摘要:

AbstractField investigations were carried out at the Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, India during 1989—1990 to study the genotypic character association in sesame. The F4 and F5 generations of TSS6 X TMV3 and TMV3 X TSS6 were raised and eight genotypic characters were recorded: plant height; primary branches; secondary branches; capsule number per plant; seed number per capsule; 1000 seed—weight; oil content and seed yield per plant. Correlation studies showed that the magnitude and direction of correlation between eight pairs of traits varied with generations in both crosses involving two genotypes reciprocally. Single plant yield had a strong significant and positive relationship with capsule number in both generations of the two cross combinations indicating the close link between the two traits. The path coefficient analysis revealed that direct and indirect contributions by different traits primary branches, secondary branches, capsule number per plant, seed number per capsule and 1000—seed weight had to be considered as the most important traits in the determination of seed yield and selection of pa

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00560.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwenty‐seven soybean (Glycine maxL. (Merrill)) cultivars from maturity groups (MG) 00 through V were grown in a field at Lexington, Kentucky (38° N latitude), for 2 years, to evaluate the relationship between the duration of reproductive growth and total growth duration. Reproductive growth stages were measured at weekly intervals and dates of R1 (initial bloom) and R5 (beginning seed fill) were estimated by linear interpolation. The date of physiological maturity (growth stage R7) was based on measurements made at two day intervals. The total growth duration increased from 84 days (averaged across years) for MG 00 to 134 days for MG V. Vegetative growth (planting to R5) increased in direct proportion to the total growth cycle. The flowering and pod set period (Rl to R5) was similar for MG 00 and 0, but increased from MG I to IV. The seed filling period, estimated from R5 to R7 and by the effective filling period, increased from MG 00 to I, but there was no change from MG I through V. These data indicate that the duration of seed fill does not always increase as the total growth cycle increas

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00561.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEleven upland rice genotypes of varying growth duration and plant stature were evaluated in two cropping systems: monocrop and intercrop, with pigeon pea cv. Upas120, in order to study the effects of intercropping on rice grain yield and its contributing characteristics during 1990 to 1992 wet seasons. Cropping system and cropping system × genotype interaction effects were significant for yield ha−1, panicle weight, panicles m−2and spikelet fertility suggesting the need for evaluating and selecting genotypes suitable for intercropping. Rice grain yield reduction in the intercrop ranged from 24.5 % in genotype RR 203‐16 to 54.5 % in genotype Aditya. Panicle weight, total dry matter at flowering as well as at harvest, and harvest index were also reduced. Plant height and panicle weight were positively associated with yield in both systems, however, the yield was positively and significantly correlated with spikelets per panicle and spikelet fertility with the intercropping system. The correlation between cropping systems indicated the possibility of simultaneous improvement for these characteristics in monocropping and intercr

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00562.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo improve nutrient management strategies in wheat more information is needed about the interaction effects among nutrients in their uptake and redistribution in the plants, in relation to different genotypes. Therefore, two bread (T. aestivumL.) and two durum (T. durumDesf.) winter wheat cultivars were grown in the field for 2 years (1986, 1987) in a silty‐clay soil under different nitrogen (N) levels, in Northern Greece. Nitrogen at a rate of 150 kg ha−1was applied before planting or 100 kg ha−1before planting and then 50 kg ha−1at early boot stage. Cultivar differences in phosphorus (p) concentration were observed only in vegetative parts but not in the grain. Maximum p accumulation was observed either at anthesis or at maturity. During grain filling dry matter and p accumulation in the grain followed almost the same pattern. Phosphorus translocation efficiency of the cultivars at the 2 years ranged from 70.7 to 84.3 % and the amount of p in the grain derived from translocation 52 to 100 %. Phosphorus translocation efficiency was weakly correlated with p content in grain only in 1986, while phosphorus harvest index (PHI) was positively correlated with harvest indst (HI) both years (r = 0.82** in 1986 and 0.75** in 1987). Nitrogen application mainly affected p accumulation of the cultivars via its effect on biomass production. The split N application promoted slightly the p uptake in 1987 and this resulted in the reduction of both the contribution of the translocated p to the grain and the efficiency of p utilization for total biomass. Results indicated that p accumulation and translocation and the efficiency of p utilization in wheat were mainly determined by the genotype in relation to environmental condition of

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00563.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSoil evaporation, water use, yield of sweet corn (Zea maysL.) and water use efficiency as affected by two irrigation methods (trickle and sprinkler) and four values of irrigation water were studied in field plot experiments during 1991 and 1992 in the Jordan Valley. Irrigation regimes were imposed on a clay soil via line source sprinkler irrigation and trickle irrigation in three replicates. Four increasing amounts of water (W1, W2, W3, and W4) were applied twice a week with W3 adjusted to compensate for evaporation measured by class A pan on the site. Soil water content was measured just before each irrigation event at 150 mm increments starting at a depth of 75 mm using a neutron meter.With deficit irrigation and during incomplete canopy cover, the trickle irrigation method resulted in a substantial water saving owing to the small area of wetted ground surface compared with complete wetting of the ground surface with sprinkler irrigation method. Soil evaporation (E) under sprinkler Irrigation was significantly higher than Es under trickle irrigation method, whilst water use (WU) with sprinkler irrigation was slightly higher than WU with trickle irrigation at the same water level. With the lower irrigation water amounts (less than W3), trickle irrigated sweet corn yielded better than sprinkle irrigated sweet corn. However, sweet corn yields became comparable at excess irrigation for both trickle and sprinkler irrigation methods, because excess water compensated for the adverse effect of soil evaporation. Also, water use efficiency (WUE) with trickle irrigation was higher than WUE with sprinkler irrigation, and the maximum WUE occurred at 366 and 410 mm water use for both trickle and sprinkler irrigation, respectively.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00564.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe objective of our studies was to investigate the effect of high temperature on cabbage cultivars which were different in heat tolerance in terms of head formation.We determined whether there were cultivar differences in the properties of epicuticular wax, growth parameters such as leaf number, leaf area and dry weight and whether these factors contribute to head formation under stress.Four cabbage varieties including the Japanese heat tolerant cultivar Sousyu, were grown in pots at different temperatures in growth chambers.The stability of the wax differed with the varieties. The wax of Kinsyun melted at a temperature of 32 °C during the day and 29 °C during the night, while the wax of the other varieties was more stable. The density of the tubes, plates or fibrils could be observed by light reflection. For Kinsyun as the low density caused a low reflection, the leaf colour was green, while for Sousyu the leaf colour was blue/white for Akiou, green/ blue and for Braunschweiger, blue.We conclude that the function of cuticular wax in limiting cuticular transpiration is a product of the architecture of the deposits and the quantity of wax per unit area of leaf surface. Neither the wax structure nor the amount of eight varieties could be correlated with heat tolerance in terms of head formatio

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00565.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY