摘要:

AbstractGrowth, nodulation and nitrogen (N) fixation efficiency of Banki (Local) and ICGS‐44 (exotic) varieties of groundnut was significantly (P<0.05) improved by their inoculation either with NC‐92 or Rudy Patric (R.P.) strains of rhizobium. Nodules did not form without inoculation in plants growing in sterilized sand. Inoculation with R.P. strain of rhizobium resulted in greater shoot growth, N content in shoot and number and weight of nodules in groundnut varieties. The R.P. inoculant increased agronomic efficiency by 112.5 % in Banki and 100 % in ICGS‐44 variety of groundnut. Improvement in N fixation efficiency by inoculation with R.P. inoculant was 334 and 286% in Banki and ICGS‐44 variety, respectively. However, Physiological efficiency was maximum in Banki variety when inoculated with NC‐92 strain of

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00576.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn order to investigate the significance of seed source on yield and related characters 47 seed lots of seven faba bean varieties and 24 seed lots of five dry pea varieties were tested in three series of field trials. The grain yield of the faba bean varieties tested was considerably modified by seed source, whereas only small and nonsignificant effects of seed source were found in dry peas. In general, seed sources with a high thousand grain weight, a high protein content, high portions of undamaged and healthy seeds, and in faba beans a high degree of cross‐fertilization exhibited superior grain yields. Production of high‐performance seed proved to be the most difficult for the large‐seeded and white‐flowered faba bean varieties. Based on a tabular summary on factors affecting effects of seed source problems of seed production in both grain legumes and their impact on yield are di

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00577.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo trials were conducted at the Mexican National Institute of Agricultural Research Experiment Station at Yaqui Valley, Sonora, Mexico to investigate the nature and extent of agronomic variation in 50 synthetic hexaploid (SH) wheats (2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) derived fromTriticum turgidum(2n = 4x = 28. AABB) ×T. tauschii(In = 2x = 14, DD) crosses for subsequent use in wheat improvement. Plant height, spike length, days to flowering, physiological maturity, grain yield, above‐ground biomass at maturity, harvest index, yield components and test weight were determined.Significant agronomic variation was observed among the germplasm evaluated. Outstanding SH genotypes were identified with higher grain yield, above‐ground biomass at maturity, 1000‐grain weight, and spikes m−2than the bread wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) check cultivar Seri 82. Genotypic correlations of grain yield with other character traits show that grain m2was the most important determinant of gram yield (r = 0.993). Data on agronomic traits subjected to complete linkage cluster analysis resulted in classifying the genotypes into two distinct phenotypic groups excluding Seri 82. Groups generally corresponded to durum progenitors of the SH with significant group differences for all characters. This demonstrates use of practical numerical analysis procedures to describe agronomic variation in representative SH genotypes. Clustering by quantitativy traits may be valuable for identification of genotypes with divergent sources for breeding and agronomic

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00578.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTen charges of15N‐labelled straw with different C/N ratios were incubated with lightly loamed sand at 25 °C and 50 % of the maximum water capacity. At the start of the 18‐week incubation, mineral nitrogen was added and the15Nmin(NH4and NO3‐N) content was determined six times during the course of the experiment. A slow release of15N was observed. After 111 days, between 2.5 and 13.0% of the total applied15N was mineralized. The addition of ammonium sulphate caused an increasing degradation of organic N compounds of the straw material even during the first weeks. Finally, between 6.4 and 33.3 %15N was released. The15N release only partially shows the straw degra

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00579.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCompetition between timothy (Phleum pratenseL.) and meadow fescue (FestucapratensisHuds.) under three levels of nitrogen was studied during three growing seasons under northern climatic conditions, 69° N latitude. Timothy initially had higher competitive abilities, particularly when nitrogen was added, but due to a higher regrowth capacity, meadow fescue was able to compete with timothy increasingly over time. The species differed in their growth patterns. Timothy had a higher proportion of reproductive tillers and a larger leaf area in the upper parts of the canopy at the first harvest, especially at high nitrogen‐fertilization. Consequently, timothy shaded meadow fescue during the reproductive stage of growth. After defoliation, regrowth of timothy halted for one to two weeks. Meadow fescue, by contrast, had higher tiller numbers than timothy, a higher number of intact growing points, and resumed shoot‐growth rapidly after defoliation. Due to these traits, the competitive abilities of meadow fescue increased each year relative to tim

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00580.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOchrus chickling (Lathyrus ochrus(L.) D.C.) is a promising feed legume for rain‐fed farming systems in the Mediterranean environments of West Asia and North Africa (WANA) because of its drought tolerance and resistance to broom rape (Orobanche crenataForsk.). However, it is highly susceptible to cold and improving Its resistance would further improve its adaptation.The potential of the chlorophyll fluorescence technique in screening for frost sensitivity in seedlings of fiveLathyrus ochrusgenotypes and one each ofVicia ervilia(L.) Wild andV. sativaL. was assessed by measuring the rate of rise in induced or variable chlorophyll fluorescence of fully developed leaflets after cold hardening in the open and subsequent exposure to freezing. The method differentiated the highly frost‐susceptibleL. ochrusgenotypes from the more tolerantViciaspecies. Testing the technique with nine genotypes ofL. ochrusin which the plants were established, cold‐hardened and frost‐stressed under controlled conditions confirmed its sensitivity even to reveal the narrow inter plant differences that generally exist within a cultivar or genotype to frost. It is therefore considered as a useful screening technique for cold/frost tolerance inL.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00581.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEnhancement of cold tolerance is an important aspect in breeding forage legumes in view of increasing interest in extending the cultivation of these crops. Three classes of characters — morphological, morpho‐physiological and biochemical — were considered in selection for cold‐tolerance between and within forage legume species under contrasting growing conditions in the field and a plastic house.Significant correlation was found between cold damage and concentration of sugars m roots of various forage legume species which were grown under field conditions and subjected to natural frost. Both morphological as well as morpho‐physiological characters were related to cold tolerance inLathyrus ochrus(L.) DC. This indicated that chemical constituents cannot be used as a sole criterion to select for winter‐hardy strains of this species. Root‐shoot ratio showed a consistent relationship with tolerance to cold irrespective of the growing conditions and season. Hence, sugar concentration and root‐shoot ratio are useful characters in testing species found cold tolerant by other methods. The root‐shoot ratio could be used for testing cold tolerance under controlled conditions. The number of primary branches per plant, root weight and shoot weight may be used as morphological characters in selection for cold tolerance inL. ochrusunder

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00582.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA simple randomized field experiment was conducted for two years to test the comparative efficacy of three sources of leaf‐applied phosphorus (sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate, diammonium phosphate and monocalcium superphosphate) on the yield performance of mustard (Brassica junceaL. Czern. and Coss.) var. Varuna. The quantity of P was 3.5 kg ha−1. In addition, 20 kg N and 2 (or 6) kg S ha−1were included in the spray applied in two equal splits at 70 and 90 days as supplement to the basal application of 60 kg N, 17.5 kg P and 33.2 kg K ha−1. The two‐year data revealed that spray treatments were significantly efficacious in augmenting most of the yield attributing parameters as well as seed and oil yield by about 20% over the water‐sprayed control. However, as the three sources of phosphorus proved equally effective, commercial grade monocalcium superphosphate could be preferred over others due to its cost effectiveness and easy a

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00583.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book review in this articleJanick, J. and J. E. Simon (ed.), New Crops. John Wiley and Sons Inc.Dabbert, S., Ökonomik der Bodenfruchtbarkeit

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00584.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY