摘要:

ABSTRACT–A 20‐year‐old Caucasian male with acute leukemia developed acute organic brain failure after treatment with intensive cytostatic chemotherapy. His delirious state was successfully controlled by neuroleptic therapy with intravenous haloperidol and lorazepam. We propose that this regimen may be useful in treating organic brain failure following intensive chemotherapy for malignant di

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1984.tb01198.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–Relatives of patients attending geriatric and psycho‐geriatric day hospitals throughout Scotland were asked to provide details of the problems they experienced looking after their elderly dependent. They also completed Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), to provide an index of degree of emotional disturbance. While differences emerged in the type of problems these two groups of supporters experienced with their dependent, the overall prevalence of emotional disturbance was high in both groups. Implications for the service provided by both types of day hospital are discus

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1984.tb01199.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–Pregnancy's effect on mental health during pregnancy was studied in relation to 17 variables representing the pregnant woman's demographic, social, material, physical and attitudinal characteristics, in an attempt to explain the highly varied effect of pregnancy on mental health which had been observed both among 88 index women with a history of nonorganic psychosis and among 104 demographically similar pregnant control women. Little explanation or predictability was found for the varied effect of pregnancy. Among index cases, only maternal age and the experienced effect of pregnancy on physical health were significantly related to its effect on mental health. In controls, the presence of material‐situational problems and a negative/ambivalent initial reaction to pregnancy were each related to increased change in mental health, i.e. to both improvement and worsening in mental health associated with pregna

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1984.tb01200.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–Age‐specific estimaies of the incidence of schizophrenia in NSW, Australia, have been made using two methods, one based on a psychiatric register and the other based on routinely collected hospital morbidity data. Similar results were obtained by both methods. The estimates lie towards the bottom of the range of incidence estimates of schizophrenia that have been published for some other countries, and are lower than estimates from a number of U.S. studies. The diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia employed by Australian psychiatrists conform closely to DSM‐III cri

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1984.tb01201.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–The effectiveness of lithium prophylaxis has been tested in a group of patients fulfilling the relatively broad ICD‐9 definition of schizophrenic psychosis, schizoaffective type, and in each of the subgroups resulting from the application to the same patients of four different sets of diagnostic criteria for schizoaffective or cycloid psychoses. Moreover, a comparison has been made, within the whole patient population, between responders and non‐responders to treatment, with respect to some clinical and biological variables. The mean number of morbid episodes and the mean total morbidity have been found significantly reduced during the treatment period, as compared with a control period of the same length, in the whole patient population as well as in subjects meeting RDC and Kendell's criteria for schizoaffective disorder (with special regard to schizomanics) and Perris's criteria for cycloid psychoses. No significant difference between the two periods has been observed in patients diagnosed as schizoaffectives according to Welner et al. Clinical/historical variables (with special regard to those concerning the course of the illness and the family history of major psychoses) have been found the most reliable predictors of response, whereas biological variables did not discriminate between responders and nonresponders to prophy

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1984.tb01202.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–In order to investigate the side effect of lithium on renal function the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured before (t0) and after a mean of 16.5 months (t1) (range 12‐25 months) lithium treatment in 13 consecutive patients aged 32‐67 years (mean age 46 years). The patients had a normal renal function before the treatment was started; none of them had previously been treated with lithium. During treatment GFR (ml/min) fell from 101.9 to 98.3 which was not significant. However, standard‐GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) fell from 88.4 to 84.8 (P<0.05) mainly due to a significant rise in body weight and estimated surface area during treatment. No significant changes appeared in plasma creatinine. It is concluded that lithium therapy for a mean of 16.5 months does not affect the glomerular filtration rate:but considerably longer observations of GFR during lithium therapy should be done by means of a reliable GFR measurement

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1984.tb01203.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–In 70 inpatients with major depressive disorder postdexamethasone cortisol and prolactin, but not baseline cortisol and prolactin, was found to correlate significantly with various state variables of depression. Postdexamethasone prolactin appeared to be a more specific state variable of depression compared with postdexamethasone cortisol. While prolactin was decreased following dexamethasone in controls and nonendogenous depressed patients, in endogenous depressed patients prolactin was increased by 30%. Due to this inverse prolactin response to dexamethasone, the sensitivity of this test should be considerably increased by using a higher dexamethasone dosage. The DST failed to be a diagnostic marker for any subgroup of depressio

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1984.tb01204.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–Clinical (psychometric), psychophysiological and biochemical (erythrocyte membrane transport) variables were studied in 44 patients with endogenous depression (unipolar/bipolar) during acute depressive episode and in remission. All parameters studied showed paralleled and unidirectional changes when depression was compared with remission period. During a depressive episode, unipolar patients had greater intensity of depression than bipolar patients. Ouabain‐dependent sodium fluxes were significantly lower in female than in male patients during depression than in remission. In male bipolar patients, the indexes of active transport in erythrocytes showed significant correlations with clinical ratings and with results of psychophysiological tests. The results point to a possible relationship between various levels of physiological functioning in endogenous depression. This suggests a generalised “background” defect of energy‐dependent membrane transport pertaining to both erythrocytes and nerve cells, which may be linked to disturbances of activational processes within the central nervo

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1984.tb01205.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–Moclobemide (Ro 11‐1163), a benzamide derivative, is a MAO‐inhibitor which selectively and reversibly inhibits monoamine oxidase type A. Thirty‐eight patients with episodic, chronic and atypical depressive disorder (DSM‐III) were equally randomized to 6 weeks’ treatment with either three daily doses of 100 mg moclobemide or 50 mg clomipramine. Both treatment groups improved with time as assessed weekly by the Hamilton Depression Scale and the Clinician's Overall Assessment of Depression State, and there was no interaction between treatment and time. Anticholinergic complaints, tremor and dizziness occurred more frequently on ciomipramine, and they were longer lasting and more severe. Because of its low toxicity, good tolerance, its selectivity and reversibility moclobemide may be a better alternative than the older monoamine oxidase

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1984.tb01206.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT–From the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS) a subscale for depression has been derived in the course of a study of depression in which 209 patients took part. The subscale presented in this article comprises 28 items from the original pool and two additional items constructed later. The scale has a high degree of internal consistency and is satisfactorily reliable also among previously unskilled raters who have undergone a minimum of training. It is able to significantly differentiate between ill and recovered patients and among patients with syndromes of different severity according to various classification principles. Reported symptoms rated by the subscale correlated significantly with self‐ratings of depression. Since the original CPRS pool also comprises items for the rating of manic manifestations, the scale is particularly suitable for the study of patients suffering from affective disorders, also when a switch from depression to mania could occur in the course of treatm

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1984.tb01207.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY