摘要:

ABSTRACT.The response of C‐peptide in serum and urine and of glucose and branched chain amino acids in blood to formula and breast feeding was assessed in six breast‐fed and six formula‐fed infants 3–6 months of age. We analysed serum C‐peptide, branched chain amino acids (BCAA) in blood, and blood glucose in the fasting state at 90′ and 180′ after regular meal. The excretion of urinary C‐peptide and creatinine was also determined. The formula‐fed infants received formula in current use, containing 15–16 g protein/l and with casein/whey ratio of 40/60. In the fasting state, no significant inter‐group difference was found in the level of serum C‐peptide or the valine/glycine ratio. Postprandially, the formula‐fed infants had significantly higher serum C‐peptide values and valine/glycine ratio than the breast‐fed infants,p≤0.05. No significant inter‐group difference was found for blood glucose. The urinary C‐pep‐tide/creatinine ratio was significantly lower in the breast‐fed group,p=0.02, and significantly correlated both to the valine/glycine ratio at 90′,rs=0.75,p=0.02 and to the serum C‐peptide value at 90′,rs=0.66,p=0.03. These results confirm that in formula‐fed infants the insulin response to meal is enhanced compared to that in breast‐fed infants. The finding of similar blood glucose values in the two groups may also indicate an insulin res

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11824.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.One hundred and fifty‐eight healthy mature newborns were divided into 3 groups according to their risk of allergy: Group A, no risk (n=62), group B, low risk (n= 30) and Group C, high risk (n= 66). Saliva was collected at birth and after 3 and 6 months. SIgA anti‐casein and anti‐β‐lactoglobulin were determined by direct ELISA technique. The highest concentrations of secretory antibodies were measured after birth. After 3 months, breast fed infants had lower salivary SIgA anti‐casein concentrations than the group receiving cow's milk (p≤0.01). The effect of breast‐feeding was seen even after nursing period of only 3 weeks. Infants without risk of allergy fed cow's milk exclusively had higher SIgA anti‐casein (p<0.03) and anti‐β‐lactoglobulin concentrations than low risk infants at the age of 6 months. These data show modifying effect of breast feeding on salivary SIgA production again

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11825.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Iron balance studies were performed in 16 term infants from their 3rd until their 17th week of life. The balance studies were performed at home and comprised five periods with an interval of 3 to 4 weeks, each consisting of three 24‐hour collections of milk and stool samples. Seven infants were fed an adapted infant formula supplemented with bovine lactoferrin (100 mg/100 ml) and nine received the same formula without lactoferrin. The lactoferrin supplemented group received 169 μg iron/kg b.w. × day and retained 63 μg/kg b.w. × day. The mean iron intake of infants fed with the adapted formula without supplementation of lactoferrin was 118 μg/kg b.w. × day. The retention of iron was 43 μg/kg b.w. × day. Mean percentage retention of iron in the supplemented group was 36%, in the non‐supplemente

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11826.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.To investigate the influence of glucocorticosteroid therapy on the neonatal blood count, the haematologic data of 68 preterm and term infants, who had received single dose of 1 mg dexamethasone i.v., were reviewed. White blood cell (WBC) count and platelet count increased after steroid therapy. The increase in WBCs was associated with an increase in the number of neutrophilic granulocytes, whereas the number of eosinophils decreased. We conclude that glucocorticosteroids alter the neonatal blood count and influence its value as diagnostic marker for bacterial infections.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11827.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Three newborn infants who developed hyperbilirubinemia due to blood group incompatibility were treated with high‐dose gammaglobulin. Hyperbilirubinemia was caused by Rhesus (Rh) incompatibility (anti‐E + anti‐c) in Infant 1 and ABO incompatibility (anti‐B) in Infants 2 and 3. Hyperbilirubinemia was refractory to conventional phototherapy but responded well to intravenous gammaglobulin (IVGC) at dose of 1 g/kg in all infants. No adverse effects were observed. These findings suggest that high‐dose IVGG may be useful in the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia due to isoimmune baemolytic disease resistant to pho

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11828.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.An open prospective multicenter study was conducted in order to evaluate the Wellcogen Strep B latex agglutination test in the diagnosis of group B streptococcal (GBS) infections in neonates. Twenty‐three (5.9%) of 391 urine specimens and 5 (1.2%) of 404 sera assayed were positive. The results of the urine tests corresponded to sensitivity of 0.78 for bacteremic, 0.50 for non‐bacteremic and 0.53 for all GBS associated (bacteremic, non‐bacteremic and suspected) infections. After 20–25‐fold concentration of urine specimens the sensitivity increased to 1.0 for bacteremic, 0.67 for non‐bacteremic and 0.78 for all GBS associated infections. The specificity of the test was high (0.93 for concentrated urines), and the predictive value of positive test (Pvpos) was 0.68. A positive latex test was highly predictive of positive surface cultures for GBS (Pv pos = 0.83 after con

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11829.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT. Vesikari T., Ruuska T., Delem A., André F. E., Beards G. M. and Flewett T. H. (Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland, and the Biological Division, Smith Kline RIT Rixensart, Belgium and WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Human Rotaviruses, East Birmingham Hospital, Birmingham, U.K.). Efficacy of two doses of RIT 4237 bovine rotavirus vaccine for prevention of rotavirus diarrhoea. Acta Paediatr Scand 80: 173, 1991.Candidate oral bovine rotavirus vaccine RIT 4237 or placebo was given to 252 Finnish infants at birth and at 7 months of age. No vaccine‐associated reactions were observed. Primary rotavirus ELISA IgM responses were detected in 36% of the infants after the first vaccination; after the second dose 68% of the vaccinees were seropositive for rotavirus ELISA IgG antibody. The infants remained in clinical follow‐up over two rotavirus epidemic seasons (total 28 months). Counted from child years in follow‐up the overall vaccine protection rate was 43%. The clinical severity of rotavirus episodes was assessed using numerical score 0–20. Vaccine protection rate for cases with score ≥7 was 57% and for cases with score ≥11 it was 89%. It is concluded that vaccination with bovine rotavirus vaccine at birth and at 7 months of age, with the second dose given shortly before rotavirus epidemic season, protects infants against moderately severe and severe rotavirus diarrhoea in the first 2 y

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11830.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In 58 previously well‐nounshed patients who were fed cow's milk and who later developed persistent diarrhoea (≥ 15 days), data obtained during the first 8 days of acute diarrhoea were compared with those of patients whose episodes lasted ≤8 days. Children with persistent diarrhoea weighed less at birth, passed ≥6 stools/day during the first 48 hours, received early treatment with antibiotics. Their milk feedings were stopped during the first 48 hours, they had past history of digestive diseases and hospitalizations, they were brought in for consultation after 5 days of symptoms and their nutritional status deteriorated more (p≤0.003,p≤0.03,p≤0.0001,p≤0.0001,p≤0.0001,p≤0.002,p≤0.0001, andp≤0.03, respectively). Their mothers were significantly younger (p<0.0013), had better schooling (p<0.037), and fewer children (p<0.044), and were separated from the index child during the day more often (p<0.056). After persistent diarrhoea was diagnosed, enteropathogens in stools or lactose intolerance or both were demonstrated in 75.9%. Treatment induced remission in all cases. Using logistic regression predictive model was established which enables us to identify, among patients with acute diarrhoea, those at risk of p

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11831.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In 54 children with coeliac disease, mild iron deficiency anaemia or evidence of iron deficiency without anaemia were common at the time of diagnosis. Treatment with gluten‐free diet without iron medication eliminated all evidence of iron deficiency and completely normalized laboratory values. Subsequent challenge with gluten resulted in the rapid reappearance of suboptimal iron balance as evidenced by decrease in serum ferritin concentratio

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11832.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In 10 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and 10 controls of similar age quantitative segmental handling of sodium was estimated by lithium clearance. In the CF group, there was tendency for an increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and increased absolute proximal sodium reabsorption. The fractional distal sodium reabsorption was significantly (p=0.015) increased and sodium clearance was significantly (p≤0.01) decreased in C

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11833.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY