ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11427.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11428.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Alpha1‐antitrypsin is a serum protein commonly used as a marker of enteric protein loss. In this study, we have quantified α1‐antitrypsin concentration in human milk and its excretion by healthy term breast‐fed infants. We found high concentrations of α1‐antitrypsin in early milk (0.3‐0.6 mg/ml during the first week of lactation) while the concentration fell during subsequent weeks, being detectable through at least 3‐4 months of lactation. Significant quantities of intact α1‐antitrypsin were found to be excreted by the breast‐fed infants studied. The amount excreted was typically higher in early weeks (as much as 200 mg/24 h) and decreased with infant age, possibly due to both decreased intake from the milk as well as increased digestion of the protein by the maturing infant. In vitro studies demonstrated that the trypsin‐α1‐antitrypsin complex resisted proteolysis by pepsin and pancreatic enzymes; thus, α1‐antitrypsin in milk can escape gastrointestinal degradation. We conclude that α1‐antitrypsin is not a suitable marker for intestinal protein lo

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11429.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Twenty‐two smoking mothers and their healthy newborn infants (mean postnatal age of 3.7 days) was studied in the maternity ward. A close correlation was found (r=0.94) between nicotine concentrations in the mothers' plasma and milk after smoking, the milk: plasma ratio being 2.9. The amount of nicotine transferred to the infant increased from 0.09 to 1.03 μg/kg infant body weight when mothers smoked before breast‐feeding. The daily dose of nicotine via the mothers' milk was 6 μg per kg infant body weight. Cotinine but not nicotine concentrations in the plasma and milk of the mothers and the urine of the infants reflected the smoking habits of the mothers during pregnancy. There was no correlation between nicotine and cotinine concentrations in the infant's urine and the amount of nicotine given to the infant via the mother's

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11430.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were studied in jaundiced and normal neonates on the day the highest bilirubin values were reached, 2‐3 days later, and at five weeks. During the first week three groups were formed according to peak bilirubin values: A:250 μmol/I (n=20), B: 125‐250 μmol/I (n=6), C:<125 μmol/I or no jaundice (n=19). At five weeks 10 infants of group A were reinvestigated, together with 17 controls. Cervical (N13) and scalp SEPs (N19) were recorded with a variable number of stimuli. The SEPs of group B and C did not differ from each other. In group A the N13 peak latencies were within the range of group C at the first investigation, but prolonged at the second and third. The cortical components were prolonged at the first investigation, improved but still prolonged at the second, while the N19 peak latency was still prolonged at the third investigation. The central conduction time (CCT) correlated positively with the bilirubin level. Since a rapid decrease in the N19 amplitude was found for all groups from 25 to 100 stimuli, recordings should be done with a low number of stimuli (less than 100). Our findings indicate that both the periferal and the central components of the SEPs in the neonatal period are delayed by jaundice and that full recovery is not obtained at five weeks. The non‐invasive SEP technique can be used as a daily monitor of the effect of bilirubin on

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11431.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Recent reports have described cases of septicaemia caused by coagulase‐negative staphylococci in preterm neonates, mainly due to the use of artificial intravenous devices. It was of interest to examine if intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, known to be effective in group B streptococcal infections of neonates, had a similar beneficial effect in coagulase‐negative staphylococcal infections. Opsonophagocytosis of coagulase‐negative staphylococci by normal polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the presence of cord blood serum supplemented with the commercial IgG preparation ‘Sandoglobulin’ was investigated, using luminol‐dependent chemiluminescence. It was found that with two different coagulase‐negative staphylococcal strains, Sandoglobulin had a concentration‐dependent enhancing effect on the chemiluminescent response. This effect was demonstrated in the presence of native as well as inactivated cord blood serum and in the presence of sera from preterm infants (28‐33 weeks). It is concluded that intravenous Sandoglobulin therapy may be effective in the treatment of preterm infants with severe coagulase‐negative staphy

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11432.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A cross‐sectional study measuring head circumference was performed on 3344 Irish Children aged from 5 to 19 years. Comparison with other countries showed a slightly larger head circumference than the 1965 British standards produced by Tanner, but significantly smaller than the Ounsted data from Oxford. There Was no significant difference between the urban and rural children, but the children of non‐manual workers had a significantly larger head than those of manual work

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11433.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A retrospective study of all Swedish patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) born 1969‐1986, was conducted to elucidate possible benefits of neonatal screening for CAH. Information was obtained about 150 patients (67 male, 83 female). One hundred and fortythree cases were regarded as classical and seven as non‐classical (symptoms after 5 years of age or cryptic). All but two (one girl with 11‐hydroxylase deficiency and one boy with β hydroxysteroid‐dehydrogenase deficiency) had 21‐hydroxylase deficiency. The prevalence was 1: 11500. Ninety‐three patients (48 male, 45 female) displayed salt loss, all before the age of 3 months. Two boys had died and many children had been critically ill during the first weeks of life. The median age at diagnosis for boys in this group was 21 days. Gender assignment was a major problem in 38 of 57 girls with ambiguous genitalia noticed during the first day. Fifteen of these girls were considered to be male for their first 40 days (median), before the CAH diagnosis was established. Patients in whom the first symptom was manifested after the age of one year often showed growth acceleration, which frequently was overlooked. Median diagnostic delay in this group was 17 months. Possible benefits of neonatal screening are: avoidance of a serious salt‐loss crisis; earlier diagnosis and correct gender assignment in virilized girls; decreased virilization, growth acceleration and premature pubarche in prepubertal children; and reduced negative consequences for psycho‐social development

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11434.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Ten adolescents (four boys and six girls) aged 11.5 to 17 years, presenting with constitutionally tall stature were treated with twice daily subcutaneous injections of 250 μg of SMS 201‐995 (Sandostatin®). Results are reported after 6 and 12 months of therapy. Reduction of growth rate was obtained in 9 patients and correlated with the reduction of 24‐hour growth hormone pulsatility and with the decrease of plasma Somatomedin‐C values, Moreover, acceleration of bone maturation on SMS 201‐995 therapy occurred in seven patients, and mean bone age increased from 13.3 years to 14.5 and 15.8 years after 6 and 12 months of SMS therapy. The mean reduction of predicted adult height was 4.9 cm at the last evaluation after 6 or 12 months of therapy. The dual effect of SMS 201‐995 on growth rate and bone maturation suggests that it may be an alternative treatment to reduce a

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11435.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Data on birth, growth and final height were collected retrospectively for 78 women with Turner's syndrome born 1955‐66. Seventy‐one had received estrogen treatment from a mean age of 17.7 years (SD=2.0 years), while 7 were spontaneously menstruating. At birth Turner girls were 440 g lighter (p<0.001) and 1.4 cm shorter (p0.7). Correlations between FH and parental heights, birthweight and birthlength were similar to those reported for normal women (19). FH varied with age at diagnosis. Those diagnosed after 17 years of age had a mean FH=151.3 cm, while those diagnosed before had a mean FH=145.8 cm (p<0

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11436.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY