摘要:

SummaryAn investigation has been carried out in order to examine whether the frequent infections occurring in children cared for at day nurseries had any significant effect on subsequent ill‐health during the early school years. The study was made on a series of children who had been the subject of an investigation four years earlier. It had been found previously that a substantially higher sickness rate prevailed among children in day nurseries, and also to a certain extent among nursery school children, than among those cared for exclusively at home.Among the common specific infections of childhood it has now been found, as expected, that measles occurred more frequently among the children formerly at home than among the former day nursery children, the latter having already had the disease before starting school. Non‐specific diseases (chiefly respiratory infections and their sequelae) were found to occur to more or less the same extent in all the three groups. Attendance at these types of institutions must therefore be assumed to have no great influence on the later occurrence of these conditions.Among the children investigated, ill‐health due to non‐specific causes was found to occur at about the same level in all groups, corresponding to about 5 % absence.No definite correlation could be established between ill‐health recorded four years earlier and the frequency of absenteeism of the same individuals reported during the period of the present inve

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1953.tb04090.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFive cases of dysostosis mandibulo‐facialis are recorded. In all of them there are exogenic factors which may possibly account for the deformities. Particular attention has been paid to one case where an abortion was attempted during the fifth week of pregnanc

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1953.tb04091.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe causal mechanism of two types of cerebral birth injury – hemorrhages and the hypoxemic ganglion cell lesions – is discussed in connection with four cases of unilateral skin vessel crises in infants during the first months of life. At birth and during the initial postnatal period all the infants had been in a state of universal cyanosis, but, with one exception, they did not present any signs of a brain lesion. Within a period of 4 to 28 days after birth sudden attacks of severe pallor or redness occurred all over one half of the body, with sharp delimitation in the median line. The author has not been able to find similar observations in the literature. It is thought to be due to minor brain lesions occurring during delivery and located in or near the supraseg‐mental autonomic centres in the medulla or the hypotha

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1953.tb04092.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe cocarboxylase content of blood in children has been investigated in 120 cases. The enzyme content decreases with advancing age up to 7 years and is thereafter constant. There seems to be a correlation between the cocarboxylase content of the blood at different ages and the blood picture. We feel, however, that metabolic factors interfere with this correlation.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1953.tb04093.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe importance of distinguishing between prematurity and pseudoprematurity is stressed. The author criticizes the practice of equalizing low weight and immaturity. This is important from the point of view of theoretical research, and no less from that of practical treatment. A desire to consume is often suppressed, and various delays in development (e.g., in the capacity to regulate the body temperature) will then result. Teamwork research regarding the origination of pseudoprematurity should be intensified.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1953.tb04094.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn the belief that the adrenal hyperplasia often seen in the children of diabetic mothers is associated with hyperfunction of the adrenal glands and that it may disturb the electrolyte balance and thereby also disturbs cardiac function, 15 children of diabetic mothers were examined. The investigation included an analysis of serial electrocardiograms traced in the neonatal period. In 4 cases the serum potassium was also determined. Abnormal electrocardiograms were seen in 11 cases. The electrocardiographic changes resembled those seen in hypopotassemia. The cause of this disturbance of the electrolyte metabolism is discussed.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1953.tb04095.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe creatinin slope in blood plasma after an oral creatinin load is a test which. gives important information about kidney function. Without needing urine collection–a procedure often difficult in infants and also in some cases with urinary disease even when collected by catheter–the blood creatinin fall gives values corresponding to the exogenous creatinin clearance test, and also to the endogenous creatinin clearance test, provided the patient is not in a pre‐oedematous or oedematous stage. The author gives the values for creatinin fall in the blood in healthy children and in patients with decreased kidney function after an empirically chosen creatinin

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1953.tb04096.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySome general immunological considerations and their practical application in immunization prophylaxis are discussed as an introduction to the following papers.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1953.tb04097.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThirty‐one children were given a booster dose of adsorbed diphtheria toxoid five years after the primary inoculations which, after this period, had in many cases left no titrable antitoxin. The booster dose produced, within ten days, a sharp rise in the antitoxin titre in all cases. The basal immunity remaining after the primary inoculation is considered to be of great practical importance in epidemiolog

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1953.tb04098.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary1. During the 10‐year‐period 1942–1952, 218 diabetic patients were hospitalized on altogether 500 occasions at the Medical Department of Crown Princess Lovisa's Children's Hospital in Stockholm. Ninety‐six (44.0 per cent) were admitted on one occasion only and the remainder on more than one occasion. Fresh, previously untreated diabetes was present on 142 occasions (28.4 per cent). The rest of the series consisted of patients suffering from previously diagnosed and treated diabetes. Diabetic coma occurred 24 times in the former group and 34 times in the latter. The total coma incidence in the whole series amounted to 11.6 per cent. The mortality was 4.1 per cent (9 patients), of which 3.7 per cent was from diabetic coma.2. Hypoglycaemia necessitated hospitalization on 48 occasions (13.4 per cent) in the diabetic patients treated with insulin. Acute infections without coma were present on 93 occasions and in connexion with coma on 24 occasions (Tables 2–3).3. In the 58 instances of diabetic coma, essential differences were found in a comparison between the 24 cases in the fresh, previously untreated diabetics and the 34 cases in the old insulin‐treated patients. In the former group there was a larger number of severe cases and the mean total dose of insulin required to inhibit the coma was larger due to the presence of insulin‐resistant cases. The final stabilizing dose was, on the other hand, considerably lower in this group (Table 4). The mortality was higher among the coma cases in the previously untreated diabetics than among the coma cases in insulin‐treated patients. The deaths amounted to 5 (20.8 per cent) in the former group and 3 (8.8 per cent) in the latter. The factors precipitating coma in the respective groups are discussed. Infectious factors were found to be more common in insulin‐treated coma patients than in those with fresh untreated diabetes and coma.4. A comparison of the age distribution among the fresh cases of diabetes with and without coma showed a predominance of the younger age groups in the patients with coma (Fig. 2). Symptoms of diabetes before hospitalization had been present in the cases with fresh diabetes and coma for approximately half the time (mean duration 17.5 days) of that in the patients with fresh diabetes without coma but with acetonuria (mean duration 33.1 days). In the fresh cases with neither coma nor acetonuria, the duration was still longer (mean 59.5 days).5. The mean initial blood sugar level was higher in the fresh cases with coma than in the fresh cases without coma. Exceptions were noted: a few patients with coma and a blood sugar level below 200 mg per cent, and a few cases without coma and a blood sugar level above 1 000 mg per cent (Fig. 3).6. The most important principles for the treatment of diabetic coma are discussed,i.e., individualized doses of insulin, administration of fluids up to maximally 10–15 per cent of the body weight per 24 hours, a moderate supply of alkali during the first 3–6 hours, followed by glucose in 5–10 per cent solution, also containing sodium, chloride, lactate, potassium and phosphate (Butler's solution); Fig. 4.7. Three cases of temporary insulin resistance are described, Figs. 5–7. Two cases occurred in association with diabetic coma; the third patien

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1953.tb04099.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY