摘要:

AbstractFlower abscission and pod set behaviour of mungbean in relation to the degree of defoliation at the reproductive stage was studied under field conditions. In the undefoliated and partially defoliated plants flowering occurred in two successive flushes, although the second flush of flowering was less distinct in partially defoliated plants. Most of the pods a plant attained came from the second flush of flowering. Undefoliated and partially defoliated plant had 23 and 8 pods, respectively. Magnitude of flower abscission and pod set in undefoliated plants was much higher than it was in partially defoliated plants. In the completely defoliated plants none of the pods survived to mature and death of plants occurred within a week following defoliation.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1989.tb00730.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn a two‐year field trial, the influence of the physiological age and the size of seed tubers on various growth parameters was determinedEmergence and senescence occurred earlier in plants of older physiological age. On the other hand the physiological age did not influence the number of stems, the stem dry weight, the leaf number, the leaf dry weight, the leaf area, and the specific leaf area. There was a positive correlation between seed tuber size and number of stems but a negative correlation to the stem dry weight. Bigger seed tubers and consequently a higher number of stems had initially a positive effect on the number of leaves, leaf area and leaf dry weight per plant but this was reversed in the course of the vegetation period. The specific leaf area was only influenced by the weather conditions. There was a strong, highly significant negative correlation between number of stems and branching. The correlation between number of stems and leaf area as well as leaf area duration was positiv

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1989.tb00731.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDiurnal variations in plant water relations were studied in a field grown groundnut crop in water stressed and non stressed plants with and without potassium nutrition. The results indicated the possibility of mitigating the ill effects of water stress by means of potassium spray thus reducing the water demand especially during the critical phase of the crop.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1989.tb00732.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStanding ability is a major component of combining ability and yield stability in dried peas. In performance trials during 1986–1988 commercial varieties and new breeding lines were evaluated for standing ability at one location. Standing ability was measured by visual scores, crop height and standardized crop height (crop height in percent of plant length) at several observation dates during the generative phase. Visual scoring proved to be the most suitable method for the measurement of standing ability as far as time requirement and precision are concerned.Considerable differences between years and varieties were found for both the course of lodging during the generative phase and the standing ability shortly before harvest. Several, at least three or four measurements of standing ability should be done during the generative phase. Also highly significant variety x year interactions were observed. Heritability values estimated for different parameters of standing ability were medium to high as compared to plant length and maturity date (high) or grain yield (low).In general, standing ability of the semi‐leafless varieties proved to be much better than standing ability of the conventional ones. However, the semi‐leafless plant type was not always associated with an improved standing ability.Problems relating to the methods of measurement of standing ability, its phenotypic expression and variability are disc

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1989.tb00733.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWhole‐plant‐response of four sorghum accessions to increasing mM NaCl concentrations of 0, 100, and 150 was assessed at three growth stages (GS‐1, GS‐2, and GS‐3), in a sand‐culture experiment. Accession comparisons were made on the basis of absolute and relative salt tolerance values. Increasing salinity significantly reduced plant height at GS‐1, whilst shoot and root dry weight were less affected. The effect of NaCl on these characters was greater at GS‐2 and GS‐3, and accessions differed significantly in their responses to salinity. On the basis of plant height data,Giza 114had the highest absolute salt tolerance at all three growth stages. However based on shoot and root dry weight data,Double TXandGiza 114were both significantly more NaCl‐tolerant thanINRA 133andINRA 353at GS‐2. Based on relative salt tolerance values of shoot and root dry weight, and plant height,Double TXandGiza 114were more affected by salinity at GS‐3 thanINRA 133andINRA 353. INRA 133andINRA 353exhibited progressively higher tolerance at all growth stages, and produced more grains thanDouble TXandGiza 114, and consequently had higher grain yield per plant. NaCl salinity had little effect on grain weight. Plant sensitivity to NaCl at three growth stages differs in the four accessions, and is genotype‐specific. This suggests that there is considerable variation in salt tolerance in sorghum at the adult stage which may be exploited through selection and breeding of plants to effect further improvement in salinity

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1989.tb00734.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne of the greatest difficulties in pasture research is accurately measuring quality and quantity of the vegetation. The disk meter may be used to rapidly estimate herbage mass (DM) but its validity depends on a good relationship between disk meter height (DMH) and DM. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between DMH and DM for continuously grazed pastures. Pastures of varied botanical composition were grazed by cows and calves from May through October. Paired data (DMH and DM clipped from under the disk) from seven cool season pastures were subjected to covariance analysis. Prediction equations were developed utilizing data from 2 years for different pastures and dates. Disk meter height accounted for a little over half the variability in DM (R2of 0.54 and 0.59 for years 1 and 2, respectively). Regression coefficients of DM on DMH differed between dates in both years and between pastures in one year. To accurately predict DM the disk meter must be calibrated for each pasture and date. However, the disk meter can be used where an estimate of herbage mass is required and resources are limiting.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1989.tb00735.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCress (Lepidium sativumL.) as a biological indicator for the estimation of liquid manure compatibility to plant physiologyIn addition to other proposals for hydroponic tests an improved method with cress (Lepidium sativumL.) is described, which is suitable to study the compatibility of liquid manures to plant physiology. Simply standardizable conditions and particular applicability for serial studies are the characteristics of this method. Results could be obtained rapidly within 72 h. Using this test marked differences between different liquid manures were found especially in dependence on the storage time. An increasing storage time led to a better compatibility to plant physiology.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1989.tb00736.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGrain protein accumulation during grain development was studied as a function of defoliation at anthesis in barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) genotypes grown under pot culture and non limiting nitrogen conditions. The data indicates that per cent grain protein did not decrease proportionally despite 50 % or more decrease in grain yield per plant. These data support the contention that shrivelling need not result in proportional increase in grain protein %. The data also suggests that accumulation of grain protein and carbohydrate during the grain development may not be negatively associated. The data also brings about the importance of grain protein yield per plant as a useful parameter for breeding high grain protein genotypes.

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1989.tb00737.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSeventeen maize hybrids were used in this study to estimate the damage effects of smut intensity and location of galls on yield during the growing seasons 1982, 1983 and 1984. The term “relative yield” was introduced to give an indication about the variation in yield of each maize hybrids among years in accordance with the proposed system of grade classification. Additional calculations were also applied to give quantitative measurements of the specific effect of grade and location of galls on yield losses. The results showed that:1. In most cases, the relative yield followed up the grade classification, being the highest for the highly resistant group (99.0 %) and the lowest for the highly susceptible ones (82.0 %).2. Small galls, as expressed in grade 2 and 3 did not appreciably reduce the yield, but the losses resulted from grade 4 up to grade 8 were more destructive and the losses ranged from 11.0 to 95.0 %, respectively.3. The loss in yield associated with smut galls located on ear, stem + ear, stem + tassel, stem and tassel were 57.1, 48.9, 38.6, 24.3 and 9.3 %, respectively.4. Yield losses were greatly influenced by increasing smut infection and/or smut location among years, due to the changes of climatical conditions.5. The loss in yield at any specific smut location tended to increase exponentially with increasing smut intensity, but the degree of severity was, however, greater when the galls were located on the

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1989.tb00738.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Books Reviewed in this Article:Dambroth, M., und R. Seehuber: Flachs‐Züchtung, Anbau, Verarbeitung.Pomeroy, L. R., and J. J. Alberts (eds.): Concepts of ecosystems ecology – a comparative view.Anonymous. Drinking water health advisories for pesticides.Anonymous. Drinking water health advisories for pesticides.Mielke, H.: Untersuchungen zur Anfälligkeit verschiedener Weizenarten, ‐sorten und ‐stämme gegenüber dem Erreger der Braunfieckigkeit Septoria nodorum (Berk.) Berk.Anonymus(Hrsg. Bundesministerium für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten, Bonn). 1989.Biotechnologie in der Agrar‐ und Ernährungswirtschaft. 201. Sonderheft der “Berichte über Landwirtschaft”.Spaar, D., H. Kleinhempel und R. Fritzsche: Diagnose von Krankhetten und Beschädigungen an Kulturpflanzen, Z

ISSN:0931-2250    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-037X.1989.tb00739.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY