ISSN:1155-5645    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9592.1995.tb00266.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1155-5645    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9592.1995.tb00267.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1155-5645    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9592.1995.tb00268.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryNineteen paediatric intensive care units were surveyed by questionnaire to provide information on the number of interhospital transfers, the experience of personal accompanying the critically ill child and the equipment available to maintain intensive care during transfer. Replies were received from 17 units. An estimated 800 transfers are performed annually. Three units routinely send intensive care staff to collect patients with an estimated 60% of transfers performed by a variety of staff from referring hospitals. Most respondents believed that existing arrangements for transfer were unsatisfactory, but only four units said that transfer may be prevented or delayed by lack of facilities. We believe that any plan to centralize paediatric intensive care in the UK should also include the means by which to transfer the patient without increasing the risk to the patient.

ISSN:1155-5645    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9592.1995.tb00269.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAfter umbilical hernia surgery, and wound infiltration with bupivacaine 0.5%, 17 children were given ketorolac 0.5 mg·kg−1, with 18 controls receiving only the wound infiltration. No child experienced severe pain, but moderate pain was noted in patients in both groups. Objective and subjective pain scores were not different statistically at any point up to the morning after surge

ISSN:1155-5645    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9592.1995.tb00270.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1155-5645    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9592.1995.tb00271.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe objective of this study was an evaluation of the prevalence of myopathies in paediatric patients scheduled for orthopaedic surgery (clubfoot) performed under regional anaesthesia. Seventeen infants scheduled for lower limb orthopaedic surgery were studied to verify coexisting neuromuscular disorders with electromyography and muscle biopsy during surgery. All surgical procedures were performed under caudal block or spinal anaesthesia, associated with light general anaesthesia. No major cardiorespiratory, neurological or malignant hyperthermic complications (muscle rigidity, arrhythmias, hyperpyrexia) were observed. Combined neurological, electromyographic and biopsy studies showed a high rate of myopathic changes (70%). Performance of clubfoot surgery under light general anaesthesia with regional techniques was free from any problems. The high rate of myopathic changes (70%) observed in the muscle biopsies suggests that precautions should be taken with paediatric patients for clubfoot surgery and a regional anaesthesia technique with adequate monitoring may be helpful to prevent possible malignant hyperthermia related problems.

ISSN:1155-5645    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9592.1995.tb00272.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryNicardipine is the first intravenously administered dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. Its primary physiological actions include vasodilatation with limited effects on the inotropic and dromotropic function of the myocardium. Several reports have documented its use in adult patients for pharmacological control of blood pressure. We present our experience with the perioperative use of nicardipine in children to treat intraoperative hypertension, as an agent for controlled hypotension during spinal fusion and LeFort I maxillary osteotomies and to treat postoperative hypertension. Dosing regimens and possible applications in paediatric anaesthesia are discussed.

ISSN:1155-5645    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9592.1995.tb00273.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis is a retrospective study covering the ten‐year period 1984–1993. Single shot spinal morphine (ITM) is compared with PCA nalbuphine for postoperative pain relief in children having abdominal or thoracic procedures. The records of 52 patients meeting selection criteria were examined. Nursing and physician notations were reviewed for hourly pain assessments, evidence of associated complications, respiratory depression, nausea and or vomiting, pruritus, and urinary retention. ITM provided significantly better pain relief (2.2 h in pain) during the first 24 h postoperatively than PCA nalbuphine (9.2 h in pain). With the exception of urinary retention which was significantly more frequent following ITM (58.6%) compared to PCA nalbuphine (8.7%), narcotic related complications were not different between the two groups. No difference in duration of hospital stay or ICU stay could be demonstrated. We conclude that ITM provides better pain relief, without more serious complications, than PCA nalbuphine. We recommend it as a safe, effective technique to treat postoperative pain in children following thoracic or upper abdominal procedu

ISSN:1155-5645    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9592.1995.tb00274.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryNonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to be as effective as opioid analgesia following tonsillectomy in children. Opioids are still frequently used but tonsillectomy is associated with a high incidence of vomiting. This study has attempted to assess postoperative analgesic consumption and nausea and vomiting after general anaesthesia for tonsillectomy using either paracetamol premedication, paracetamol plus a NSAID or intravenous morphine to provide postoperative analgesia. Some children required a rescue dose of morphine in the recovery room, including some who had received intravenous morphine at induction. Least supplementary morphine was required by those who had received paracetamol plus ketorolac. Postoperative nausea and vomiting was significantly less in the two groups which were not given intraoperative morphine. The number of vomiting incidents was also much less. We conclude that the preoperative administration of paracetamol alone provides satisfactory analgesia in many children but that supplementary analgesia is still required for som

ISSN:1155-5645    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9592.1995.tb00275.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY