摘要:

SummarySix hundred and nine impetigo lesions were examined bacteriologically and the presence in them of certain types ofStaph. aureusand ofStr. pyogenesthought to be specifically associated with impetigo was determined.On the basis of the bacteriological findings, 47% of the cases were considered to be staphylococcal, 21% streptococcal and 11% mixed. No specific pathogen was isolated from 21%.Among children seen in school minor ailment clinics, staphylococcal cases predominated when impetigo was prevalent, but at all times a fifth or more of the cases were streptococcal. Cases referred to the out‐patient department of a skin hospital were, however, nearly all staphylococcal.It is probable that impetigo includes a more severe, often bullous, skin infection due toStaph. aureusType 71, and a less severe condition associated with certain types ofStr. pyogenes.Staph. aureusType 71 was also responsible for a number of outbreaks of skin infection among newborn infants in hospital. Cases were of all degrees of severity from a mild vesicular eruption to a fully developedpemphigus neonatorum, and a few cases of generalised exfoliative dermatitis were seen.Similar cases due to Type 71 were occasionally seen in domiciliary practice, infected either from the midwife or from an older child with staphylococcal impetigo.The characteristic skin lesion caused by Staph. aureusType 71 is an intraepidermal vesicle or bulla with little inflammatory reaction in the deeper tissue

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1961.tb08028.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe sensitivity of 14 antibiotics and chemotherapeutics to 86 strains ofListeria monocytogenesisolated from 15 animal species was studied by means of an agar diffusion technique. The tetracyclines (chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, tetracycline), erythromycin and streptomycin proved to be clearly superior to other antibiotics testedin vitro.No difference in resistance was found referable to the species of animal from which the strains emanated.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1961.tb08029.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary1. A study by means of micturition urethro‐cystography of changes in the lower urinary tract and of the effective bladder capacity in children with nocturnal enuresis was performed on the basis of a randomly selected twin series. The material comprised 40 same‐sexed twin pairs in which at least one of the partners suffered from persistent nocturnal enuresis, i.e. 49 affected twins and 31 unaffected partners who were used as controls.2. Only minor deviations in the lower urinary tract were found. The investigation failed to show any significant relationship between such deviations and nocturnal enuresis.3. There seems to be no relationship between nocturnal enuresis and the width of the posterior urethra during micturition.4. The statistical analysis indicates that there is no difference in the effective bladder capacity between children with persistent nocturnal enuresis and other children.5. There seems to be no significant relationship between nocturnal enuresis and the occurrence of spina bifida occulta in the lower lumbar and sacral regi

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1961.tb08030.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe daily excretion of vitamins B1, B2and C was studied in 24 newborn full‐term infants during the three first days of life, and in 15 premature infants on three successive days of treatment. No correlation was observed between the mothers' state of health during pregnancy, the number of previous births and the presence of certain diseases, with the daily excretion of vitamin B1, B2and C in the urine of newborn full‐term infa

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1961.tb08031.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary1. The growth of the head has been investigated in 148 white Australian mongoloids.2. The maximum head breadth was within the normal range (±2 S.D.) over approximately the first year. In comparison with normal children, the increase for males was then less rapid until the age of five years, more rapid until the age of nine years, after which no continuing increase was observed. In the female group, the changes were similar except for a slight increase throughout the period studied.3. During first few months of life the maximum head length was almost normal. It then increased much more slowly than in normal children until about the age of five years after which both groups showed approximately equal rates of increase.4. The breadth‐length index increased rapidly during the first few months of life to become much higher than in normal children, but variable. Most mongoloids are brachycephalic or hyperbrachycephalic, but examples of mesocephaly and dolichocephaly were observed.5. The horizontal head circumference was normal until about the age of one year, but between this and the fifth year it increased more slowly than in normal children after which the rate of increase was approximately the sa

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1961.tb08032.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySix of 21 children with blast cell leultaemia were found at post‐mortem to have a hypoplastic or aplastic bone marrow. Leukaemic infiltrations were found in the organs of all the cases with a hyperplastic marrow, but were present in only one of the cases in the aplastic group and are limited to the meninges. The cause of aplasia of the bone marrow in leukaemis is discussed, particularly with regard to the possible influence of the folic acid antagonists. In two of the cases the bone marrow biopsies were indicative of an aplastic course from the start. The treatment in these cases seems to have reduced the activity of the bone marrow still further. In one case the aplasia developed during prolonged treatment with folic acid antagonists; a causal relationship is, however, uncertain. In the remaining three cases there was a haematological response after treatment with folic acid antagonists. At autopsy changes that could have been due to lack of folic acid were found in the organ

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1961.tb08033.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe mean umbilical vein pressure of 31 normal infants 5 to 89 hours of age was 92.2 mm of normal saline ± 12.8 mm (S.D.). Venous pressure was not influenced by age or birth weight.Continuous recordings of umbilical rein pressure were made on 11 infants whose umbilical cords were clamped at the time of delivery, and on 20 infants whose cords were clamped several minutes after delivery. The highest pressure recorded in the early‐clamped group was 120 mm; 2 of the 11 infants had this pressure. Seventeen of the 20 late‐clamped infants had levels of venous pressure repeatedly in excess of 120 mm during the first 30–60 minutes of life with return to the normal range at varying rates.Possible effects of a placental transfusion sufficiently large to raise venous pressure on the clinical status of the newborn infant have been discussed b

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1961.tb08034.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA review and analysis of the sleep and wakefulness patterns of one boy from birth to 35 weeks of age has been presented. This boy's total sleeping time decreased gradually from 17.8 hours in the first week to 14.3 hours at 35 weeks. The most remarkable changes were in the increase in the duration of the sleep and +waking periods. The average longest sleep period for the first week was 4.4 hours and for the 29th week 11.7 hours. The frequency of wakeful periods dropped from an average of 7.5 in the first week to 4.2 in the 35th week. A diurnal sleep pattern is apparent in the Behavior Day Charts from the sixth week on and very definite after the 12th week. The sleep pattern noted in this case are essentially the same as reported in the literature cited. Essentially, all have noted predominantly a lengthening of single sleep and wakeful periods with maturation in the first year, rather than a marked reduction in the total amount of sleeping time.Possible neurophysiological explanations for the changes in sleep patterns are discussed.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1961.tb08035.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe clinical course of a two and a half year old boy with icterus, hepatomegaly, xanthomatosis and marked elevation of the serum lipids is described. In the process of this disease, these clinical and biochemical signs slowly disappeared and the patient seems to have regained complete health. The diagnostic problems are discussed. It is concluded that the patient suffered from a primary liver disease, most likely viral hepatitis of the cholangitic type, with development of secondary xanthomatosis.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1961.tb08036.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwo siblings, a boy and a girl, with congenital blindness died at 8 and 9 years of age from renal failure. Autopsy was performed in one case. The kidneys showed evidence of dysplasia and of pyelonephritis. Earlier suggestions that renal dysplasia might be the primary cause in cases of chronic pyelonephritis in children are supported. Examination of the eyes indicated a congential defect, retinal aplasia.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1961.tb08037.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1961

数据来源: WILEY