摘要:

SummaryAn exchange transfusion was performed in an infant with neonatal thrombocytopenic purpura. Both the infant and the mother presented some unusual features, which are briefly discussed. Although the disease is self‐limited, the high mortality during the first days after birth indicates the use of effective therapy as soon as possible. Compared to other methods of treatment, exchange transfusion seem to be the best in several respects. It is suggested that women with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura should be delivered in hospitals with exchange transfusion units and laboratories for haemato‐logical serol

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1959.tb05403.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1958.tb05387.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA case is described of non‐spherocytic haemolytic anaemia in a woman. The condition was aggravated during her two pregnancies, and exhibited some megaloblastic features. The first child was healthy, but the second developed anaemia with reticulocyte response first to folic acid, then to a liver preparation, and finally to cortisone and blood transfusion. Haemolytic anaemia was undoubtedly present, but the child also had folic‐acid and vitamin B12deficie

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1959.tb05404.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn the present material the number of cells in the CSF was usually found to be higher during the first 3 months of life than during the remainder of the first year. Individual variations were considerable, especially during the first 2 weeks of life. No correlation was found between the number of red and white blood cells in the CSF. The main cause of the high number of cells in the CSF during the first months of life is probably a normally increased permeability of the meninges, possibly in combination with meningeal irritation sustained in association with delivery.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1958.tb05388.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1958.tb05389.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary and ConclusionsSome fatal cases of bacterial infections from a children's hospital are presented and analysed. The total mortality in such diseases is now low in Sweden. In order to reduce it still further, the following precautions are suggested:1. Early clinical and bacteriological diagnosis (especially in infants regarding capillary bronchitis and meningitis).2. Bacteriological examinations (sensitivity tests included), repeated in cases with poor response to treatment. Early report of results.3. Good hospital hygiene. The hospital should not be dangerous for the patients.4. No prophylaxis with antibiotics. Limited use of broad spectrum antibiotics for treatment.5. In fatal cases with proven or suspected infections bacteriological examinations post mortem are important for complete evaluation.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1959.tb05405.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA series of children with and without diarrhoea from whose faecesStaph, aur. pyogeneshad been recovered on some occasion was studied. Samples were taken before and after treatment with antibiotics of the tetracycline type, and, in untreated cases, at regular intervals during their stay in hospital. Phage‐typing of the staphylococci was performed to some extent.The results indicate that most children with staphylococci in the faeces had on admission a sensitive strain, which after treatment was replaced by a resistant strain the phage‐pattern of which differed from that of the original strain in some cases. In some of the children not treated, the strains of staphylococci also changed after a certain period in hospital. Representative cases to illustrate these phenomena are described.Further, a minor epidemic of enteritis, probably staphylococcal in origin, is described, and also a case of severe enteritis, which may have been caused by staphylococci after suppression of the gastro‐intestinal flora by neo

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1959.tb05406.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn the fall of 1955, when the incidence of poliomyelitis was low in Stockholm, two institutional outbreaks of polioviras infections were studied. At one day nursery, where two paralytic cases had occurred one and two weeks earlier, 31 of the 33 children and 2 of the 5 members of the personnel excreted poliovirus Type 2. The infection was also widespread among the household contacts; thus 7 of 10 siblings and 10 of 47 adults were virus‐positive. Eighty‐five per cent of the virus excretors provided further positive stool specimens still 4–5 weeks after onsst of the first paralytic case; 25 per cent still after 7–9 weeks.At the other institution, a combined day nursery and orphanage, the paralytic index case had occurred a month earlier, followed by a case of aseptic meningitis just before this investigation. Thirty‐two of the 59 children and 2 members of the personnel of 34 adults were found to excrete poliovirus Type 3. Here 50 per cent of the virus excretors provided poliovirus‐positive specimens 6–7 weeks after onset of the paralytic index case; 7 per cent still after 10–11 weeks.Infections with other agents were also discovered among the children studied. Bacterial pathogens were thus common in both outbreaks; and adenoviruses Types 1, 2, 3 or 5 were recovered at one or several occasions from 15 children belonging to the second outbreak. The many episodes of minor illness met with among the persons studied could not be definitely correlated to any of the pathogens encountered.Infections du polio‐virus types 2 et 3 dans des crèches et dans un orphelinat.En automne 1955, lorsque ľincidence de poliomyélite était basse à Stockholm, on a examiné des infections du polio‐virus survenues dans deux institutions. Dans une crèche où 2 cas de paralysie étaient signalés 2 et 3 semaines auparavant, il y avait 31 sur 33 enfants, et 2 sur 5 membres du personnel, qui avaient une excrétion du polio‐virus type 2. Ľinfection était done très répandue parmi les pensionnaires et le personnel; ainsi, 7 sur 10 enfants, et 10 sur 47 adultes avaient une réaction positive du virus. 85 % des individus avec une excrétion du virus produisaient encore des spécimens de selle positifs 4 à 5 semaines après le début des premiers cas de paralysie, tandis qu'après 7 à 9 semaines, ce pourcentage était de 25 %. Dans ľautre institution, une crèche combinée avec un orphelinat, un cas avec des indications pour une paralysie avait lieu un mois plus tôt et il était suivi ?un cas de méningite aseptique, survenu juste avant cette investigation. Chez 32 sur 59 enfants, et chez 2 sur 34 membres du personnel, on a trouve une excrétion du poliovirus type 3. Ici, 50 % des individus avec une excrétion du virus produisaient des excréments avec du poliovirus positif 6 à 7 semaines après le début du cas de paralysie signalé, tandis que 10 à 11 semaines plus tard, ce pourcentage s'élevait encore à 7 %. Parmi les enfants examinés, on a également trouvé des infections ?autres agents. Ainsi, les microbes pathogènes dans les deux épidémies étaient courants, et à une ou plusieurs occasions, les adrénovirus des types 1, 2, 3 ou 5 étaient éliminés de 15 enfants appartenant à la deuxième épidémie. Les nombreuses épisodes de maladies ?importance secondaire, constatées chez les individus examinès, ne pouvaient etre mises définitivement en corrélation avec aucun des microbes pathogènes rencontrés.Infektionen mil Poliovirus vom Typus 2 und 3 in einem Kindergarten und Waisen‐haus.Im Herbst 1955, wenn Poliomyelitisinzidenz in Stockholm gering war, wurden zwei Ausbrüche von Poliovirusinfektion in Anstalten studiert. In einem Kindergarten, in dem zwei paralytische Fälle eine und zwei Wochen früher vorgefallen waren, schieden 31 unter den 33 Kindern und 2 unter den 5 Mitgliedern des Personals Polio‐viren vom Typus 2 aus. Die Infektion war aueh unter den in Berührung gekommenen Mitgliedern der Haushalte ausgedehnt; 7 unter den 10 Geschwistern und 10 unter den 47 Erwachsenen waren viruspositiv. 85 % der Virusträger schieden viruspositive Stühle noch 4–5 Wochen naeh dem ersten Auftreten der paralytischen Fälle aus und 25 % noch nach 7–9 Wochen. In der anderen Anstalt, einem vereinigten Kindergarten und Waisenhaus, war der paralytische Anzeigefall einen Monat früher auf ‐getreten und war von einem Fall aseptischer Meningitis, gerade bevor diese Unter ‐suchung unternommen wurde, gefolgt. Man fand, dass 32 unter den 59 Kindern und 2 Mitglieder des Personals von 34 Erwachsenen Polioviren vom Typus 3 ausschieden. In diesem Falle wiesen 50 % der Virusausscheider polioviruspositive Stuhlpräparate 6–7 Wochen nach dem Auftreten des paralytischen Anzeigefalles auf und 7 % noch nach 10–11 Wochen. Infektionen mit anderen Keimen wurden auch unter den beob‐achteten Kindern entdeckt. Bakterielle Krankheitskeime waren in beiden Aus‐brüchen sehr allgemein und Adenoviren vom Typus 1, 2, 3 oder 5 wurden bei einer oder mehreren Gelegenheiten bei 15 Kindern, die zur zweiten Ausbruchgruppe ge‐hörten, isoliert. Die zahlreichen Episoden von geringfügigen Krankheiten, denen wir bei den beobachteten Personen begegneten, konnten nicht definitiv irgendeinem unter den vorgefundenen Krankheitskeimen zur Last gelegt werden.Infecciones con poliovirus tipos 2 y 3 en casus de asistencia infantil y un asilo de huerfanos.En el otoño de 1955, cuando la incidencia poliomielitica era poco elevada en Esto‐colmo, se estudiaron dos brotes epidémicos de infecciones poliovíricas institucionales. En una casa de asistencia infantil diurna, en que se habían presentado dos casos paralíticos una y dos semanas anteriormente, 31 de los 33 niños y 2 de los 5 miembros del personal, excretaron poliovirus tipo 2. La infectión también se había propagado entre los contactos domésticos, resultando 7 de los 10 descendientes directos y 10 de los 47 adultos viruspositivos. Ochenta y cinco por ciento de los excretantes de virus produjeron muestras fecales positivas ulteriores hasta 4–5 semanas después de la manifestatión de los primeros casos paralíticos y 25 por ciento aún después de 7–9 semanas. En la otra instituteón, casa de asistencia infantil diurna y asilo de huérfanos combi‐nados, el caso paralítico indicador se había manifestado un mes antes, siguiéndolo un caso de meningitis aséptica, justo antes de esta investigateón. Se halló que treinta y dos de los 59 niños y 2 miembros del personal de 34 adultos, excretaban poliovirus tipo 3. En estos, 50 por ciento de los excretantes de virus, produjeron muestras positivas de poliovirus 6–7 semanas después de la manifestatión del caso paralítico indicador y 7 por ciento aún después de 10–11 semanas. También fueron descubiertas infecciones debidas a otros agentes, entre los niños examinados. Las bacterias patóge‐nas fueron por lo tanto comunes en ambos brotes y en una o varias ocasiones se re‐cuperaron adenovirus tipos 1, 2, 3 ó 5, de 15 niños pertenecientes al segundo brote. Los numeros

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1958.tb07857.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryC‐reactive protein (CRP) was determined in colostrum and milk samples from 12 mothers with positive reactions in their sera. CRP could not be demonstrated in any of 63 colostrum or milk specimens, and a transfer of CRP from mother to child by ingestion of colostrum or milk thus is unlikely. This supports the opinion that the infant is capable of producing CRP in early lif

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1959.tb05407.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe neurological complications of the contagious exanthemata may be very severe and dangerous. Residual symptoms are not uncommon. Even transitory anoxemia can cause cerebral lesions. Treatment by tracheotomy and respirator is somtimes life‐saving. There is much evidence in support of the opinion that neurological signs following measles, chicken pox, and rubella are of anaphylactic origin. Attempts at steroid therapy may be justified. Treatment should be applied only for a few days, and then only during a stage of the illness when good antibody production can be counted on. The clinical course in three cases successfully treated with cortisone and in two cases treated with prednisone without improvement are described. Until we know more about this therapy it should be reserved for severe cases with signs of cerebral oedema or cranial nerve paralysi

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1959.tb05408.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY