摘要:

AbstractThe germination behaviour of glyphosate‐treated seeds of two wheat cultivars was investigated. Ten concentrations of the herbicide (480 g/L.) ranged from zero to 260 g. a.i./Fed. were applied to the dry seeds by soaking for two hours. Germination was then conducted in petri dishes on filter paper at average daily maximum and minimum temperatures of 19.65 and 6.15 °C in the laboratory. Seedling growth behaviour was recorded periodically at the 4th, 7th and 10th day of germination.The results indicated that glyphosate treatment at different concentrations did not affect the germination percentage in both wheat cultivars. On the other hand, in comparison to the control, the herbicide treatment caused significant reduction in maximum seedling root and shoot lengths. The reduction increased proportionally by increasing the herbicide concentration. Treatments with high concentrations of the glyphosate caused significant reduction in total root number per seedling in cv. Sakha 8. At concentrations of 260, 130 and 65 g a.i./Fed. all seeds exhibited root aberration in both wheat cultivars.Clear variation in cultivar susceptability to glyphosate treatment was observed, particularly at concentrations lower than 65 g a.i./Fed.However, cv.Giza 155seemed to possess better survival to glyphosate treatment than cv.Sakha 8concerning root inhibition percentage and seedling part measurements. The results indicated the practical importance of the reactions of different genetic codes to the herbicide in the field including the crop and the wee

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1988.tb00333.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Regulation of Water Transport in pelleted Sugar‐Beet SeedIt is decisive for the quality of pelleted seed that the access of water to the seed grain through the artificial coat around the seed, for instance in sugar beet, is not inhibited. Therefore coating materials with a substantial composition of a certain structure in layers that allows a control of the water access are optimal.In addition to it a regulation of the water transport to the seed grain and the embryo, respectively, can be achieved, if salts of bi‐ or trivalent metals in doses of 4 to 30 % are added which develop aquacomplexes of changing composition. These aquacomplexes can be regarded as a water reservoir that is able, according to the exterior conditions (temperature, environmental moisture) to release or to bind additionally water to certain limits.In this way not only the germinating ability of seed is being improved, but it is also obtained an increase of field emergence at changing soil moisture, especially in the suboptimal ra

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1988.tb00334.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractField experiments showed that superior control of the existing weed flora was obtained by applying: alachlor + linuron, alachlor + chloramben and cyanazine. Herbicidal treatments of alachlor, trifluralin, prometryn and oxadiazon were highly effective in controlling dominant weed species. Some herbicidal treatments produced sunflowers with larger head diameter as compared to unweeded check. As a result of suppressed weed interference, alachlor in combination with linuron or chloramben and cyanazine accounted for the highest seed yield values in 1985 and 1986.Chemical analyses exhibited that sunflower oil content was not affected by weed control applications. Furthermore, oil constituents (oleic, linoleic, steric and palmitic fatty acids) expressed insignificant responses to applied treatments.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1988.tb00335.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInvestigations on the utilization of the generative storage potential of indeterminated field bean genotypes (Vicia fabaL.)The gradation in seed yield between and within the inflorescences of a field bean plant results from a hierarchical control by way of internal competition in connection with hormonal regulation. Following this hypothesis in genotypes with different yielding capacity (2 inbred lines, 1 hybrid) the two proximal flowers/inflorescence of the nodes 3–6 (counted from the bottom of the plant) were either removed or treated with growth regulators. AMO‐1618 was applied for inhibition of the gibberellic acid biosynthesis, or chlorflurenolmethylester (CFM) for reduction of indole‐3yl acetic acid translocation as both phytohormones might be concerned with the hierarchical control of the storage system. — Independent from yield level a reduction of the used storage potential in control plants up to 50% by treatments was fully compensated for in other regions and positions of the plant. AMO‐1618 application in some cases indicated an increased seed yield/plant, whereas CFM only increased the number of sterile pods/plant. These effects are discussed in relation to the storing efficiency and to yield stability of an indeterminated faba b

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1988.tb00336.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractField trials were conducted at Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi to find out appropriate agronomical technique, as method of planting, sowing date, time and dose of nitrogen application and synergistic effect of companion crops. Results demonstrated that (i) six weeks old seedlings ofCenchrus ciliarishave good vigour potential for vegetative propagation, (ii) its planting is most appropriate in last week of June, (iii) it requires 80 kg N in split doses (40 kg N at sowing and 40 kg N 30 days after sowing) and (iv) seed yielding potential ofCenchrus ciliarisfurther increased with companion crop of Sesame (Sesamum indicum). Thus it is pointed out that these agronomical requirement is necessary for reaping potential seed yield ofCenchrus ciliaris.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1988.tb00337.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractField trial studies were carried out to find out whether performance of soybean could be improved as a result of pre‐sowing soaking treatment of seeds. Comparatively pre‐sowing seed treatment with KNO3, NaNO3, NaCl, thiourea and di‐Ammonium phosphate (DAP) resulted in better development of the root and shoot system than the control. As a result of pre sowing seed treatment, there was an increase in dry matter production by 44, 27 and 32 % over the control in KNO3, NaNO3and DAP treatments respectively. Similarly increase in seed yield was noticed in NaNO3(45 %), KNO3(40 %) and DAP (50 %) pretreated plants. The number of existing nodules was reduced both in the control and treated plants due to pH (8.4) of the soil.To investigate the cumulative effects of foliar spray on plants raised from pre‐sowing seed treatment, salt solutions (NaCl, KNO3, NaNO3, thiourea, DAP) at optimal level were sprayed separately three times at three different stages of development. As a result of foliar spray moderate increase in growth in KNO3(20 %), thiourea (29 %) and DAP (25 %) treatment was observed over the control. Seed yield increased significantly (56–70 %) in all treatments except NaCl spray, due to increase in the number of pods (41–63 %) per plant. Foliar spray of nutrients increased protein yield without affecting the oil content. It is suggested that a considerable fertilizer economy may be effected by coupling pre‐sowing seed treatment with foliar

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1988.tb00338.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study was carried out at the Agricultural Experiment Station of King Saud University near Riyadh (26° N, 46° E) during the 1984/85 season to study the effect of shading densities on the agronomic and growth parameters of sugarbeet. Two cultivars were grown under three shading nets with densities of 37, 50 and 70 % in addition to the control (0 % shading = normal sunlight condition).The results indicated that shading affected the growth and the weight of sugarbeet plants and the effects were function of shading density. Root weights were drastically reduced by increasing shading density, whereas top weights were less affected.Increasing shading density resulted in a significant increase in specific leaf area, leaf area ratio while it decreased leaf area index, root weight ration, net assimilation rate and crop growth rate for both cultivars. The interaction between shading densities and sampling dates was significant for most of the studied characters, while that between cultivars and shading densities was significant for root weight and crop growth rates onl

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1988.tb00339.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwenty soybean cultivars from maturity groups IV, V, VI, VII and VIII were screened in the growth chamber study to determine their response to two Rhizobium strains through N‐fixation rates. CultivarsLee 74, EssexandBayshowed high nitrogenase activities of 201.00, 93.75 and 74.86 nM C2H2/pl/hr, respectively.Braxton, HuttonandBraggshowed low nitrogenase activity rates of 4.73, 4.20 and 3.0 nM C2H2/pl/hr, respectively. A range of variation was found among the cultivars in shoot fresh and dry weights, nodule number and nodule weigh

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1988.tb00340.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA field experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of pasture legumes (Chtoria ternatea, Stylosanthes hamata, Centrosema pubescens, Atylosia scarabaeoides, Macroptelium atropurpureum, Phaseolus lathyroides, Vigna luteola, Glycine javanicaused as intercropped element) in terms of nitrogen economy, biomass productivity and seed yield potential ofChrysopogon fulvus— a grass based management maintained for 1980–82 at the Research Farm, Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi under rainfed condition. Some legumes i.e.Atylosia scarabaeoides, Centrosema pubescensandStylosanthes hamataenriched the nitrogen (74–90 kg/ha) status of soil which approximately doubled the biomass production (100–116 q/ha) as well as seed yield (78–81 kg/ha) ofChrysopogon fulvus.Furthermore the increased seed yield ofC. fulvusunder intercropping of legumes was attributed to its ear production, spike length and potential sink strength inducing the degree of germination (30 %). Potential performance ofC. fulvusin the first year as compared to subsequent years might be due to its general transcript of the plant and have some interaction with rainfall. Extremely high and poor rainfall adversely affected the performance of

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1988.tb00341.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStage‐to‐stage changes in leaf percentage, crude protein concentration andin vitrotrue disgestibility of alfalfa herbage materials of the same age and common harvest dates across there different growing season were determined. Leafiness decreased with advancing crop maturity. Herbage leaf content was closely associated with the total herbage C P and IVTD. When leaf percentage was regressed on quality measures of C P and IVTD, the regression analysis provided highly significant linear relationship for CP(r2= 0.823), IVTD (r2= 0.854) for alfalfa crop diverse in stand and canopy ages, stages of maturity and across locations and seasons of the year. These relationships indicated practical applicability of the use of crop leafiness for predicting the herbage qual

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1988.tb00342.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY