摘要:

Abstract.Ostrea, E. Jr., and Odell, G. (Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA). Photosensitized shift in the O2dissociation curve of fetal blood. Acta Paediatr Scand, 63: 341, 1974.–The exposure of fetal erythrocytes to blue light in the presence of bilirubin was associated with a significant decrease in the affinity of fetal cells for O2, (δP50) at pH 7.4=+3.17± 0.68 mmHg. This change was not observed with either adult erythrocytes or hemolysates of fetal and adult red cells. Associated with the shift in P50, there was a decrease in the Na+, K+ ‐ATP'ase of the irradiated erythrocytes and no electrophoretic evidence of alteration in the fetal hemoglobin. The results suggest that the shift in the O2dissociation curve represents an additional manifestation of photodynamic membrane injury and the stroma of fetal erythrocytes influence their oxygen aff

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1974.tb04807.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Barltrop, D. and Hillier, R. (Paediatric Unit, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, England). Calcium and phosphorus content of transitional and mature human milk. Acta Paediatr Scand 63: 347, 1974.–The mineral content of breast milk is known to vary but the significance of this for the newborn is unknown. The calcium and phosphorus content of breast milk from 58 nursing mothers has been determined at intervals up to 6 weekspost partum. The plasma calcium and phosphorus content of 15 of the infants aged 6 days was also measured. The calcium and phosphorus content of transitional milk increased during the first 6 days of lactation without significant alteration in Ca/P ratio. No relationship between milk composition and infant plasma chemistry could be demonstrated at the 6th day. The data suggest that milk Ca/P ratios are of less significance for neonatal calcium homeostasis at low as opposed to high mineral load

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1974.tb04808.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Kureš, H. (Physiological Laboratory of the Paediatric Clinic, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden and the Research Institute for Child Development, Charles University, Prague, Czechoslovakia). An additive method for airway resistance measurement. Acta Paediatr Scand, 63: 351, 1974.–In order to increase the possibilities of determining the airway resistance, especially in children, an additive method has been developed which does not require cooperation of the subject being examined nor estimation of alveolar pressure. By means of mathematical derivations it is shown that the ratio mouth pressure difference and flow difference at instant change of additive resistances gives the airway resistance in laminar as well as nonlaminar flow. Besides a recording unit, the equipment consists of a special pick‐up tube with three parts: a flow pick‐up, a mouth pressure pick‐up and two added resistances with means for alternating between them. The method has been tested by using artificial flow resistances and by means of a conventional body plethysmographic method in 4 healthy adults, 10 healthy children and 8 asthmatic children. A correspondence within ±4% of obtained values was found with no significant differences. The method does not call for any artificial breathing manoeuvre, does not cause any unpleasant sensation and allows repetition at short

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1974.tb04809.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Koskimies, O., Rapola, J., Savilahti, E. and Vilska, J. (The Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland). Renal involvement in Schonlein‐Henoch purpura. Acta Paediatr Scand, 63: 357, 1974.–During the period 1964–71 Schönlein‐Henoch syndrome was found in 91 children. Fifty‐four showed no signs of renal disease and recovered rapidly. Eighteen patients with haematuria or proteinuria lasting less than 4 weeks also made full recovery. Nineteen patients had persisting urinary abnormalities and were followed‐up clinically and with biopsies. Immunotluorescent and electron microscopic studies were performed in 6 patients.Histopathological changes correlated well with the severity of the disease. Generalized proliferative glomerulonephritis, sometimes with glomerular fibro‐epithelial crescents, signified severe disease with protracted course. Most of these cases had heavy proteinuria and often nephrotic syndrome. The outcome after a follow‐up of 2 years was good, however. Twelve patients recovered completely and 6 were clinically symtomless but showed minor urinary abnormalities. Only one died and she had showed fulminant clinical and histopathological glomerulonephritis from the beginning of the disease.Immunotluorescent studies showed positive reactions in the mesahgium and glomerular capillaries in 4 patients. In the electron microscopy dense deposits were found at the corresponding sites. In two late biopsies immunotluorescence was negative despite definitive histological changes suggesting disappearance of the immunopathogenetic effectors

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1974.tb04810.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Vanderschueren‐Lodeweyckx, M., Van den Berghe, G., Proesmans, W., Corbeel, L., Eggermont, E. and Eeckels, R. (Department of Paediatrics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium). Dibutyryl cyclic 3':5'‐adenosine monophosphate in hypopituitarism and Silver‐Russel syndrome. Acta Paediatr Scand 63: 364, 1974.–The effect of the infusion of dibutyryl cyclic 3':5'‐adenosine monophosphate (0.2 mg/kg/min during 1 hour) on plasma growth hormone and on glucose, immunoreactive insulin and cortisol was studied in 3 control children, in2Silver‐Russell patients and in 8 patients with idiopathic hypopituitarism. Upon the infusion of the cyclic nucleotide, plasma glucose and immunoreactive insulin increased markedly. An increased level of plasma cortisol was also observed in all cases except in one hypopituitary patient with associated ACTH deficiency. In contrast to what has been reported in normal subjects and observed in the 3 normal children and the 2 Silver‐Russell patients, dibutyryl cyclic 3':5'‐adenosine monophosphate failed to increase the level of plasma growth hormone above 1 ng per ml in 7 out of the 8 hypopituitary patients. Exogenous dibutyryl c‐AMP may be considered as an alternative test for the study of growt

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1974.tb04811.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Armata, J. Cyklis, R. and Wyszkowski, J. (Institute of Paediatrics, Medical Academy in Cracow, Cracow, Poland). Ten cases of so‐called long survival in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Acta Paediatr Scand 63: 369, 1974.–Ten cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia are presented, in children all of whom survived more than 4 years. WBC and blast cell counts were registrered at low levels at the onset of the disease and at subsequent bone marrow relapses. Extramedullary leukemia occurred after 2 years (average) in bone marrow remission, which did not predict early bone marrow relapse. From 1962 to 1970 three treatment regimens for acute leukemia were compared; the best results depended on the intensity of treatment during the first remiss

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1974.tb04812.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Lang, H., Anttila, R., Svékus, A. and Laaksonen, Anna‐Liisa (Department of Paediatrics and Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland). EEG findings in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and other connective tissue diseases in children. Acta Paediatr Scand 63: 373, 1974.–The object of the study was to determine which factors are most likely to cause EEG changes in children suffering from juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and other connective tissue disorders. EEG curves from 100 patients were analysed; 93 of these had JRA, 3 had systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 2 psoriasis, 1 dermatomyositis and 1 scleroderma circumscripta.Pathological EEG was found in 52 patients, borderline in 16 and normal EEG in 32. In the JRA group it was found that if patients had positive antinuclear antibodies or visceral symptoms like pericarditis and/or myocarditis, they had fewer pathological EEG changes than those suffering from a form of the disease with symptoms only in the joints. The number of pathological EEG findings increased with age of the patients.Pathological EEG changes were found to occur more often in girls than boys, and were connected with those forms of the disease where, in addition to symptoms in the joints, there was fever due to the disease itself and possibly also non‐infectious leukocytosis.No correlation was found between EEG changes and the kind of drug treatment of JRA. There was no clear correlation between EEG changes and the duration of the disease or age at onset.In the group of seven patients with other connective tissue disorders only one with SLE had normal EEG.The observations give reason to suppose that the pathological EEG changes, especially the slowness of activity and the asymmetrical focal disturbances, are caused by the primary cerebral process connected with the disease itself, probably vasc

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1974.tb04813.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Sabel, K.‐G. and Hanson, L. Å. (Department of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital, and Department of Immunology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Göteborg, Sweden). The clinical usefulness of C‐reactive protein (CRP) determinations in bacterial meningitis and septicemia in infancy. Acta Paediatr Scand, 63: 381, 1974.–The possibility of using CRP for diagnosis and follow‐up of infants with bacterial meningitksepticemia was investigated. CRP was quantitated with the single radial immunodiffusion technique. In 37 infants 0–12 months old with purulent meningitis and/or septicemia, CRP was increased in 32. The same proportion of increased CRP was found in the neonatal cases as in the older infants. Peak values to<50 µg/ml were found in 2/3 of all cases,E. coliinfections showing the most uniform pattern of high CRP values. The period of increased CRP was closely related to risk of recurrence of the infection. After CRP had returned to normal levels no recurrence occurred. In cases of neonatalE. coliinfections CRP was found to be the best single parameter indicating persistence of infection, and in a group ofH. influenzaeidfection CRP was as good as cultures of cerebrospinal fluid, white blood cell count and protein in cerebrospinal fluid. The findings show that CRP is a useful parameter to show the presence of meningitis and/or septicemia in infancy including the neonatal period. CRP is an easy test which can be used to direct antibiotic treatment since it rapidly detects persistence of infection or

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1974.tb04814.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Rossiter, M. A., Barrowman, J. A., Dand, A. and Wharton, B. A. (Queen Elizabeth Hospital for Children, Hackney Road, London E.2 and the London Hospital, Whitechapel, London, E.l., England). Amylase content of mixed saliva in children. Acta Paediatr Scand, 63: 389, 1974.–Salivary amylase levels were determined in normal subjects from birth until adult life and in children with conditions sometimes associated with low pancreatic amylase such as malnutrition, coeliac disease and cystic fibrosis. Mixed saliva was collected under carefully standardised conditions and amylase was measured by the method of Dahlqvist. There was a wide scatter of values in the 84 normal subjects, but concentrations rose from very low levels at birth to reach adult levels by the age of 6 months to 1 year. Salivary amylase activity rose normally over ten weeks in one premature infant fed milk by gastrostomy. Thirteen children with coeliac disease and 9 children with cystic fibrosis mostly had normal salivary amylase concentrations. Six out of 12 malnourished children with jejunal villous atrophy of uncertain aetiology had low levels which rose to normal as recovery bega

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1974.tb04815.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Hinkel, G. K., Kintzel, H.‐W., Schwarze, R. and Hiindel, A. (Paediatric Hospital, Medical Academy “Carl Gustav Carus”, Department of Neonatology, Dresden, GDR). Enzyme inductor combination to prevent hyperbilirubinaemia in premature infants. Acta Paediatr Scand, 63: 393, 1974.–In the management of physiologic hyperbilirubinemia in newborn infants, phenobarbital and nicethamide (diethylnicotinamide), as an enzyme inductor combination, are found to have a cumulative effect and, consequently, are clearly superior to the use of phenobarbital alone. Four different dosages were compared and the most favourable variant proved to be phenobarbital, 10 mg/kg body weight pro die from day 1 to day 3 (after birth), combined with nicethamide, 100 mg/kg per diem from day 1 to day 4. Exchange transfusion was no longer necessary in 400 premature infants who had received this type of prophylactic combination and thus the routine use of this inductor regimen can now be reco

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1974.tb04816.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY