摘要:

Rhesus‐human reassortant tetravalent rotavirus vaccine at a titer of 4 x 104plaque forming units was evaluated for immmunogenicity in 194 6–8‐week‐old breast‐fed Turkish infants. The vaccine was administered orally as a single dose following either a meal of breast milk or 30 ml of sodium bicarbonate‐buffered soy milk formula. Four‐fold or greater responses in rotavirus IgA ELISA antibody were detected in 62% and 65′% of the infants in the two groups, respectively (p= 0.62). In a smaller comparison group of non‐breast‐fed infants, an IgA response was detected in 7 of 11 (64%) cases. In all vaccinees, a serological response was detected in 72% of the initially seronegative and 47% of the initially seropositive infants (p= 0.001). We conclude that the take of rhesus‐human reassortant tetravalent rotavirus vaccine in breast‐fed infants is not compromised by breast feeding before vaccination. However, a higher titered preparation of the same vaccine may be required to improve overall immunogenicity in young infants, particularly in those with pre‐vacci

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12646.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Low levels of alphal1‐antitrypsin can predispose affected infants to develop a wide spectrum of liver diseases. Heterozygous PiMZ carriers can be affected by a subclinical liver involvement in the first six months of life. The liver damage appeals to be mediated by the activity of toxic oxygen waste products originating from partially unchecked proteases which can cause enough damage to impair hepatic function significantly. In the present study it was found that the antioxidant properties of vitamin E were able to reduce the frequency of liver dysfunction in PiMZ carriers at two but not at five months of age. Liver damage is highly related to low levels of alpha‐tocopherol in the plasma. These findings show that oxidative free radicals can promote liver damage in inadequately protected young infants, such as those affected by alpha,‐antitrypsin deficiency. The protective role of vitamin E in relation to the developmental expression of other antioxidant scavengers is disc

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12647.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Seven hundred consecutive patients from Tartu Children's Clinic were screened for coeliac disease by IgA class anti‐gliadin antibody enzyme‐linked immunosorbent test during January 1 to May 31, 1991. A positive anti‐gliadin antibody test result was revealed in 11 children and in 8 coeliac disease was diagnosed according to the criteria of the European Society. for Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. There was no suspicion of coeliac disease before anti‐gliadin antibody determinations in five children and two were asymptomatic. In five children, no suspicion of coeliac disease was raised beforehand. The present study shows that coeliac disease is underdiagnosed in

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12648.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A group of 47 children with coeliac disease, born between 1973 and 1978 in the Swedish county of Västmanland, participated in a controlled questionnaire study. Health, self‐esteem, knowledge of the disease and dietary compliance were investigated. The children with coeliac disease were otherwise just as healthy as the control children. Growth and self‐esteem were normal. Good knowledge of coeliac disease and dietary treatment was found in 87% of children and dietary compliance was 81%. Girls and younger children (12–14 years) were more compliant than boys and older children (15–17 years). Compliance correlated positively to k

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12649.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12650.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We assessed the relationships between annual height velocity, calculated from two measurements taken at intervals of 6, 12 and 24 months, in 69 healthy prepubertal children (34 male, 35 female) aged 6.5 years (range 6.25–6.75 yrs) who were followed for 2.5 years and measured biannually. Initial height values for age were within normal ranges except for one child with a height SDS of — 2.0. Mean annual velocities also conformed to British norms. Significant differences were observed between consecutive six‐monthly velocities and these values failed to predict annual velocities calculated from measurements taken at 12– or 24‐month intervals. Seasonal effects were thought to have some impact on the six‐monthly velocity differences. Height velocity, based on measurements taken at intervals of 12 months, was essentially similar to two‐year velocity values. The results indicate that in estimating annual height velocity, six‐month intervals between measurements may be misleading while 12‐monthly measurements are as reliable as height velocity values based on measurements taken at t

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12651.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A total of 5473 pharmacological stimulation tests were carried out in 3143 children and subjected to statistical analysis. The mean chronological age of the children was 9 years 9 months (range 3 years to 16 years 6 months) and mean bone age was 7 years 6 months (range 2 years to 14 years). Nine pharmacological tests were used: (I)arginine(n = 625); (2) clonidine (n= 339); (3) insulin (n= 198); (4) ornithine (n =162); (5) insulin and arginine (n= 203); (6) clonidine and betaxolol (n =2003); (7) L‐dopa (n = 685); (8) glucagon and propranolol (n=443); and (9) glucagon and betaxolol (n = 815). Measurement of plasma growth hormone was always performed using the same method. The distribution of values in each test was of the gausso‐logarithmic type. The results of the mean peak and the 95% confidence limit were as follows: (1) 10.2, 0.45; (2) 11.5,0.7; (3) 11.8,0.8; (4) 14.2,1.2; (5) 14.3, 0.9; (6) 15.7, 1.1; (7) 19.8, 2.1; (8) 20.8, 2.3; (9) 21, 2.5. These results lead to the following conclusions: the specificity of these tests is low, the mean peak may vary two‐fold from one test to another, and the percentage of peaks<10 ng/ml ranges from 69% for test 1 to 29% for tests 8 and 9. The proportion of growth hormone deficiencies thus varies considerably according to the test used. To avoid these disparities, we propose a weighting index to adjust values according 40 the tests used: weighting index (1) 1.9; (2) 1.48; (3) 1.4; (4) 1.16; (5) 1.06; (6) 1.01; (7) 0.73; (8) 0.69; (9)

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12652.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thirty‐two patients with cystic fibrosis and repeatedly normal fasting blood glucose underwent oral glucose tests and islet‐cell antibody assessments on two occasions approximately two years apart. Fourteen patients underwent two iv glucose tolerance tests also. Although in the group as a whole mean glucose areas in response to the oral test remained substantially unmodified over the two‐year period, the prevalence of glucose tolerance abnormalities increased from 37.5 to 50%. Insulin output in response to both oral and iv tolerance tests decreased over time. Worsening of insulin secretion and/or of glucose tolerance was never accompanied by deteriorating clinical status. Islet‐cell antibodies were detected in no patients, even in those who developed a diabetic glucose tolerance. These results support, on a longitudinal basis, the view of a progressive impairment of B‐cell function in cystic fibrosis, which may precede the onset of metabolic abnormalities and is not triggered by aut

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12653.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The growth profiles of 28 cystic fibrosis patients, followed for at least three years, were analysed in order to study the dynamics of growth and to verify if any correlation with clinical events exists. Heights and weights were recorded at three‐month intervals, and the patterns did not appear stable or linear, although a graphical smoothing might depict a linear pattern. Height and weight velocity profiles were plotted and all cases showed regular pulsatile patterns of height and weight velocity. By taking measurements at three‐month intervals, the pulsatile rhythm was found to be associated with a circannual rhythm. When the appearance of clinical events was related to growth velocity profiles for each individual, the majority (71–82%) occurred during the descending phase of the growth velocity. An understanding of the individual pulsatile pattern of growth may actually increase the sensitivity of surveillance, and checks might be programmed according to the individual pattern, since the risk of developing an adverse clinical event is significantly greater during the slowing phase of the growth vel

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12654.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12655.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY