摘要:

AbstractZiel der Untersuchungen war es, den Energiefluß einer Maisstärkefabrik darzustellen sowie den produktbezogenen Energieverbrauch zur Herstellung von Maisstärke, Glucosesirup und Nebenprodukten zu ermitteln. Der untersuchte Betrieb verwendete, bezogen auf die eingesetzte Primärenergie 69,3% Erdgas und 30,7% Strom. Nach der innerbetrieblichen Energiewandlung standen 84,6% der eingesetzten Primärenergie zur Herstellung von Stärke, Glucosesirup, Keimöl, Kleber und anderen Nebenprodukten zur Verfügung. Diese Nutzenergie setzte sich aus 30,2% Kraftstrom, 0,5% Lichtstrom, 46,8% Dampfwärme und 7,1% Heizgaswärme zusammen. Zur Quellung, Quellwassereindampfung und ‐trocknung wurden 15,8%, zur Stärkeextraktion und‐raffination 10,8%, zur Stärketrocknung 11,9%, zur Glucosesirupgewinnung 12,7% und zur Herstellung von Keimöl, Kleber und weiteren Nebenprodukten 22,0% der Primärenergie verbraucht. Der Anteil der Wärmerückgewinnung betrug 4,4%. Der kumulierte produktbezogene Primärenergieverbrauch zur Herstellung von Maisstärke betrug unter Einbeziehung des Energieverbrauchs für die landwirtschaftliche Erzeugung und den Transport des Maises sowie für den Produkttransport 12 060 und für die Herstellung von

ISSN:0038-9056    

DOI:10.1002/star.19860380402

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe structure and properties of endosperm starch from high‐amylose mutants of rice were examined. The starch in the mutants was characterized by a higher content of amylose and loosely branched amylopectin with longer chains compared with non‐mutant starch. The starch granules in the mutants showed high temperatures of gelatinization and a type B pattern in X‐ray diffractometry. These properties were similar to those of amylose‐extender (ae) starch of maize. The effect of locations where rice plants were grown on the endosperm starches of one high‐amylose mutant and a non‐mutant was also i

ISSN:0038-9056    

DOI:10.1002/star.19860380403

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractResidual protein of rice starch granules prepared from milled rice by protein extraction with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or alkaline protease treatment was related to amylose content. SDS‐polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis confirmed that the major protein in nonwaxy starch granules was theWxgene product with subunit molecular weight of about 60,000 daltons. TheWxgene product was absent in waxy starch granule

ISSN:0038-9056    

DOI:10.1002/star.19860380404

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractShear stress relaxation measurements were used to characterize native potato starch gels, and modified gels, such as starch acetate, distarch phosphate, dihydroxypropyl distarch phosphate and lipid coated starch. It was found that cross‐linking and lipid coating greatly increased the stiffness of the gels, which was observed as increased relaxation modulus (G). These gels behaved like viscoelastic solids, which was observed as increased relaxation times (T½) and increased apparent residual moduls (G∞). During ageing, an increase in G and T½ as well as in G∞ was observed for the native starch, the starch acetate and the distarch phosphate. The hydroxypropoyl distarch phosphate and the lipid coated starch were very stable during ageing. To interpret the results in terms of the structure of the starch gel, the gel was described as a composite material, and the stress relaxation results were discussed according to a cooperative theory

ISSN:0038-9056    

DOI:10.1002/star.19860380405

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe influence of sodium chloride, sucrose and pH on the pasting characteristics of corn starch phosphate monoesters (SPM) with different degrees of substitution (D.S.) were investigated. The SPM with D.S. of 0.055 showed a marked decrease of the initial viscosity with an increase of sucrose concentration up to 55%. The opposite effect was observed for the SPM with D.S. of 0.113 and 0.147. All the SPM presented a higher final viscosity with an increase of sucrose concentration. A significant decrease of the initial viscosity and of all other pasting characteristics of the initial viscosity and of all other pasting characteristics was noted in the presence of sodium chloride. The phosphated starches were not stable in acidic medium and showed some reduction of their pasting characteristics in alkaline medium.

ISSN:0038-9056    

DOI:10.1002/star.19860380406

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStarch dialdehyde thiosemicarbazones of various degree of substitution were prepared and their biological activity studied against some saprophytes, fungi andMycobacterium tuberculosis.

ISSN:0038-9056    

DOI:10.1002/star.19860380407

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA new, immobilized glucose isomerase high productivity has been developed for isomerization of glucose into high fructose syrups. Soluble glucose isomerase fromStreptomyces rubiginosusis highly purified and electrostatically adsorbed onto a granular DEAE‐cellulose comprised of fibrous DEAE‐cellulose, food grade polystyrene and titania. The same enzyme on fibrous DEAE‐cellulose has been in commercial use in the United States since 1968. Because the soluble enzyme is electrostatically adsorbed to the carrier, the immobilized enzyme can be regenerated after use and the carrier reloaded with fresh soluble enzyme. Regeneration and reimmobilization can be repeated several times thus providing a minimum cost enzyme‐carrier system. The enzyme is tightly bound to the carrier during isomerization. The immobilized isomerase is compatible with bisulfite in the substrate sufficient to stabilize the enzyme and provide a degree of protection against infection at low isomerization temperature. High purity and high specific activity of the soluble enzyme make possible high activity levels for the immobilized enzyme with potencies of up to 1500 IGIU/g. There occurs essentially no elution of color from the immobilized enzyme during start up of isomerization. Due to the combination of low compressibility of the particles and high immobilized activity, productivities greater than 9 metric tons of 42% fructose syrup solidsPerkg of immobilized enzyme are being achieved on a commercia

ISSN:0038-9056    

DOI:10.1002/star.19860380408

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn der Zuckerindustrie wird der Aschegehalt in Roh‐ und Weißzucker seit Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts mit Hilfe Konduktometrischer Verfahren bestimmt; in der Stärkeverzuckerungsindustrie wird dagegen immer noch die zeitaufwendige und arbeitsintensive gravimetrische Sulfataschebestimmung durchgeführt. In dieser Arbeit wird eine weitere konduktometrische Methode vorgestellt, bei der durch Messen der Leitfähigkeit in höher konzentrierten Hydrolysatlösungen der Sulfataschegehalt indirekt bestimmt wird. Die Untersuchungen zeigen, daß sich bei der Messung der spezifischen Leitfähigkeit in den Hydrolysatproben bei der einer Trockensubstanz von 27–30% (refraktometrisch) ein Leitfähigkeitsmaximum einstellt, das gegenüber Mineralstoffgehalt, Ionenzusammensetzung und Viskosität des Nichtleiters unempfindlich is. Hieraus wurden Diagramme entwickelt, aus denen der Sulfataschegehalt ermittelt werden kann. Im Vergleich zur gravimetrischen Sulfataschebestimmung ist die konduktometrische Methode zeitsparender, einfacher in der Durchführung und zuverlässiger in der Reproduzierbarkei

ISSN:0038-9056    

DOI:10.1002/star.19860380409

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0038-9056    

DOI:10.1002/star.19860380410

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0038-9056    

DOI:10.1002/star.19860380411

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY