摘要:

Abstract.An interview was performed among mothers of 466 children, aged 6–18 months, in order to elucidate which factors influence the parents' choice of industrially produced or home‐made foods, when feeding their infants with Beikost. The use of canned foods was more popular among mothers of very young children, the families' own »table‐food» being considered as nutritionally not adequate and also less convenient. The »home‐cookers», on the other hand, were convinced that industrially prepared Beikost was not necessary from nutritional, taste or economical aspects. Feeding problems occurred in about 15% of all families, irrespective of feeding practices. Social and economic factors, like education, working and money spent on food, seemed to influence the families' choice of food for the children to a very small extent, implying that the way of feeding children had no deeper impact on their standard of living. Instead, the mother's own activities, interest, knowledge and ideas of how to feed children were decisive for her choice: the “home–cookers” were more interested in household work like shopping, baking and cooking, and these activities did not exhaust them as much as they did the “jar–buyers”. Information from the food industries was the most important source for the parents' knowledge about nutrition and feeding of babies, irrespective of their feeding practices. After knowledge due to experience from older children the Child Health Centres were the third most appreciated source of information. It is therefore most important that the baby food industries give information of high quality and that they follow certain ethical principles, preferably formulated by paediatricians acting as medical consultants to the industry. However, the primary responsibility for information to parents about baby food falls on the country's health authorities. Considering the apprehension of feeding management often revealed by the mothers and also the relatively high frequency of feeding problems reported, it seems wise to educate and support the Child Health Centres towards a more active participation

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1977.tb07968.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The growth of 202 children exposed to thalidomide in utero and having upper (139 children) or lower (63 children) limb deformities has been assessed towards the end of pre‐pubertal growth. The analyses show that children exposed to thalidomide are shorter than normal children but grow at a normal velocity later. These findings may help in consideration of the mechanism by which thalidomide exerted its teratogenic effect. Analyses of growth may find a wider use in the retrospective assessment of drugs which are potentially harmful in pregnanc

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1977.tb07969.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.During the treatment of IRDS with assisted ventilation pneumothorax is a common and dangerous complication where an early diagnosis is important for the successful treatment. In this case report the continuous monitoring of transthoracic electrical impedance has proven to be a sensitive and non‐invasive method to detect the development of pneumothorax long before clinical signs are manifes

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1977.tb07970.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Simultaneous serum concentrations of TSH, total thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) were determined in 93 fullterm (FT), 37 small‐for‐gestational age (SGA) and 38 preterm (PT) babies with a postnatal age from 2 to 144 hours. In addition, TSH, T4and T3concentrations were measured in cord sera from 27 FT, 4 SGA and 5 PT babies and in venous blood from 20 mothers at delivery. Cord blood concentrations of TSH were higher and T4and T3concentrations were lower than seen in the mothers. Serum concentrations of TSH were high during the first day of life followed by a decline. There was no statistically significant difference between serum TSH concentrations of the three groups of newborns. On the 5th day of life no elevated serum TSH values were found in any of the groups (TSH<5mU/l). Serum concentrations of thyroid hormones increased after birth and reached maximum levels within 24 hours in all groups. The relative increases above cord level were of the same magnitude in the newborns: Two times for serum T4and six times for serum T3. The thyroid hormone concentrations in blood samples from FT babies decreased from the second day of life, whereas in low birth weight newborns the decreases were more variable. The serum levels of T4and T3were significantly different in the three groups of newborns, the highest values were seen in FT and the lowest values in PT babies. In contrast, the ratios between molar serum concentrations of T4and T3were found to be highest in PT, lower in SGA and lowest in FT babies, approaching maternal values during the first week of life. The data are discussed with regard to hormone secretion, thyroxine‐binding capacity and peripheral T4to T3conversion in the three groups of newborns. It is concluded that from day 5 after birth serum TSH determinations, alone or in combination with serum T4, seem to be the method of choice in screening for congenital hypothyro

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1977.tb07971.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The I, II and III antibody responses to tetanus and diphtheria were assessed in marasmic and moderate protein‐calorie malnourished children and compared to that of controls. The results suggest that during recovery marasmic children are capable of responding adequately to tetanus and diphtheria vaccine

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1977.tb07972.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The characteristics of the hemolyticuremic syndrome in 7 children living in a well defined area in the south of Sweden are described. All the patients had a severe form of the disease and were critically ill. The clinical activity could best be followed by measuring blood platelets and urinary FDP. Early institution of hemodialysis treatment, given almost daily until normalisation of platelet count and urinary output, is the most important live‐saving measure. Full dosage heparin seems not to be necessary. Six patients survived and were followed‐up for 1–7 years. When last seen they all had normal renal function and blood pre

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1977.tb07973.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Lactose and protein absorption from breast milk and a cow's milk preparation enriched up to 7% of lactose were studied in two infants with an artificial anus applied in the ascending colon region. The concentrations of protein, lactose, glucose and galactose were measured in the fistula stools. In addition, the stools were analysed microbiologically. There were relatively high concentrations of lactose and its decomposition products and low concentrations of protein and aminonitrogen in the fistula stools when breast milk was fed. When the cow's milk formula was applied, only traces of lactose but high amounts of protein were measured. The microbiological findings are in agreement with the hypothesis that the bacterial flora of the large intestine is influenced by the lactose and protein concentrations in the intestinal content which reach the large intestine.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1977.tb07974.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Twenty five breast‐fed and 25 formula‐fed infants were colonised by oral administration of a living suspension ofE. coli083. Twenty breast‐fed and 13 formula‐fed infants were followed as controls. Specific antibody titres in serum, stool filtrates and milk, and secretory IgA levels in stool filtrates and milk were determined in samples taken fortnightly from birth until 20 weeks of age. The haemagglutinating antibody in serum and milk increased in the colonised groups, but in stool filtrates an inhibitory effect of breast‐milk was demonstrated. Secretory IgA levels in stool filtrates were significantly higher in colonised infants and breast‐fed controls than in bottle‐fed infants during the period of breast feeding. Then levels in the colonised groups remained high, but in breast‐fed controls they decreased to values found in bottle‐fed controls. Artificial colonisation evoked local antibody and secretory IgA responses in the intestine, as well as an antibody response in the mother's mammary gland. The possible protective effect of those respo

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1977.tb07975.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The influence of lysozyme feeding on the production of serum immunoglobuiins and intestinal secretory IgA was studied in full‐term and premature infants, from birth up to the age six months. Serum immunogiobulins were not influenced by lysozyme administration. An increase in secretory IgA was found in stool filtrates of full‐term Iysozyme‐fed infants; no secretory IgA was detected in controls. In this way lysozyme feeding partly substituted for passive transfer of secretory IgA from maternal

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1977.tb07976.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The concentration of hypoxanthine, xanthine and uric acid in the first 24‐h urine of 105 newborn infants was measured densitometrically by thin‐layer chromatography. 45 of them had moderate or severe perinatal complications. Among these newborns, 26 infants with perinatal complications (58 %) and 4 infants without perinatal complications (7 %) had an elevated urinary excretion rate of hypoxanthine. Urinary xanthine was not increased, uric acid was slightly higher in the group of infants with perinatal complications. It seems that a crucial mark is involved, if the rate of hypoxanthine exceeds 15% of the total urinary oxypurine excretion, or, if related to urinary creatinine, more than 0.075 μmol hypoxanthine/μmol creatinine. Apparently, with hypoxic newborns increased values of urinary hypoxanthine excretion can be used to quantify the lack of oxygen retrospect

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1977.tb07977.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY