摘要:

ABSTRACT.The purpose of this study was to investigate whether hyperbilirubinemia (15 mg/dl) could be predicted by TcB readings at birth or change of TcB readings during the first 24 hours of life. Both the TcB at 24 hours and the ratio of increase of TcB during the first 24 hours per kg birthweight were useful in predicting the development of hyperbilirubinemia (15 mg/dl). The test could be used as a noninvasive screening procedure to detect infants at risk for significant hyperbilirubinemia on the first day of life.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11481.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In 18 spontaneously breathing, preterm infants (mean gestational age 30.3 weeks) cerebral blood flow (CBF) was investigated twice, 2 and 3 hours after birth when spontaneous changes in arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) were expected. Transcutaneous oxygen tension (TcO2) was kept normal by adjusting the inspiratory oxygen fraction. In 12 infants, plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline were constant throughout the study. Changes in CBF infinity (CBF∞) were significantly related to changes in PaCO2(p=0.0001) whereas neither changes in MABP nor TcO2reached a significant association to changes in CBF (p=0.67 and p=1.0, respectively). The calculated CBF‐CO2reactivity of 28.9% per kPa PaCO2(95% confidence interval 16.1–43.0) is comparable to findings in older newborns and healthy adults. Only one of 18 infants developed germinal layer haemorrhage (grade I) in spite of the hypercapnic state which was observed during the first hours of life. Periventricular leucomalacia was not detected. It is suggested that the cerebral blood flow is well regulated within physiological variations of PaCO2and MABP in the healthy, preterm newborn even shortly after

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11482.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.From 1978 through 1987, acquired subglottic stenosis was confirmed endoscopically in 31 children. The mean gestational age of the children was 32 weeks and mean birthweight 2180 g. Of the children 84 % were below 12 months of age at the time of diagnosis. Respiratory distress syndrome was confirmed in 17 children. Before diagnosis, 97 % of the children had been treated by endotracheal intubation for ventilatory support, the mean duration of intubation being 37 days. In 10 children, subglottic stenosis was mild and mature and these children were followed up only. Endolaryngeal prosthesis was employed in 2 children and laryngotomy with autogenous bone graft in 5 children. Mean follow‐up time was 5 years 4 months. At follow‐up, 18 of the children showed good or excellent resu

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11483.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in small children account for a considerable proportion of health care expenditure. In 113 children, followed for the first three years of life, we studied the frequency of acute RTI and its relationship to the factors: type of day‐care, age, sex, family size, living conditions, allergic predisposition, family smoking habits, and season. To elucidate the influence of age, the frequency of acute RTI and its relationship to type of day‐care was longitudinally studied on a quarterly basis. The frequency of acute RTI diagnosis increased gradually from birth culminating in a peak at the beginning of the second year. Besides age and season, type of day‐care was the only factor studied to show any relationship with the frequency of acute RTI diagnosis. Up to the age of almost 2 1/2 years, children attending day‐care centres accounted for more RTI diagnoses than did those in home care or family day‐care, categories with comparable f

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11484.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Two hundred and nineteen infants, consecutively born, took part in a prospective study of infantile colic from birth to 12 weeks of age. The prevalence of infantile colic in this group was 17.4%. S‐motilin was studied in 78 term infants (19 with and 59 without infantile colic) at birth (cord blood), at one day, and at 6 and 12 weeks of age, respectively. Basal motilin levels were raised both in cord blood (p<0.01) and in blood from neonates (p<0.001) who developed colic as well as in 6 week (p<0.05) and in 12‐week‐old infants with colic (p<0.01). Formula‐fed infants with colic had higher basal motilin levels than formula‐fed controls at 6 and 12 weeks of age (p<0.05). Breast‐fed infants with colic had higher basal motilin levels than breast‐fed controls at 12 weeks of age (p<0.05). The raised levels of motilin from the first day of life in infants who develop infantile colic might indicate that the gastrointestinal tract is affected in infants with infantile colic, before any symptoms of

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11485.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Intestinal absorption of macromolecules, using human α‐lactalbumin (α‐LA) as a marker, was studied in breast‐fed and formula‐fed infants with infantile colic. Serum samples taken at 30 and 60 min after an intake of human milk were analyzed for α‐LA by a competitive radioimmunoassay technique. Breast‐fed infants with infantile colic had significantly higher s‐α‐LA levels compared with age‐matched breast‐fed control infants 0‐1 month of age: median value 926 μg α‐LA/I serum/I human milk/kg bodyweight (n= 11) versus 150 (n= 34); 1–2 months of age: 173 (n= 22) versus 31 (n= 16); 2–3 months of age: 132 (n= 8) versus 11 (n= 16). Similarly, formula‐fed colicky infants had significantly higher s‐α‐LA levels than agematched formula‐fed control infants 1‐2 months of age: median value 126 (n= 12) versus<10 (n= 14); 2–3 months of age: 156 (n= 11) versus<10 (n= 10). The increased absorption of the macromolecule human α‐lactalbumin in infantile colic suggests that the gut m

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11486.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Small bowel permeability was investigated in 87 children with recurrent abdominal pain by measuring the 24‐h urinary excretion of orally administered51Cr‐EDTA. The mean excretion was 3.64%± 1. 49% per 24 h. The difference between the mean urinary excretion in children with recurrent abdominal pain and control children (2.51 %± 0.70 %), was significant (p<0.01, two sample t‐test). The increased small bowel permeability in children with recurrent abdominal pain might indicate an intestinal etiology for the patients' com

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11487.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Carnitine metabolites (total, free, short and long chain) were analyzed in cord blood of cystic fibrosis (n=5), non‐CF siblings (n=7), and controls (n=8). Total acylcarnitine (short and long chain combined) was significantly lower (<0.001) in CF compared to both control groups. Total and free carnitine showed no significant differences between the three groups. These findings are compatible with disturbed fatty acid metabolism in utero and may be related to the increased energy expenditure characteristic of CF infant

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11488.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Recently we reported that insulin resistance and glucose induced insulin release are inversely correlated to age in young healthy siblings of diabetic patients. To confirm this pattern of change with age, the subjects were reexamined after two years. The study was limited to the age groups with the lowest insulin sensitivity, i. e. 14.0‐15.9 years for females and 16.0‐17.9 years for males. All five girls and four of five boys showed an increased insulin sensitivity as measured by the somatostatin‐insulin‐glucose infusion test (p=0.02). All subjects showed a decrease in fasting levels of insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) (p<0.01) during the observation period. All except one showed an increase in the levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA‐S) (p<0.01). These data confirm that insulin sensitivity increases in the late teenage period. The parallelism to the changes of IGF‐1 indicate that the pubertal changes in insulin sensitivity may partly be caused by growth hormone. Our data contradict the hypothesis that the low insulin sensitivity of puberty is due to the increased l

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11489.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Urinary albumin excretion (UAE) was determined by radioimmunoassay in two 24 h urine collections from 125 diabetic children and adolescents and from 71 normal children matched for age and sex. Thirteen patients (10.4%) aged>12 years had microalbuminuria, i. e. log transformed UAE levels above the upper normal range (24.5 mg/24 h). UAE values were positively correlated with age, GH secretion, but not with duration of disease, glycosylated hemoglobin, renal size or N‐acetyl‐beta‐glucosaminidase excretion. Diabetic normoalbuminuric children aged 10 years and older had significantly higher UAE than controls and than younger diabetic patients matched for duration of disease. HLA DR3/DR4 heterozygosity frequency was significantly higher (p<0.01) in the microalbuminurine group than in the normoalbuminuric. All microalbuminuric subjects (n=8) with short duration of disease (3.92 ± 3.43 yr) developed diabetes at puberty. In conclusion, our cross‐sectional study suggests: if a number of factors are combined, i. e. HLA DR3/DR4 heterozygosity, onset of disease at puberty and higher GH values, the probability of developing abnormal levels of UAE will

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11490.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY