摘要:

ABSTRACT.All 13 653 children, aged 7–15 years, enrolled in the comprehensive schools of Linköping were investigated with respect to asthma. A questionnaire was sent to 329 pupils, identified with asthma by school nurses. Out of these, 210 (1.5 %) stated symptoms during the previous year and they were further studied. Their disease was graded with respect to the stated number of restricted days during the previous year. Grade 1: no restriction (21.4 %), grade 2: 1–9 days (36.7 %), grade 3: 10–99 days (39.1 %) and grade 4: 100 days or more (2.9 %). Prescribed drugs were used daily by 43.3 %. The median time of absence from school due to asthma was 3 days/year. During physical education 78 % had been restricted, during arts and crafts 12 % and during other lessons 11%. School districts were ranked with respect to absence, restriction, perceived understanding of asthma and dustiness. Rank correlation coefficients were significant for absence/restriction and underst

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10045.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The parents of 61 children with ATD typically attended repeated doctor's appointments concerning the child's ATD during the first years of life. Many (30‐40 %) of the parents felt somewhat relieved about the ATD after the first appointment. Parental attitudes toward the appointments varied considerably within the sample, being related to the physician's reported knowledgeability‐understandability regarding ATD and emotional supportiveness (toward mothers). Most parents were positive and few were negative toward the child's ATD having been identified at this age. Repeated blood tests for the child's liver function were experienced negatively by most parents. The parents’recommendations concerning screening and follow‐up of ATD in children are pr

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10046.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A comparison of early neonatal deaths was performed in fourteen Swedish referral districts over six years (1973–1978). Two populations of newborn infants were compared: those born of mothers resident in referral districts of general hospitals with specialized obstetric service but without own neonatal wards; and those born of mothers living in districts of central hospitals with specialized obstetric and neonatal care in the same hospital. The early neonatal death rates of these two populations did not differ significantly. However, a tendency was observed indicating a lower mortality in the former group, necessitating further analysi

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10047.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Two geographically defined samples with different perinatal health services were compared concerning certain perinatal risk factors. Differences in maternal age, parity, gestational length and birth weight distributions existed but could not explain an observed difference in early neonatal mortality being lower in districts served by general hospitals with specialized obstetric care but without own neonatal wards than in districts served by central hospitals with both these facilities. Other population‐related variables are also discusse

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10048.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In a large Swedish 2 1/2‐year population of fullterm infants the incidence of early neonatal sudden death (ENSD) was 0.12 per 1000 newborn infants considered healthy at birth but presenting with sudden cardiovascular collapse between 6 and 100 hours after birth. In the total neonatal mortality the rate of ENSD was 11 %. Well‐known risk infants, e.g. prematurity, perinatal asphyxia, difficult delivery or congenital malformations were not included. In an inborn population of 20123 fullterm newborns the rate of ENSD was 0.15 per 1000. In the same population near‐missed ENSD occurred in 0.35 per 1000 liveborn infants. Possible causative factors were infections in 4 and anaemia in 2 cases. But in 7 of 13 infants thorough epidemiological examinations and postmortem sterile autopsies did not reveal the cause of death or near death. These are probably cases of sudden infant death syndrome hitherto unrecognized in the first days of

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10049.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The role of serum fatty acid composition in neonatal jaundice was studied by comparing the incidence of jaundice among 332 newborn infants receiving breast milk from mothers on a diet with either a low (0.1,n=145) or a high (1.5,n=187) polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid (P/S) ratio. The diet was started immediately after delivery. The composition of fatty acids in the breast milk and sera of the mothers and in the sera of the newborns was evaluated from a random sample of 15 mother‐newborn pairs on the control diet (low P/S ratio) and 19 pairs on the experimental diet. Five days after delivery the relative amounts of fatty acids, especially that of linoleate, in the sera of the mothers differed significantly depending on the diet. Differences were also observed in breast milk samples taken three, four or five days after delivery and in the sera of the newborns sampled at the age of four or five days. Nine of the 145 newborn infants (6.2 %) in the control group had to be treated with light therapy compared with 12 out of 187 (6.4 %) of the newborn infants in the experimental group (high P/S ratio). Serum bilirubin concentrations were 142.5 μmol/l (SD 65.8) and 140.7 μmol/l (SD 73.5) in the experimental and control groups, respectively, at the age of five days. It appears that the changes in the composition of serum fatty acids reached in this study had no effect on the neonatal jaund

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10050.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Sodium fusidate, an antibiotic used in staphylococcal infections, is strongly bound to human serum albumin, competitively with bilirubin. It is given in molar amounts sufficient to occupy a considerable fraction of circulating albumin. In order to avoid a risk of bilirubin encephalopathy, induced by displacement of bilirubin, fusidate should be given with caution to newborn infants, particularly if patients are prematurely born, icteric or acidotic. Fusidate does not interfere with albumin binding of warfarin or diazepam.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10051.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Prevalence of progressive muscular dystrophy in 1965 and incidence in Denmark for the period 1965 to 1975 was studied by collection of data from hospital departments, nursery homes and general practitioners. This material was supplemented with information from death certificates and disablement pension records. Total patient group included 445 patients with progressive muscular dystrophy alive January 1st 1965. Prevalence was 69.4 per 106male inhabitants in the Duchenne type, whereas the prevalences in the limb‐girdle and facioscapulohumeral types were 36.5 and 18.6 per 106inhabitants, respectively. Incidence was 222 per 106male newborns in the Duchenne type, 66 and 26 per 106newborns for the limb‐girdle and the facioscapulohumeral types, respectively. Figures for the Duchenne type are in agreement with previous results. Both prevalence and incidence rates for the limb‐girdle and the facioscapulohumeral types exceed published figures by a factor 3 to 6. These high Danish rates seem to reflect the true prevalence and incidence in the less serious types of progressive muscular dystrophy, probably because the Danish health system with free medical care and easy access to specialized hospital departments makes it possible to identify all cases of progressive muscular dyst

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10052.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The selenium concentrations in serum and erythrocytes and the erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity were determined in 15 boys with the Duchenne type and in 5 boys with the Becker type of X‐linked muscular dystrophy before and during long‐term selenium and α‐tocopherol supplementation and compared with values in unsupplemented controls. The purpose of the treatment was to improve the muscular strength. Twelve of the 20 patients had pretreatment levels of selenium in serum that were within the 95 % confidence limit of the unsupplemented control children. The values in 2 patients, both with the Duchenne type of muscular dystrophy, fell below this level. Selenium supplementation in a daily dose of 6 μg/kg/day for 6 months caused a substantial rise in both serum and erythrocyte selenium, suggesting suboptimal pretreatment body contents of selenium. The greatest increases in both serum and erythrocyte selenium were observed in subjects with initially low selenium levels. Only in 4 of the 20 patients did the selenium supplementation result in a significant rise in erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity. As no sure improvement was noted in muscular strength during this treatment period, the Se dose was increased to 20 μg/kg/day. This resulted in a further rise in both serum and erythrocyte selenium, but not in erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10053.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The concentrations of zinc and copper were longitudinally studied during the first three months of self‐determined lactation periods of nine Brazilian women. Both elements were studied in relation to volume, energy and total ash of milk. During the six bi‐weekly intervals, zinc showed a significant difference between the high initial value (as mass/volume), mass/g of ash and mass/kcal) and later values toward the end of the third month, but no significant difference was observed for copper. With respect to all three of those parameters, regression analysis of zinc against length of lactation (six bi‐weekly intervals) showed a significant and inverse correlation. Only when expressed as mass/g of ash was copper significantly and directly correlated with length of lactation. The data indicate that zinc secretion into human milk occurs independently of copper and mineral mass and also follows a previously identified physiological pa

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10054.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY