摘要:

A double‐blind trial of flupenthixol, nortiptyline and diazepam in neurotic depresion using flexible dose schedules suggeted that each drug is an efficient treatment for this category of depression although the patterns of response and prevalence of side‐effects varied. No differences reaching a level of significance could be shown on rating scales of depression or anxiety, but trends favoured flupenthixol. However, clinical evaluation suggesetd flupenthixol to be more effective than diazepam on mental state examination (P<0.05) and to have a greater overall therapeutic effect than nortriptyline (P<0.05). It also had fewer side‐effets than nortriptyline (P<

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb06940.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is a neuropsychiatric disease with a childhood onset below age 16, characterized by chronic involuntary movements, obsessions, compulsions, utterances, echolalia, coprolalia and aggressive behavior symptoms. Two unique case histories are described in this report, one with an intercurrent history of primary anorexia nervosa and the other with rheumatic encephalitis. They were successfully treated; the former with chlorimipramine, and the latter with combination of L‐tryptophan, nicotinic acid, and pyridoxine HCl. These two cases illustrate the possibility that one neuropsychiatric syndrome may induce another during its evolution when the same anatomo‐biochemical loci of the brain are invol

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb06941.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A six‐item predictive scale for parasuicide repetition was retested on a second sample of Italian parasuicides. All the patients first‐ever admitted after a deliberate self‐harm to the psychiatric department of a general hospital during the period April 1973‐March 1976 were interviewed and followed‐up after an interval of 1 year. The scale showed the same predictive power found in the first sample (1970–73) and gave a range of probability of repetition within 1 year of 15 % at a score of 0 up to 44.8 % at the scores 3, 4, 5, and 6. Moreover it discriminated between repeaters and non‐repeaters at a significant level. Only two items (diagnosis of sociopathy and change of domicile in the last year) of the five items which discriminated repeaters from non‐repeaters in the first study were still significantly associated with repetition, while four additional items (previous in‐patient psychiatric treatment; previous parasuicide resulting in hospital admission; unemployment; criminal record) appeared as new discriminating factors. In spite of these changes the rate of repetition remained constant over the yea

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb06942.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Staff attitudes towards mentally abnormal offenders were investigated on a forensic psychiatric assessment ward as reflected in a drug trial. The attitude towards drug trials was negative in 79 % of the personnel, in contrast to 71 % positive in three Swedish mental hospitals. Of the respondents 75 % considered that drug treatment did not benefit the patients. Then the attitudes of 21 general physicians towards assessment and drug treatment of mentally abnormal offenders as well as towards 10 illnesses were measured by self‐rating scales employing a 10‐cm line technique. Both the assessment and drug treatment of mentally abnormal offenders were the least favoured as compared with somatic illnesses. Other neuropsychiatric disorders ranked with them were also very significantly (P<0.001) less favoured than pneumonia. They considered that these attitudes were shared in general by medical and nursing st

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb06943.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The clinical usefulness of a typology of parasuicide, reported in a previous paper, has been improved. A finer grained classification, using six instead of only three clusters, has proved itself to be clinically highly realistic. By a new method of cluster analysis which examines 80 attributes in each of 350 patients, the following types of parasuicide emerge: (1) operant, not alienated; (2) repeaters; (3) depressed with high life endangerment; (4) operant and alienated; (5) wristcutters; (6) undifferentiated. This more detailed typology may offer some advantages for clinical management and research.

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb06944.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The drug sheets of patients resident in a psychiatric hospital for more than 1 year were reviewed. The simulated discharge system involving the re‐writing of drug sheets every 12 weeks was in operation, but there was only a slight increase in prescription changes at the time of renewal; 35.4 % of prescriptions had been unchanged for 1 year and 4.3 % for 5 years. A high proportion of long‐term prescriptions were for purgatives, hypnotics and neurolept

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb06945.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Zimelidine, a bicyclic compound, which in animal experiments causes specific inhibition of the uptake of 5‐HT, was tried on 15 patients with depression of endogenous type. It produced considerable and highly significant 5‐HT uptake inhibition in rat brain slices incubated in blood plasma from the patient under treatment, but no inhibition of NA uptake.Depressive symptoms were effectively relieved or entirely abolished in about two thirds of the patients. Only four patients did not react to the drug, and three of these were probably in need of NA uptake inhibitors, which on other occasions had worked well on their depressions. These three patients showed an extreme degree of retardation. During zimelidine treatment they were not just unaffected but showed signs of excitation, impatience and desperate feelings. These preliminary findings strongly indicate the true existence of depressive cases in need of an NA uptake inhibitor, but completely resistant to a specific 5‐HT uptake inhibitor.The final dose of zimelidine was 75 mg b.i.d. This dose, although sufficient in most cases, was obviously somewhat low for a few of our patients. The concentration in blood plasma of zimelidine should probably reach a minimum level of 250 nmol/l and norzimelidine 500 nmol/l, and to achieve this a general dosage of 100 mg b.i.d. is recomm

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb06946.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Little research on the husbands of alcoholic women has been reported. A few studies have shown that they often are alcoholics or are suffering from other psychiatric diseases. The present study describes 51 men, married to female alcoholics, as regards alcoholism, other psycho‐social disturbances and mortality, and accounts for the marital situation after an observation period of 6–12 years. A comparison is made with a control group of married male alcoholics.About 50 % of the husbands were shown to be alcoholics, 14 % had been treated for psychiatric diseases and more than 10 % were disabled due to somatic diseases. At the end of the observation period, one‐third of both patient groups were still married, one half of the male and one‐third of the female patients were divorced. Twenty per cent of the marriages among the male patients and 35 % of those among the female patients had been terminated by death. Ten female alcoholics and 14 husbands died, which is a significant excess mortality for both sexes. Mortality among the husbands was higher than expected due to cirrhosis of the liver and diseases of the circulatory

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb06947.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Many popular methods of measuring depression have not been adequately validated for discriminant validity from social desirability. In a study of 26 patients, 14 with secondary depression, and 12 nondepressives, it was shown that the commonly used Beck Depression Inventory and MMPI Depression scale and the Carroll self‐administering version of the Hamilton scales correlate as highly with social undesirability as with each other.Social desirability ratings of item alternatives on the Beck and Hamilton scales by 12 normal students showed the depth of depression to be significantly related to social undesirability response scores. The difficulty of distinguishing depression and social undesirability response set was discussed and it was suggested that “low self‐esteem” may be all that is measured by the rating scales used in thi

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb06948.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Gender discriminating vocabulary tests administered to a consecutive series of 53 male transsexuals show different results. The Slater Selective Vocabulary Test, Cohen's factors and the Terman‐Miles Attitude Interest Analysis Test (M‐F) show male transsexuals to have a higher degree of feminization than normal controls. The Wechsler‐Bellevue Vocabulary Test and the Wechsler M‐F Test are difficult to interpret, and do not show a clear trend of feminization in transsexual males. The investigation has shown that male transsexuals have a vocabulary which differs from that of normal males in the direction of greater femin

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb06949.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY