediate duration of actionin vivo.It is free of hepatotoxicity and produces a much weaker potentiation of the tyramine pressor effect than the classical irreversible MAO inhibitors. Interaction of MAO inhibitors and monoamine reuptake inhibitors with tyramine is discussed on the basis of experiments in conscious rats. The issue of tyramine content of foods and beverages has been reinvestigated and its relevance for treatment with RIMA antidepressants is discussed. Recently observed antihypoxic (neuroprotective) effects of moclobemide suggest new indications for this compou

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb05317.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The acute psychomotor effects of moclobemide, a reversible inhibitor of MAO‐A antidepressant (100 and 300 mg) compared with amitriptyline (25 and 75 mg) showed that moclobemide caused no significant impairment in contrast with amitriptyline, which caused significant impairment at both doses. Two other studies are reviewed. One study reported the acute effects of moclobemide (100 and 300 mg), trazodone (100 mg), placebo, and alcohol (0.5 g/kg) or placebo in an elderly group: moclobemide caused little impairment or alcohol potentiation and may reverse some alcohol impairment, whereas trazodone caused substantial impairment and alcohol potentiation. Another study of the acute and chronic effects of moclobemide (200 mg 3 times daily) or clomipramine (25 mg twice daily) and their interactions with alcohol (blood alcohol concentration 0.6 g/1) showed that alcohol caused significant impairment, whereas clomipramine tended to enhance and moclobemide to reduce some impairment. Moclobemide appears to be an antidepressant with few psychomotor effects and minimal alcohol potentiation and may reduce some alcohol impairmen

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb05318.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The design and the main therapeutic results of 3 controlled double‐blind studies comparing moclobemide with tricyclics and/or placebo in depressed patients are presented. Moclobemide, a reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase (RIMA), preferentially inhibits MAO‐A. It showed good efficacy in major depression (DSM‐III), both endogenous and non‐endogenous. The 3 studies included a total of 763 patients. The therapeutic results are similar to those observed with tricyclics (2/3 good responders). Tolerability was significantly better. The onset of action was evaluated in 2 studies and was faster in the patients treated with moclobemide. The fact that reversible inhibitors of MAO‐A demonstrate good efficacy independently of the diagnostic category of depression is an important ne

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb05319.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Moclobemide, a new selective and reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (RIMA), has been compared with various tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) in numerous controlled studies. Pooled data from these studies, comprising 1656 patients, as well as the consideration of individual trials, show that moclobemide is far better tolerated than the TCAs. Its side effects mainly comprise mild degrees of nausea and dizziness at the beginning of treatment in a small proportion of patients. Age and sex do not affect the tolerability of moclobemide: it is equally well tolerated by elderly patients. In 2300 patients treated with moclobemide in doses up to 600 mg/day, without dietary restrictions, there was no tyramine‐related hypertensive reaction. It is concluded that moclobemide may be the second‐generation antidepressant doctors were waiting for ‐ equally effective as the classical antidepressants but far better tole

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb05320.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In addition to being effective in depressive disorders, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) have been shown to be effective in controlled studies of patient with panic disorder with agoraphobia, social phobia, atypical depression or mixed anxiety and depression, bulimia, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and borderline personality disorder. Uncontrolled case reports have noted MAOI efficacy in obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD), trichotillomania, dysmorphophobia and avoidant personality disorder. Reversible inhibitors of MAO‐A (RIMAs) appear safer than the classical irreversible MAOIs since they have less potential to increase blood pressure. They have not been studied as yet, however, in most of the conditions responsive to MAOIs. If RIMAs are found effective in these disorders, they would probably achieve wider use than MAOIs because they are safer and tend to cause fewer side effe

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb05321.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb05322.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Moclobemide was compared with placebo for antidepressant activity, tolerance and safety in 2 parallel groups of 23 and 24 depressed patients. At the end of treatment (4 weeks or longer), 9 patients on moclobemide (41%) showed an improvement>50% on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, compared with only 4 (17%) of those on placebo. The overall assessment of efficacy was significantly better for moclobemide (good or very good results in 50% of patients) than for placebo (80% poor results). Moclobemide was well or very well tolerated by 85% of patients and placebo by 100%. Moclobemide was thus shown to be clearly more effective than placebo and only slightly less well tolerated.

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb05323.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Moclobemide and imipramine were compared single‐blind in 2 groups of 20 depressed patients (75% and 65% endogenous depression respectively). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in improvement on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. The final overall assessment of efficacy was good or very good in 80% of the moclobemide patients and 55% on imipramine. Tolerance was good to very good in 95% of moclobemide patients, compared with 80% on imipramine. No severe adverse effects were reported in either grou

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb05324.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Moclobemide was compared with desipramine in 30 patients with endogenous depression. The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression showed significantly greater improvement for moclobemide (69%) than for desipramine (45%). The final assessment of tolerance was good or very good in 87% of moclobemide patients compared with 13% of desipramine patients; 5 patients in the first group and all 15 in the second group complained of adverse effects. One patient on moclobemide and 5 on desipramine stopped treatment prematurely because of poor tolerance; no patients stopped treatment because of lack of efficacy. Assessment in this study was made difficult by concomitant treatment with benzodiazepines and/or mild neuroleptics in both groups, but the results of efficacy and tolerance clearly favour moclobemide over desipramine in the treatment of endogenous depression in hospitalized patients.

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb05325.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY