摘要:

AbstractTwo series of field trials were performed at three sites in Schleswig‐Holstein between 1981 and 1988 to inquire into the yield structure of European winter types ofVicia fabaL. and to compare their yield potential with that of spring types. Due to low winter survival, 6 winter types could be evaluated only in 4 environments in dependence of 1–3 sowing times (seriesα: seed rate 30/m2) and 1 winter type in 5 environments in dependence of 3 sowing times and 3 seed rates (seriesβ: seed rate 15, 30, 45/m2).Seed yield of winter type averaged 410 g/m2(D.M.) surpassing spring types by about 14 %. Environments caused a considerable variation in yield (275–620 g/m2) and in each yield component of winter types, while sowing dates and seed rates hardly affected the components seeds/pod and seed weight, which displayed stable genotypic rank orders. Compensative forces among the components plants/m2, tillers/plant and pods/tiller, were established. Plant densities of less than 10/m2in spring, generally led to seed yield below 350 g/m2. Variation between 15–30 plants/m2due to environments, sowing times or seed rates were frequently not fully compensated by tillering of plants, but often variation of the thus formed yield potential was reduced by pod set of tillers resulting in 210–270 pods/m2. The direction of correlations of pods/tillers with tillers/plant and plants/m2differed due to experimental conditions whereas negative correlations between pods/tiller and tillers/ m2were generally evident.Tillering was significantly influenced by the sowing time, though the increase because of early sowing was often covered by compensative effects of different plant densities. A genotypic capability to produce reproductive tillers was demonstrated using an approach which considered different plant densities and compensative forces. Neither a genotypic capability of tillers to set pods nor direct effects of environments or sowing time on pod set were

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1991.tb00946.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWith a view to study the influence of irrigation regimes at critical stages of sugarcane an investigation was carried out at Agricultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Bhavanisagar, India during Mid‐late season (March–April) usingCo 6304as test variety. Treatments consisted of eight irrigation regimes created by imposing two levels of irrigation 0.75 and 0.5 IW/CPE ratio at critical stages (tillering, grand growth and maturity). The results revealed that irrigating sugarcane at 0.75 IW/CPE ratio at tillering and growth and 0.5 IW/CPE at maturity phase recorded highest nutrient uptake, cane yield (139 t/ha) with 10.6 % CCS consuming 1791 mm of water the highest water use efficiency of 77.3 kg/ha

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1991.tb00947.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDynamics of the biosynthesis of niacin was followed in developing seed of four soybean genotypes under the defined climatic conditions in the course of three years. Tests were carried out at weekly intervals from the moment the seed was suitable for analysis up to its full maturity with the moisture content of about 14 %. Observation of the content of niacin determined more intensive synthesis of this vitamin in the third and fourth development stages, at the time of the highest cumulation of dry matter and metabolic activity. Maximal concentrations of niacin were noticed in the year in which along moderate temperatures considerably ampler precipitation was recorded. A comparison of the fluctuation of proteins and fatty acids with the fluctuation of niacin content confirm its role in the biosynthesis of these most important components of soybean seed.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1991.tb00948.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo cultivars of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus[L.] Moench) were used to compare the relationship between linear dimensions of leaf and leaf area. Formula A = eL2(where A = leaf area, e = enlargement quotient and L = midrib length of leaf) determined leaf area more accurately.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1991.tb00949.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo promising selected land races of safflower (Carthamns tinctoriousL.) designated as line 11 and line 13, together with the local varietyGiza 1, were examined under three levels of moisture depletions, i.e. 40, 60 and 80 % ASMD at Fayoum, Middle Egypt during 1986/87 and 1987/88 seasons. In both growing seasons, the second irrigation treatment i.e. 60 % ASMD gave the highest means for growth characters as well as seed yield and most of its components. Seed oil content per cent exhibited an increased as soil moisture depletion increased with no significant difference between entries. Safflower entries showed clear differences in some yield components which compensate each other and resulted in no significant difference in seed yield per hectar.Consumptive use of water by safflower plants increased as the available soil moisture around the root zone increased. No significant differences were found in water consumed by safflower entries used in all experiments.In the two experimental seasons, the best water use efficiency (WUE) for seed production was obtained also from the second treatment (60 % ASMD). The line 11 gave the best WUE.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1991.tb00950.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStudy of the root systems of the wild speciesPlantago albicans, Rumex pictusandCutandia dichotomaand the cultivated speciesMedicago sativa, Sorghum sudangrassandHordeum vulgareindicated a maximum penetration to lateral root specialized species from 20 to 50 cm and from 25 to more than 110 cm in tap root specialized species. Root number increased with dryness while root length increased with wet conditions. This leads to low root length density for wild and irrigated cultivated species. Root/shoot ratio increased in the dry season as a result of shoot deterioration by water stress. Magneto tropism was recorded in the secondary branches ofPlantago albicansroots.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1991.tb00951.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA field study was undertaken to understand the effect of low light in Rice involving the cultures and four cultivars. Light stress was found to decrease total biomass, yield and yield components. The reduction in the ultimate grain yield was found to be affected due to the increased number of ill‐filled spikelets. Low light tolerant varieties viz.,IET 10436, IET 11058, PonniandBhavaniwere found to withstand the light stress and recorded nominal yield by maintaining minimal reduction in all the desired parameter

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1991.tb00952.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractYield of red cherry tomatoes and soil salt distribution as affected by different amounts and salinities of irrigation water was studied in a field plot experiment during the summer of 1988 at Utah State University. Four different amounts of fresh water and two amounts of saline water were imposed with line source trickle irrigation on a sandy loam soil in lysimeters.Tomato yield and seasonal evapotranspiration increased in a linear fashion with increasing irrigation water. Tomato yields with fresh water (EC = 0.33 dS/m) were significantly higher than with saline (EC = 4.0 dS/m) water. There were no significant differences in seasonal evapotranspiration between the two salinity levels with two levels of deficit irrigation. Soil water depletion and availability decreased as the soil water salinity increased. Soil water salinities increased with both vertical and horizontal distance from trickle lines and reached a maximum at the bottom of the wetted area and between trickle lines.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1991.tb00953.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMeasurements of transpiration rate (TR), leaf diffusive resistance (LDR), leaf water potential (LWP), and canopy minus air temperature (Tc‐Ta) were made over four differentially irrigated plots of wheat grown at Pantnagar. The data were analysed to workout functional relationships between these plant parameters. Correlation studies yielded low values of correlation coefficients ‘r’. The plotting of the data also showed wide scattering around the lines. For removing the variability of shoot environment the whole data were normalized by subtracting the values of well irrigated (unstressed) plants from the values of the stressed plants. The plotting of normalized data showed close linear relationships. The regression analysis of normalized data provides highly significant correlationships of TR Vs LDR, TR Vs LWP, TR Vs Tc, TR Vs Tc‐Ta and Tc‐Ta Vs LDR. It indicates that normalization of plant parameters for environmental variability is required in order to better quantify crop responses to soil wate

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1991.tb00954.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAllelopathic influences of aqueous extracts of congress grass (Parthenium hysterophorusL.) were investigated on germination and seedling vigour of cereals (rice and wheat) and pulses (black gram and chick pea).The observations on germinations of crop seeds were recorded daily while linear growth of plumules and radicles were measured 2, 4 and 6 days after initiation of study. Aqueous extract of this weed exhibited allelopathic effects on germination and seedling vigour of both cereals and pulses. With increase in concentrations of aqueous extract there was decline in percentage of germination in both cereals and pulses but germination of pulses were more adversely affected than cereals.It was also observed that aerial portion of plant part was found to be more potent than sub‐aerial portion in reducing germination and length of roots and shoots of both cereals and pulses under test. The aqueous extract of 10 % concentration obtained from aerial/sub‐aerial portion of plant brought about maximum reduction in length of roots and sho

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1991.tb00955.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY