摘要:

AbstractPhysiological analysis of yielding ability in moth bean varieties under rainfed condition revealed that in spite of sufficient amount of dry matter production, the crop is a poor seed yielder. Late varieties produced higher amounts of dry matter and seed. The low yield in this crop is owing to low net assimilation rate (NAR) during the reproductive phase and poor migration coefficient of assimilates towards seeds. Leaf area expansion was maximum during reproductive phase. Stomatal components were not evident to limit the NAR under rainfed condition. Varietal differences were observed with respect to transpiration. Temporal variations in leaf water potential, osmotic potential and pressure potential were recorded. It is concluded that in moth bean the improvement in seed yield is possible by increasing current photosynthetic rate during the reproductive phase and can be achieved by changing the crop canopy structure for better utilization of light. Effort should also be made to improve harvest index in this crop.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1995.tb00196.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExperiments conducted m a phytotron on three rice varieties of different salinity tolerance revealed an increase in the content of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) with increasing NaCl salinity in IR20 (semi salt‐tolerant), but in Pokkali (salt‐tolerant) and IR28 (salt‐sensitive) the increase in ABA content was marginal. Under sahnity stress, in general, 5 weekly sprayings of ABA (10‐4mol L‐1) decreased Na and K concentrations in the shoot to the extent of 29.5 % and 3.3 %, respectively. However, ABA application significantly improved the K/Na ratio as well as the chlorophyll fluorescence decrease ratio (Rfd, indicator for potential photosynthetic activity), the number of green leaves per plant and the shoot dry weight. The response of IR20 and IR28 to ABA application was significantly better than that of Pokkali. Increasing salinity caused marked nutrient imbalances, decreased Rfd values and shoot dry weight. The results are discussed in relation to possible mechanism of salinity

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1995.tb00197.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGroundnut pods stored in gunny bags, polythene lined gunny bags, polythene lined gunny bags with fused CaCl2, mud pots, and bamboo baskets showed significant differences in germination and vigour. The increased viability of pods in polythene lined gunny bag with fused CaCl2is attributed to low moisture content and high dehydrogenase activity. The present study showed that the viability of groundnut pods could be enhanced using desiccant like fused Calcium Chloride.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1995.tb00198.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA pot experiment was conducted on Black nightshade (Solanum nigrumL.) to study the effect of urea nitrogen and select the optimum dose required for its vegetative and reproductive growth, leaf NPK content, yield of fruit and fruit solasodine. Urea was applied at 0.0, 0.45, 0.90, 1.35, 1.80 and 2.25 g N per pot which contained 3.5 kg soil. Seeds were sown directly in pots and plant samples were drawn at fortnightly intervals for recording growth and yield parameters. In addition, solasodine content in fruit and N, P and K in leaves were also estimated. The results showed that all the parameters were influenced by N. In general, N at 1.80 g per pot was optimal.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1995.tb00199.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInfluence of a Plant Growth Regulator on the ‘Sink’ Capacity of Oilseed Rape (Brassica napusL.)A pot experiment was carried out to examine the effect of the plant growth regulator Triapenthenol (RSW) on the apical dominance of oilseed rape and its corresponding effect on the plant's ‘sink’ capacity. RSW's influence on the number of flower primordia, flowers, pods, yield and yield structure of the whole plant and of different fractions of the plant (main shoot, lateral shoots 1–3, lateral shoots>3; 1st, 2nd and 3rd‐order lateral shoots) and its effect on gibberellin content and shoot height was measured.RSW diminished dominance of the main shoot and of 1st‐order lateral shoots: the initiation of flower primordia was increased to about 34% and 116%, respectively, in fraction lateral shoots higher than 3 and 3rd‐order lateral shoots. Buds developed in a more synchronized pattern leading to a significantly improved number of flowers and pods in fraction lateral shoots higher than 3. Despite an increased number of pods per plant, grain yield remained unchanged because of a decrease in the number of seeds per pod and an unaffected thousand‐kernel weight.A decreased content of gibberelhn A19 (GA19), GA20, GA1 and GA8 was evident after application of RSW, and a correlation between gibberellin‐content and shoot height was found.The results of this study suggest that high levels of such GAs, that primarily promote shoot elongation and strengthen the apical dominance within the plant, limit the plant's ‘sink’ capacity. These effects may be due to a gibberellin

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1995.tb00200.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of water regimes and soil moisture stress on total nodule number, effective nodule number, nodule dry weight, nitrogenase activity and nitrogen fixation in soybean was studied. The effective nodule number, nodule weight, nitrogenase activity and nitrogen fixation increased due to increase in water regimes from 0.4 to 0.6 Cumulative Pan Evaporation (CPE). The stress during either flowering or pod filling reduced the effective nodule number, nodule weight, nitrogenase activity and nitrogen fixation. The amount of nitrogen fixed was maximum with 0.8 CPE (50.09 kg ha‐1season‐1) followed by 0.6 CPE (42.08 kg ha‐1season‐1) and 0.4 CPE (33.04 kg ha‐1season‐1). The amount of nitrogen fixed was reduced by 17.71 % and 26.39 % due to stress during flowering and pod filling respectively compared to normal

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1995.tb00201.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMeasurement of gas exchange in faba‐bean leaves (Vida fabaL.)By means of gas‐exchange measurements (minicuvette system and porometer), photosynthesis and its light dependence was investigated on attached leaves of different varieties of faba beans. The results showed no relevant difference in photosynthetic capacity for the varieties. This is true also for parameters calculated from light dependence, i.e. light compensation point, light saturation, and quantum yield. Generally, the light compensation point lay under 50 μE PAR/m2/s and light saturation was reached at about 1400 μE PAR/m2/ s. Photosynthesis was strongly dependent on leaf age and difference in photosynthetic capacity due to different varieties could be excluded as an essential reason for different rates of flowers dropping and pod dropping in faba

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1995.tb00202.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe faba bean (Vicia fabaL.) is an important grain legume world wide, yet the relationship between light intensity and nodule development and N2fixation has received minimal attention. An experiment was conducted to study the effects of shading on faba bean growth, seed yield, nodule development, and the distribution of total N and total sugar among plant parts. Seeds of the V.fabacultivarXichang Dabaiwere sown in pots at Xichang. China, in 1986–90. The plants subjected to 50 % and 20 % shading for 145 d had thinner and taller main stem than the control, and fewer flowers, pods, and seeds. Poor dry weight of organs and less developed underground parts were recognized. Shading caused the deficiency of photosynthate (supply), subsequently less nodules formed poorer fresh weight of nodules was produced and nodule senescing advanced. Total N and total sugar contents per plant and in roots, stems and leaves were consistently lower under shading regimes, but the contents in nodules did not change significantly. It seems that the insufficient photosynthate supply limited both N and C metabolism in shading plants by first limiting growth of the whole plant and nodule, and that the lower total N content in faba bean plant under shading regime was attributed to an decreased effective nodule mass and advanced nodule senescin

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1995.tb00203.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractComparative trials with durum‐wheat landraces and cultivars in different ecological environments in the mediterranean regionDurum‐wheat landraces (local varieties) and cultivars (released varieties) were examined for grain yield and some qualitative traits in three environments in 1985 and 1986. The purpose of this research was the preservation of the local genetic material and its use in durum‐wheat breeding programmes in mediterranean countries. It was confirmed that, during the graining period (heading to yellow ripeness), the landraces were more resistant to drought and high temperatures than the cultivars. A short graining period led to a sharp rise in the percentage of protein. On the other hand, the protein content decreased when the grain yield increased. Contrary to the cultivars, the vitrousness of some landraces was not negatively influenced by high soil moisture during the graining period. These landraces combined high grain yield with a high percentage of vitrous kernels and can be considered as valuable gene material for breeding pur

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1995.tb00204.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY